^Sheila Fitzpatrick, Education and Social Mobility in the Soviet Union 1921-1934, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979, p. 31, 88, 128, 132, 193.
^Jonathan Smele,The Russian Revolution and Civil War 1917-1921: An Annotated Bibliography, London: Continuum, 2003, p. 143, 155, 378, 391, 428, 518.
^Fitzpatrick, Sheila. 1999. Everyday Stalinism: Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times: Soviet Russia in the 1930s. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 23.
^Voline, The Unknown Revolution, 1917-1921, New York: Black Rose Books, 1990, p. 481.
^Martin Mccauley, The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union, New York: Routledge, 2013, reprint, p. 52-53, 58, 60, 62, 64, 88-90, 91, 118, 123, 131, 482, 484, 488.
^The Russian Revolution and the Soviet State 1917–1921: Documents, ed. Martin McCauley, London: MacMillan Press, 1980, reprint, p. xxii, xxx, 13, 19, 21, 63, 66, 68, 113, 116, 179, 311.
^L.S. Srivastava and V.P. Joshi, "International Relations: From 1914 to the Present Day", India: Goel Publishing House, 2005, Ninth Edition, p. 148.
^Martin Mccauley, The Soviet Union 1917-1991, New York: Routledge, 1993, Second Edition, p. 40.
^Islamic Education in the Soviet Union and Its Successor States, ed. Michael Kemper, Raoul Motika, and
Stefan Reichmuth, New York: Routledge, 2010, p. 80.
^Simon Pirani, The Russian Revolution in Retreat, 1920–24: Soviet Workers and the New Communist Elite, New York: Routledge, 2008, p. 8
^Allan Todd, History for the IB Diploma Paper 3: The Soviet Union and Post-Soviet Russia (1924-2000), Second Edition, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2016, p. 220.
^Allan Todd, History for the IB Diploma: Communism in Crisis 1976-89, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2012, p. 100
^Guide to the Boris I. Nicolaevsky Collection in the Hoover Institution Archives Part I, compiled by Anna M. Bourguina and Michael Jakobson, Stanford University: Hoover Institution, 1989, p. 7, 9, 14.
^Simon Pirani, The Russian Revolution in Retreat, 1920–24: Soviet Workers and the New Communist Elite, New York: Routledge, 2008, p. 8, 40, 51, 69, 85-86, 93, 96-102, 119.
^A Dream Deferred: New Studies in Russian and Soviet Labour History, ed. Donald A. Filtzer, Wendy Z. Goldman, Gijs Kessler, and Simon Pirani, Bern: Peter Lang, 2008, p. 96, 115-116, 488.