From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Two human polls comprised the 1987 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I-A football rankings. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, does not bestow a national championship, instead that title is bestowed by one or more different polling agencies. There are two main weekly polls that begin in the preseason—the AP Poll and the Coaches Poll.

Legend

President Ronald Reagan holds up a University of Miami jersey presented to him by Miami Hurricanes head coach Jimmy Johnson and the 1987 Miami Hurricanes football team after winning the 1987 NCAA Division I-A national championship

.

  Increase in ranking
  Decrease in ranking
  Not ranked previous week
  National champion
(#–#)
  Win–loss record
(Italics)
  Number of first place votes
т
Tied with team above or below also with this symbol

AP Poll

Preseason
Aug 28 [1]
Week 1
Sep 8 [2]
Week 2
Sep 15 [3]
Week 3
Sep 22 [4]
Week 4
Sep 29 [5]
Week 5
Oct 6 [6]
Week 6
Oct 13 [7]
Week 7
Oct 20 [8]
Week 8
Oct 27 [9]
Week 9
Nov 3 [10]
Week 10
Nov 10 [11]
Week 11
Nov 17 [12]
Week 12
Nov 24 [13]
Week 13
Dec 1 [14]
Week 14
Dec 8 [15]
Week 15 (Final)
Jan 3 [16]
1. Oklahoma (55)Oklahoma (1–0) (54)Oklahoma (2–0) (54)Oklahoma (2–0) (53)Oklahoma (3–0) (44)Oklahoma (4–0) (46)Oklahoma (5–0) (47)Oklahoma (6–0) (42)Oklahoma (7–0) (40)Oklahoma (8–0) (38)Oklahoma (9–0) (36)Nebraska (9–0) (32)Oklahoma (11–0) (54)Oklahoma (11–0) (48)Oklahoma (11–0) (47)Miami (FL) (12–0) (57)1.
2. Nebraska (3)Nebraska (1–0) (3)Nebraska (2–0) (6)Nebraska (2–0) (7)Nebraska (3–0) (12)Nebraska (4–0) (8)Nebraska (5–0) (7)Nebraska (6–0) (12)Nebraska (7–0) (13)Nebraska (8–0) (15)Nebraska (9–0) (15)Oklahoma (10–0) (20)Miami (FL) (9–0) (4)Miami (FL) (10–0) (6)Miami (FL) (11–0) (9)Florida State (11–1)2.
3. UCLA (1)UCLA (1–0) (1)Auburn (2–0)Auburn (2–0)Miami (FL) (2–0) (4)Miami (FL) (3–0) (6)Miami (FL) (4–0) (6)Miami (FL) (4–0) (6)Miami (FL) (5–0) (7)Miami (FL) (6–0) (7)Miami (FL) (7–0) (9)Miami (FL) (8–0) (8)Florida State (9–1)Florida State (10–1)Florida State (10–1)Oklahoma (11–1)3.
4. Ohio StateAuburn (1–0)LSU (2–0)LSU (3–0)Florida State (4–0)Notre Dame (3–0)Florida State (5–1)Florida State (6–1)Florida State (6–1)Florida State (7–1)Florida State (8–1)Florida State (9–1)Syracuse (11–0) (1)Syracuse (11–0) (1)Syracuse (11–0) (1)Syracuse (11–0–1)4.
5. AuburnOhio State (0–0)Ohio State (1–0)Miami (FL) (1–0)Notre Dame (3–0)Auburn (3–0–1)Auburn (4–0–1)LSU (6–0–1)LSU (6–0–1)LSU (7–0–1)UCLA (8–1)UCLA (9–1)Nebraska (9–1)Nebraska (10–1)Nebraska (10–1)LSU (10–1–1)5.
6. LSULSU (1–0)Miami (FL) (1–0)Florida State (3–0)Auburn (2–0–1)Florida State (4–1)LSU (5–0–1)Auburn (5–0–1)Auburn (6–0–1)Auburn (7–0–1)Syracuse (9–0)Syracuse (10–0)LSU (9–1–1)Auburn (9–1–1)Auburn (9–1–1)Nebraska (10–2)6.
7. MichiganMiami (FL) (1–0)Florida State (2–0)Ohio State (2–0)LSU (3–0–1)LSU (4–0–1)Clemson (5–0)Clemson (6–0)UCLA (6–1)UCLA (7–1)Notre Dame (7–1)Notre Dame (8–1)Auburn (8–1–1)LSU (9–1–1)LSU (9–1–1)Auburn (9–1–2)7.
8. Florida StateFlorida State (1–0)Clemson (2–0)Notre Dame (2–0)Clemson (4–0)Clemson (4–0)Tennessee (4–0–1)UCLA (5–1)Syracuse (7–0)Syracuse (8–0)Georgia (7–2)Clemson (9–1)South Carolina (8–2)South Carolina (8–2)Michigan State (8–2–1)Michigan State (9–2–1)8.
9. ClemsonMichigan (0–0)Notre Dame (1–0)Clemson (3–0)Ohio State (2–0–1)Ohio State (3–0–1)UCLA (4–1)Syracuse (6–0)Notre Dame (5–1)Notre Dame (6–1)Clemson (8–1)LSU (8–1–1)Michigan State (8–2–1)Michigan State (8–2–1)South Carolina (8–3)UCLA (10–2)9.
10. Miami (FL)Clemson (1–0)Washington (2–0)Arkansas (2–0)Tennessee (3–0–1)Tennessee (4–0–1)Penn State (5–1)Notre Dame (4–1)Florida (5–2)Clemson (7–1)LSU (7–1–1)Auburn (8–1–1)Notre Dame (8–2)UCLA (9–2)UCLA (9–2)Texas A&M (10–2)10.
11. Penn State (1)Penn State (1–0)Alabama (2–0)Tennessee (3–0)UCLA (3–1)UCLA (4–1)Notre Dame (3–1)Florida (5–2)Indiana (6–1)Georgia (6–2)Alabama (7–2)Michigan State (7–2–1)UCLA (9–2)Oklahoma State (9–2)Oklahoma State (9–2)Oklahoma State (10–2)11.
12. ArkansasWashington (1–0)Arkansas (1–0)Arizona State (2–0)Michigan (2–1)Michigan (3–1)Oklahoma State (5–0)Georgia (5–2)Georgia (6–2)Oklahoma State (7–1)Auburn (7–1–1)South Carolina (7–2)Oklahoma State (9–2)Notre Dame (8–3)Notre Dame (8–3)Clemson (10–2)12.
13. WashingtonArkansas (0–0)UCLA (1–1)UCLA (2–1)Arizona State (2–1)Arizona State (3–1)Syracuse (5–0)Tennessee (4–1–1)Tennessee (5–1–1)Alabama (6–2)Michigan State (6–2–1)Oklahoma State (8–2)Clemson (9–2)Clemson (9–2)Texas A&M (9–2)Georgia (9–3)13.
14. Arizona StateTennessee (2–0)Tennessee (3–0)Michigan (1–1)Penn State (3–1)Penn State (4–1)Florida (4–2)Michigan State (4–2)Clemson (6–1)South Carolina (6–2)South Carolina (6–2)Georgia (7–3)Georgia (7–3)Georgia (8–3)Clemson (9–2)Tennessee (10–2–1)14.
15. Texas A&MArizona State (0–0)Arizona State (1–0)Penn State (2–1)Texas A&M (2–1)Alabama (4–1)Arkansas (4–1)Indiana (5–1)Ohio State (5–1–1)Michigan State (5–2–1)Penn State (7–2)Tennessee (7–2–1)Texas A&M (8–2)Texas A&M (9–2)Georgia (8–3)South Carolina (8–4)15.
16. IowaNotre Dame (0–0)Pittsburgh (2–0)Texas A&M (1–1)Washington (3–1)Georgia (4–1) Oregon (4–1)Ohio State (4–1–1)Alabama (5–2)Penn State (6–2)Indiana (7–2)Texas A&M (7–2)Tennessee (8–2–1)Tennessee (9–2–1)USC (8–3)Iowa (10–3)16.
17. Tennessee Michigan State (1–0)Michigan State (1–0)Alabama (2–1)Alabama (3–1) т Syracuse (5–0)Ohio State (3–1–1)Alabama (5–2)Oklahoma State (6–1)Florida (5–3)Oklahoma State (7–2)Alabama (7–3)USC (8–3)USC (8–3)Tennessee (9–2–1)Notre Dame (8–4)17.
18. Notre Dame Pittsburgh (1–0)Georgia (2–0)Washington (2–1)Iowa (3–1) тFlorida (3–2)Georgia (4–2)Penn State (5–2)Penn State (5–2)Indiana (6–2)Tennessee (6–2–1)Iowa (8–3)Alabama (7–3)Iowa (9–3)Iowa (9–3)USC (8–4)18.
19. USC Alabama (1–0)Michigan (0–1)Iowa (2–1)Florida (3–1) Oklahoma State (4–0)Michigan State (3–2)Oklahoma State (5–1) South Carolina (5–2)Tennessee (5–2–1)Texas A&M (6–2)Pittsburgh (7–3)Iowa (9–3)Pittsburgh (8–3)Pittsburgh (8–3)Michigan (8–4)19.
20. Florida т
Georgia т
Georgia (1–0)Penn State (1–1)Georgia (2–1)Georgia (3–1)Arkansas (3–1) Indiana (4–1)Michigan (4–2)Michigan State (4–2–1)Texas A&M (6–2)Arkansas (7–2)Indiana (7–3)Pittsburgh (8–3)Penn State (8–3)Penn State (8–3)Arizona State (7–4–1)20.
Preseason
Aug 28 [1]
Week 1
Sep 8 [2]
Week 2
Sep 15 [3]
Week 3
Sep 22 [4]
Week 4
Sep 29 [5]
Week 5
Oct 6 [6]
Week 6
Oct 13 [7]
Week 7
Oct 20 [8]
Week 8
Oct 27 [9]
Week 9
Nov 3 [10]
Week 10
Nov 10 [11]
Week 11
Nov 17 [12]
Week 12
Nov 24 [13]
Week 13
Dec 1 [14]
Week 14
Dec 8 [15]
Week 15 (Final)
Jan 3 [16]
Dropped:
  • Texas A&M
  • Iowa
  • USC
  • Florida
NoneDropped:
  • Pittsburgh
  • Michigan State
Dropped:
  • Arkansas
Dropped:
  • Texas A&M
  • Washington
  • Iowa
Dropped:
  • Michigan
  • Arizona State
  • Alabama
Dropped:
  • Arkansas
  • Oregon
Dropped:
  • Michigan
Dropped:
  • Ohio State
Dropped:
  • Florida
Dropped:
  • Penn State
  • Arkansas
Dropped:
  • Indiana
Dropped:
  • Alabama
NoneDropped:
  • Pittsburgh
  • Penn State

Coaches Poll

Preseason
Aug 30 [17]
Week 1
Sep 8 [18]
Week 2
Sep 15 [19]
Week 3
Sep 22 [20]
Week 4
Sep 29 [21]
Week 5
Oct 6 [22]
Week 6
Oct 13 [23]
Week 7
Oct 20 [24]
Week 8
Oct 27 [25]
Week 9
Nov 3 [26]
Week 10
Nov 10 [27]
Week 11
Nov 17 [28]
Week 12
Nov 24 [29]
Week 13
Dec 1 [30]
Week 14
Dec 8 [31]
Week 15 (Final)
Jan 3 [32]
1. OklahomaOklahoma (1–0) (44)Oklahoma (2–0) (45)Oklahoma (2–0) (45)Oklahoma (3–0) (46)Oklahoma (4–0) (45)Oklahoma (5–0) (43)Oklahoma (6–0) (45)Oklahoma (7–0) (43)Oklahoma (8–0) (43)Oklahoma (9–0) (38)Nebraska (9–0) (21)Oklahoma (11–0) (48)Oklahoma (11–0) (41)Oklahoma (11–0) (41)Miami (FL) (12–0) (47)1.
2. NebraskaNebraska (1–0) (1)Nebraska (2–0) (5)Nebraska (2–0) (4)Nebraska (3–0) (3)Nebraska (4–0) (1)Nebraska (5–0) (2)Nebraska (6–0) (3)Nebraska (7–0) (6)Nebraska (8–0) (5)Nebraska (9–0) (10)Oklahoma (10–0) (27)Miami (FL) (9–0) (2)Miami (FL) (10–0) (5)Miami (FL) (11–0) (8)Florida State (11–1)2.
3. Ohio StateUCLA (1–0) (1)Auburn (2–0)Auburn (2–0)Miami (FL) (2–0) (1)Miami (FL) (3–0) (4)Miami (FL) (4–0) (5)Miami (FL) (4–0) (2)Miami (FL) (5–0) (1)Miami (FL) (6–0) (1)Miami (FL) (7–0) (1)Miami (FL) (8–0) (1)Florida State (9–1)Florida State (10–1)Florida State (10–1)Oklahoma (11–1)3.
4. UCLAAuburn (1–0)Ohio State (1–0)LSU (3–0)Florida State (4–0)Notre Dame (3–0)Auburn (4–0–1)LSU (6–0–1)LSU (6–0–1)Florida State (7–1)Florida State (8–1)Florida State (9–1)Syracuse (11–0)Syracuse (11–0)Syracuse (11–0) (1)Syracuse (11–0–1)4.
5. AuburnOhio State (0–0) (1)LSU (2–0)Ohio State (2–0)Notre Dame (3–0)Auburn (3–0–1)LSU (5–0–1)Florida State (6–1)Florida State (6–1)LSU (7–0–1)UCLA (8–1)UCLA (9–1)Nebraska (9–1)Nebraska (10–1)Nebraska (10–1)LSU (10–1–1)5.
6. MichiganLSU (1–0) (1)Miami (FL) (1–0)Notre Dame (2–0)Auburn (2–0–1)LSU (4–0–1)Clemson (5–0)Auburn (5–0–1)Auburn (6–0–1)Auburn (7–0–1)Syracuse (9–0)Syracuse (10–0) (1)Auburn (8–1–1)Auburn (9–1–1)Auburn (9–1–1)Nebraska (10–2)6.
7. Penn StateMiami (FL) (1–0) (1)Florida State (2–0)Miami (FL) (1–0) (1)Clemson (4–0)Clemson (4–0)Florida State (5–1)Clemson (6–0)UCLA (6–1)UCLA (7–1)Notre Dame (7–1)Notre Dame (8–1)LSU (9–1–1)LSU (9–1–1)LSU (9–1–1)Auburn (9–1–2)7.
8. Arizona StateMichigan (0–0)Clemson (2–0)Florida State (3–0)LSU (3–0–1)Florida State (4–1)Tennessee (4–0–1)UCLA (5–1)Syracuse (7–0)Syracuse (8–0) (1)Georgia (7–2)Clemson (9–1)Michigan State (8–2–1)Michigan State (8–2–1)Michigan State (8–2–1)Michigan State (9–2–1)8.
9. Miami (FL)Penn State (1–0) (1)Notre Dame (1–0)Clemson (3–0)Ohio State (2–0–1)Ohio State (3–0–1)UCLA (4–1)Syracuse (6–0)Notre Dame (5–1)Notre Dame (6–1)Clemson (8–1)Auburn (8–1–1)South Carolina (8–2)South Carolina (8–2)South Carolina (8–3)Texas A&M (10–2)9.
10. Texas A&M тClemson (1–0)Alabama (2–0)Arkansas (2–0)Tennessee (3–0)Tennessee (4–0–1)Penn State (5–1)Notre Dame (4–1)Indiana (6–1)Clemson (7–1)Alabama (7–2)LSU (8–1–1)UCLA (9–2)Oklahoma State (9–2)UCLA (9–2)Clemson (10–2)10.
11. LSU тFlorida State (1–0)Arkansas (1–0)Tennessee (3–0)UCLA (3–1)UCLA (4–1)Syracuse (5–0)Florida (5–2)Florida (5–2)Georgia (6–2)LSU (7–1–1)Michigan State (7–2–1)Notre Dame (8–2)UCLA (9–2)Oklahoma State (9–2)UCLA (10–2)11.
12. ArkansasArkansas (0–0)Washington (2–0)Arizona State (2–0)Penn State (3–1)Michigan (3–1)Oklahoma State (5–0) Indiana (5–1)Clemson (6–1)Oklahoma State (7–1)Auburn (7–1–1)South Carolina (7–2)Oklahoma State (9–2)Texas A&M (9–2)Clemson (9–2)Oklahoma State (10–2)12.
13. ClemsonWashington (1–0)Tennessee (3–0)UCLA (2–1)Arizona State (2–1)Arizona State (3–1)Notre Dame (3–1)Georgia (5–2)Tennessee (5–1–1)Michigan State (5–2–1)Michigan State (6–2–1)Oklahoma State (8–2)Clemson (9–2)Clemson (9–2)Texas A&M (9–2)Tennessee (10–2–1)13.
14. Florida StateArizona State (0–0)Arizona State (1–0) тPenn State (2–1)Michigan (2–1)Penn State (4–1)Florida (4–2)Ohio State (4–1–1)Georgia (6–2)South Carolina (6–2)South Carolina (6–2)Texas A&M (7–2)USC (8–3)Georgia (8–3)Notre Dame (8–3)Georgia (9–3)14.
15. WashingtonTennessee (2–0)UCLA (1–1) тFlorida (2–1)Georgia (3–1)Georgia (4–1)Arkansas (4–1)Michigan State (4–2)Ohio State (5–1–1)Alabama (6–2)Indiana (7–2)Tennessee (7–2–1)Texas A&M (8–2)Notre Dame (8–3)Georgia (8–3)South Carolina (8–4)15.
16. Notre DameNotre Dame (0–0)Pittsburgh (2–0)Michigan (1–1)Washington (3–1)Syracuse (5–0)Ohio State (3–1–1)Tennessee (4–1–1)Oklahoma State (6–1)Penn State (6–2)Penn State (7–2)Georgia (7–3)Tennessee (8–2–1)USC (8–3)Tennessee (9–2–1)Iowa (10–3)16.
17. TennesseeAlabama (1–0) Georgia (2–0)Texas A&M (1–1)Syracuse (4–0)Alabama (4–1)Georgia (4–2)Michigan (4–2)Alabama (5–2)Indiana (6–2)Oklahoma State (7–2)Pittsburgh (7–3)Georgia (7–3)Tennessee (9–2–1)USC (8–3)USC (8–4)17.
18. Iowa Pittsburgh (1–0) Michigan State (1–0) Syracuse (3–0)Florida (3–1)Oklahoma State (4–0) Oregon (4–1)Alabama (5–2)Michigan State (4–2–1)Florida (5–3)Arkansas (7–2)USC (7–3)Penn State (8–3)Pittsburgh (8–3)Pittsburgh (8–3)Michigan (8–4)18.
19. Alabama North Carolina (1–0) Boston College (2–0)Georgia (2–1)Alabama (3–1)Florida (3–2) Minnesota (5–0)Oklahoma State (5–1)South Carolina (5–2)Arkansas (6–2)Tennessee (6–2–1)Alabama (7–3)Pittsburgh (8–3)Penn State (8–3)Penn State (8–3) Texas (7–5)19.
20. Florida USC (0–0)Penn State (1–1)Washington (2–1)
USC (3–1)Michigan State (3–2) South Carolina (4–2)Arkansas (5–2)Tennessee (5–2–1)Texas A&M (6–2)Iowa (8–3)Indiana (8–3)
  • Indiana (8–3)
  • Iowa (9–3)
Indiana (8–3)Indiana (8–4)20.
Preseason
Aug 30 [17]
Week 1
Sep 8 [18]
Week 2
Sep 15 [19]
Week 3
Sep 22 [20]
Week 4
Sep 29 [21]
Week 5
Oct 6 [22]
Week 6
Oct 13 [23]
Week 7
Oct 20 [24]
Week 8
Oct 27 [25]
Week 9
Nov 3 [26]
Week 10
Nov 10 [27]
Week 11
Nov 17 [28]
Week 12
Nov 24 [29]
Week 13
Dec 1 [30]
Week 14
Dec 8 [31]
Week 15 (Final)
Jan 3 [32]
Dropped:
  • Texas A&M
  • Iowa
  • Florida
Dropped:
  • Michigan
  • North Carolina
  • USC
Dropped:
  • Alabama
  • Pittsburgh
  • Michigan State
  • Boston College
Dropped:
  • Arkansas
Dropped:
  • Washington
  • Texas A&M
Dropped:
  • Michigan
  • Arizona State
  • Alabama
  • USC
Dropped:
  • Penn State
  • Arkansas
  • Oregon
  • Minnesota
Dropped:
  • Michigan
Dropped:
  • Ohio State
Dropped:
  • Florida
Dropped:
  • Indiana
  • Penn State
  • Arkansas
Dropped:
  • Alabama
  • Iowa
NoneDropped:
  • Iowa
Dropped:
  • Notre Dame
  • Pittsburgh
  • Penn State

References

  1. ^ "1987 Preseason AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
  2. ^ "September 8, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  3. ^ "September 15, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  4. ^ "September 22, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  5. ^ "September 29, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  6. ^ "October 6, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  7. ^ "October 13, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  8. ^ "October 20, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  9. ^ "October 27, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  10. ^ "November 3, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  11. ^ "November 10, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  12. ^ "November 17, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  13. ^ "November 24, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  14. ^ "December 1, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  15. ^ "December 8, 1987 AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  16. ^ "1987 Final AP Football Poll". College Poll Archive. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
  17. ^ "War between the state – Coaches' UPI". Florida Today (Cocoa, FL). August 30, 1987. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  18. ^ "Michigan drops to 8th in UPI Poll". Detroit Free Press. September 8, 1987. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  19. ^ "The United Press International Board of Coaches' Top 20 college football ratings". The Republic (Columbus, IN). September 15, 1987. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  20. ^ "Syracuse Cracks Top 20 List; Okla. Secure In No. 1". Tyrone Daily Herald (Tyrone, PA). September 22, 1987. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  21. ^ "Miami, Florida St., Irish move up". Detroit Free Press. September 29, 1987. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  22. ^ "Unbeatens Secure Top 4 Spots in UPI Ratings". Tyrone Daily Herald (Tyrone, PA). October 6, 1987. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  23. ^ "UPI Coaches Poll". Indianapolis Star. October 14, 1987. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
  24. ^ "UPI COACHES TOP 20". Arizona Republic. October 21, 1987. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
  25. ^ "Four Perfect Teams Head UPI Grid Rankings". Tyrone Daily Herald (Tyrone, PA). October 27, 1987. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  26. ^ "UPI COACHES TOP 20". Arizona Republic. November 4, 1987. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
  27. ^ "UPI Top 20". Detroit Free Press. November 10, 1987. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
  28. ^ "UPI Top 20". Detroit Free Press. November 18, 1987. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
  29. ^ "MSU 8th; six on Big Ten teams". Detroit Free Press. November 24, 1987. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  30. ^ "Okla., Miami Stay On Course". Tyrone Daily Herald (Tyrone, PA). December 1, 1987. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  31. ^ "UPI COACHES TOP 20". Arizona Republic. December 8, 1987. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
  32. ^ "Miami, Florida State finish 1–2 in polls; MSU stays eighth". Detroit Free-Press. January 4, 1988. Retrieved January 3, 2017.