From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
List of events
Events from the year 1917 in the United States
Incumbents
Federal government
Governors and
lieutenant governors
Governors
Governor of Alabama :
Charles Henderson (
Democratic )
Governor of Arizona :
Governor of Arkansas :
George Washington Hays (
Democratic ) (until January 10),
Charles Hillman Brough (
Democratic ) (starting January 10)
Governor of California :
Hiram Johnson (
Republican ) (until March 15),
William Stephens (
Republican ) (starting March 15)
Governor of Colorado :
George Alfred Carlson (
Republican ) (until January 9),
Julius Caldeen Gunter (
Democratic ) (starting January 9)
Governor of Connecticut :
Marcus H. Holcomb (
Republican )
Governor of Delaware :
Charles R. Miller (
Republican ) (until January 16),
John G. Townsend, Jr. (
Republican ) (starting January 16)
Governor of Florida :
Park Trammell (
Democratic ) (until January 2),
Sidney Johnston Catts (
Prohibition ) (starting January 2)
Governor of Georgia :
Nathaniel E. Harris (
Democratic ) (until June 30),
Hugh M. Dorsey (
Democratic ) (starting June 30)
Governor of Idaho :
Moses Alexander (
Democratic )
Governor of Illinois :
Edward F. Dunne (
Democratic ) (until January 8),
Frank O. Lowden (
Republican ) (starting January 8)
Governor of Indiana :
Samuel M. Ralston (
Democratic ) (until January 8),
James P. Goodrich (
Republican ) (starting January 8)
Governor of Iowa :
George W. Clarke (
Republican ) (until January 11),
William L. Harding (
Republican ) (starting January 11)
Governor of Kansas :
Arthur Capper (
Republican )
Governor of Kentucky :
Augustus O. Stanley (
Democratic )
Governor of Louisiana :
Ruffin G. Pleasant (
Democratic )
Governor of Maine :
Oakley C. Curtis (
Democratic ) (until January 3),
Carl E. Milliken (
Republican ) (starting January 3)
Governor of Maryland :
Emerson C. Harrington (
Democratic )
Governor of Massachusetts :
Samuel W. McCall (
Republican )
Governor of Michigan :
Woodbridge N. Ferris (
Democratic ) (until January 1),
Albert Sleeper (
Republican ) (starting January 1)
Governor of Minnesota :
J. A. A. Burnquist (
Republican )
Governor of Mississippi :
Theodore G. Bilbo (
Democratic )
Governor of Missouri :
Elliot Woolfolk Major (
Democratic ) (until January 8),
Frederick D. Gardner (
Democratic ) (starting January 8)
Governor of Montana :
Sam V. Stewart (
Democratic )
Governor of Nebraska :
John H. Morehead (
Democratic ) (until January 4),
Keith Neville (
Democratic ) (starting January 4)
Governor of Nevada :
Emmet D. Boyle (
Democratic )
Governor of New Hampshire :
Rolland H. Spaulding (
Republican ) (until January 2),
Henry W. Keyes (
Republican ) (starting January 2)
Governor of New Jersey :
James Fairman Fielder (
Democratic ) (until January 16),
Walter Evans Edge (
Republican ) (starting January 16)
Governor of New Mexico :
Governor of New York :
Charles S. Whitman (
Republican )
Governor of North Carolina :
Locke Craig (
Democratic ) (until January 11),
Thomas Walter Bickett (
Democratic ) (starting January 11)
Governor of North Dakota :
L. B. Hanna (
Republican ) (until January 3),
Lynn Frazier (
Republican ) (starting January 3)
Governor of Ohio :
Frank B. Willis (
Democratic ) (until January 8),
James M. Cox (
Democratic ) (starting January 8)
Governor of Oklahoma :
Robert L. Williams (
Democratic )
Governor of Oregon :
James Withycombe (
Republican )
Governor of Pennsylvania :
Martin Grove Brumbaugh (
Republican )
Governor of Rhode Island :
R. Livingston Beeckman (
Republican )
Governor of South Carolina :
Richard Irvine Manning III (
Democratic )
Governor of South Dakota :
Frank M. Byrne (
Republican ) (until January 2),
Peter Norbeck (
Republican ) (starting January 2)
Governor of Tennessee :
Tom C. Rye (
Democratic )
Governor of Texas :
James E. Ferguson (
Democratic ) (until August 25),
William P. Hobby (
Democratic ) (starting August 25)
Governor of Utah :
William Spry (
Republican ) (until January 1),
Simon Bamberger (
Democratic ) (starting January 1)
Governor of Vermont :
Charles W. Gates (
Republican ) (until January 4),
Horace F. Graham (
Republican ) (starting January 4)
Governor of Virginia :
Henry Carter Stuart (
Democratic )
Governor of Washington :
Ernest Lister (
Democratic )
Governor of West Virginia :
Henry D. Hatfield (
Republican ) (until March 5),
John J. Cornwell (
Democratic ) (starting March 5)
Governor of Wisconsin :
Emanuel L. Philipp (
Republican )
Governor of Wyoming :
John B. Kendrick (
Democratic ) (until February 26),
Frank L. Houx (
Democratic ) (starting February 26)
Lieutenant governors
Lieutenant Governor of Alabama :
Thomas E. Kilby (
Democratic )
Lieutenant Governor of California :
William Stephens (
Republican ) (until March 16), vacant (starting March 16)
Lieutenant Governor of Colorado :
Moses E. Lewis (
Republican ) (until January 12),
James A. Pulliam (
Democratic ) (starting January 12)
Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut :
Clifford B. Wilson (
Republican )
Lieutenant Governor of Delaware :
Colen Ferguson (
Democratic ) (until January 16),
Lewis E. Eliason (
Democratic ) (starting January 16)
Lieutenant Governor of Idaho :
Herman H. Taylor (
Republican ) (until January 1),
Ernest L. Parker (
Democratic ) (starting January 1)
Lieutenant Governor of Illinois :
Barratt O'Hara (
Democratic ) (until January 8),
John G. Oglesby (
Republican ) (starting January 8)
Lieutenant Governor of Indiana :
William P. O'Neill (
Democratic ) (until January 8),
Edgar D. Bush (
Republican ) (starting January 8)
Lieutenant Governor of Iowa :
William L. Harding (
Republican ) (until January 11),
Ernest Robert Moore (
Republican ) (starting January 11)
Lieutenant Governor of Kansas :
William Yoast Morgan (
Republican )
Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky :
James D. Black (
Democratic )
Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana :
Fernand Mouton (
Democratic )
Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts :
Calvin Coolidge (
Republican )
Lieutenant Governor of Michigan :
Luren D. Dickinson (
Republican )
Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota :
George H. Sullivan (
Republican ) (until January 2),
Thomas Frankson (
Republican ) (starting January 2)
Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi :
Lee Maurice Russell (
Democratic )
Lieutenant Governor of Missouri :
William Rock Painter (
Democratic ) (until January 8),
Wallace Crossley (
Democratic ) (starting January 8)
Lieutenant Governor of Montana :
W. W. McDowell (political party unknown)
Lieutenant Governor of Nebraska :
James Pearson (
Democratic ) (until January 4),
Edgar Howard (
Democratic ) (starting January 4)
Lieutenant Governor of Nevada :
Maurice J. Sullivan (
Democratic )
Lieutenant Governor of New Mexico :
Lieutenant Governor of New York :
Edward Schoeneck (
Republican )
Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina :
Elijah L. Daughtridge (
Democratic ) (until January 11),
Oliver Max Gardner (
Democratic ) (starting January 11)
Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota :
John H. Fraine (
Republican ) (until January 3),
Anton T. Kraabel (
Republican ) (starting January 3)
Lieutenant Governor of Ohio :
John H. Arnold (
Republican ) (until January 8),
Earl D. Bloom (
Democratic ) (starting January 8)
Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma :
Martin E. Trapp (
Democratic )
Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania :
Frank B. McClain (
Republican )
Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island :
Emery J. San Souci (
Republican )
Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina : Andrew Bethea (
Democratic )
Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota :
Peter Norbeck (
Republican ) (until January 2),
William H. McMaster (
Republican ) (starting January 2)
Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee :
Albert E. Hill (
Democratic ) (until month and day unknown), W. R. Crabtree (
Democratic ) (starting month and day unknown)
Lieutenant Governor of Texas :
William P. Hobby (
Democratic ) (until August 25), vacant (starting August 25)
Lieutenant Governor of Vermont :
Hale K. Darling (
Republican ) (until January 4),
Roger W. Hulburd (
Republican ) (starting January 4)
Lieutenant Governor of Virginia :
James Taylor Ellyson (
Democratic )
Lieutenant Governor of Washington :
Louis Folwell Hart (
Republican )
Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin :
Edward F. Dithmar (
Republican )
Events
January–March
President Wilson before Congress, announcing the break in the official relations with Germany
February 24: The
Zimmermann Telegram is shown to the U.S. government.
January 1 – The
University of Oregon defeats the
University of Pennsylvania 14–0 in
college football 's 3rd Annual
Rose Bowl .
January 10 – The
Silent Sentinels begin their protest in favor of
women's suffrage in front of the
White House .
January 11 – German saboteurs set off the
Kingsland Explosion at Kingsland, New Jersey (modern-day
Lyndhurst ), one of the events leading to U.S. involvement in
World War I .
January 22 –
World War I :
President
Woodrow Wilson calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.
January 25
The
Danish West Indies is sold to the United States for $25 million.
An anti-
prostitution drive in
San Francisco attracts huge crowds to public meetings. At one meeting attended by 7,000 people, 20,000 are kept out for lack of room. In a conference with Rev. Paul Smith, an outspoken foe of prostitution, 300 prostitutes make a plea for toleration, explaining they had been forced into the practice by poverty. When Smith asks if they will take other work at $8 to $10 a week, the ladies laugh derisively, which loses them public sympathy. The police close about 200 houses of prostitution shortly thereafter.
[1]
January 28 – The United States ends its search for
Pancho Villa .
January 30 –
Pershing 's troops in Mexico begin withdrawing back to the United States. They reach
Columbus, New Mexico February 5.
February 3 –
World War I : The United States breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany.
February 5
February 17 –
New York City Food Riot of 1917
February 24 –
World War I : United States ambassador to the United Kingdom, Walter H. Page, is shown the intercepted
Zimmermann Telegram , in which Germany offers to give Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico back to Mexico if Mexico declares war on the United States.
March 1 – The U.S. government releases the
plaintext of the
Zimmermann Telegram to the public.
March 2 – The enactment of the
Jones Act grants
Puerto Ricans United States citizenship.
March 4
March 7 – "
Livery Stable Blues ", recorded with "Dixie Jazz Band One Step" on February 26 by the
Original Dixieland Jazz Band , becomes the first
jazz recording commercially released. On August 17 the band records "
Tiger Rag ".
March 8 – The
United States Senate adopts the
cloture rule in order to limit
filibusters .
March 26 – The
Seattle Metropolitans become the first team based in the United States to win the
Stanley Cup .
March 31 – The United States takes possession of the Danish West Indies, which become the
US Virgin Islands , after paying $25 million to Denmark.
April–June
July–September
October–December
October 12 – The first regiment is stationed at the newly commissioned Naval Operating Base in Norfolk, VA.
[6]
October 19 –
Dallas Love Field opens as an airfield in Texas.
November 7 –
Women's suffrage in the United States : Women win the right to vote in New York State.
[7]
November 14 –
Night of Terror : The superintendent of the
Occoquan Workhouse in
Virginia orders the guards to brutalize the
suffragist inmates.
November 17 –
Action of 17 November 1917 :
United States Navy
destroyers
USS Fanning and
USS Nicholson capture
Imperial German Navy
U-boat
SM U-58 off the south-west coast of Ireland, the first combat action in which U.S. ships take a
submarine (which is then
scuttled ).
November 24 – In
Milwaukee ,
Wisconsin , 9 members of the
Milwaukee Police Department are killed by a bomb, the most fatal single event in U.S. police history until the
September 11, 2001 attacks .
December 1–31 – A severe
cold wave in
Interior Alaska produces the coldest recorded mean monthly temperatures in the United States.
Fort Yukon averages −48.3 °F or −44.6 °C and
Eagle −46 °F or −43.3 °C.
[8]
December 6 –
U.S. Navy
destroyer
USS Jacob Jones is torpedoed and sunk in the
Atlantic Ocean by German submarine
U-53 , killing 66 crew in the first significant American naval loss of the war.
[9]
December 7 –
World War I : The United States
declares war on Austria-Hungary .
December 20 –
Shepherdsville train wreck kills 49 and injuries 52 people. It becomes the deadliest train wreck in Kentucky history.
December 25 –
Why Marry? , the first dramatic play to win a
Pulitzer Prize , opens at the
Astor Theatre in New York City.
December 26 – United States president
Woodrow Wilson uses the Federal Possession and Control Act to place most U.S.
railroads under the
United States Railroad Administration , with the aim of transporting troops and materials for the war effort more efficiently.
Undated
George Drumm writes the concert march "
Hail, America " in New York City.
The calendar year is the coolest averaged over the contiguous United States in mean temperature (average of 50.06 °F or 10.03 °C against a long-term average of 51.86 °F or 11.03 °C)
[10] and minimum temperature (37.62 °F or 3.12 °C against a long-term average of 39.84 °F or 4.36 °C).
[11] it is also the second-driest with a coast-to-coast average precipitation of 25.35 inches or 643.9 millimetres against a long-term mean of 29.57 inches or 751.1 millimetres.
[12]
Ongoing
Births
John F. Kennedy
January–February
January 1
January 3
January 5
January 10 –
Jerry Wexler , record producer (died
2008 )
January 11 –
Henry Morgenthau III , author and television producer (died
2018 )
January 12 –
Jimmy Skinner , ice hockey coach (
Detroit Red Wings ) (died 2007)
January 16 –
Carl Karcher , businessman, founder of the Carl's Jr. hamburger chain (died 2008)
January 24 –
Ernest Borgnine , film actor (died
2012 )
January 26
January 29
February 6 –
Arnold Spielberg , electrical engineer and father of
Steven Spielberg (died
2020 )
February 11 –
Sidney Sheldon , author and television writer (died 2007)
February 12 –
Dom DiMaggio , baseball player (died
2009 )
February 14 –
Herbert A. Hauptman , mathematician, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1985 (died
2011 )
February 15 –
Meg Wyllie , actress (died
2002 )
February 19 –
Carson McCullers , author (died
1967 )
February 20
February 22 –
Reed Crandall , illustrator (died
1982 )
February 25 –
Brenda Joyce , film actress (died 2009)
February 26 –
Robert Taft Jr. , American politician (died
1993 )
February 27 –
John Connally , Governor of Texas from 1963 to 1969 (died
1993 )
February 28 –
Bentley Kassal , attorney (died 2019)
March–April
March 1 –
Robert Lowell , poet (died
1997 )
March 4 –
Clyde McCullough , baseball catcher (died
1982 )
March 8 –
George H. Gay Jr. , United States Navy officer (died
1994 )
March 10 –
Edith Iglauer , writer (died 2019)
March 11 –
James Megellas , United States Army officer (died
2020 )
March 12 –
Milton Resnick , painter (died 2004)
March 19 –
Peggy Ahern , actress (died
2012 )
March 21 –
Anton Coppola , orchestra conductor and composer (died 2020)
March 23 –
Kenneth Tobey , actor (died
2002 )
March 26 –
Rufus Thomas , African American R&B singer (died
2001 )
March 27 –
Cyrus Vance ,
U.S. Secretary of State from 1977 to 1980 (died
2002 )
March 29 –
Man o' War , racehorse (died
1947 )
April 1
April 2 –
Dabbs Greer , actor (died
2007 )
April 5 –
Robert Bloch , author (died
1994 )
April 7 –
R. G. Armstrong , Western film character actor (died 2012)
April 8 –
John Whitney , animator, composer, and pioneer in
computer animation (died
1995 )
April 10 –
Robert B. Woodward , organic chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1965 (died
1979 )
April 12 –
Helen Forrest , big band singer (died
1999 )
April 13
Robert O. Anderson , businessman, founder of Atlantic Richfield Oil Co. (died 2007)
Bill Clements , Governor of Texas from 1979 to 1983 and 1987 to 1991 (died 2011)
April 14 –
Marvin Miller , baseball executive (died 2012)
April 15 –
Curtis Blake , businessman and philanthropist (died 2019)
April 22 –
Ambrose Schindler , American football player, actor (died
2018 )
April 23 –
Dorian Leigh , model (died 2008)
April 25 –
Ella Fitzgerald , African American jazz singer (died
1996 )
[15]
April 26 –
Virgil Trucks , baseball player (died 2013)
April 28 –
Robert Cornthwaite , character actor (died 2006)
April 29
April 30 –
Bea Wain , big band singer (died 2017)
May
June
June 1 –
William S. Knowles , chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2001 (died 2012)
[16]
June 2 –
Max Showalter (Casey Adams), actor (died
2000 )
June 3 –
Leo Gorcey , actor (died
1969 )
June 4
June 6 –
Kirk Kerkorian , businessman (died 2015)
June 7
June 8 –
George D. Wallace , actor (died
2005 )
June 10
June 11 –
Joseph B. Wirthlin , businessman and religious leader (died
2008 )
June 15
John Fenn , analytical chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2002 (died 2010)
Lash LaRue , Western film actor (died 1996)
June 16
June 17 –
Ben Bubar , presidential candidate (died 1995)
June 18 –
Ross Elliott , character actor (died 1999)
June 19
June 24 –
Lucy Jarvis , television producer (died 2020)
June 28 –
A. E. Hotchner , writer (died
2020 )
June 30
July
August–September
August 3 –
Les Elgart , bandleader (died
1995 )
August 6 –
Robert Mitchum , actor (died 1997)
August 10 –
Morgan Porteus , clergyman (died 2019)
August 11
August 12
August 14 –
Marty Glickman , sports announcer (died 2001)
August 17 –
Walter Brown , blues shouter (died
1956 )
August 18
August 21 –
Esther Cooper Jackson , African American civil rights activist (died
2022 )
[19]
August 22
August 23
August 24 –
Dennis James , game show host (died
1997 )
[20]
August 25 –
Mel Ferrer , film actor, director and producer (died 2008)
August 28 –
Jack Kirby , comic book artist (died
1994 )
August 29 –
Isabel Sanford , African American television actress (died 2004)
September 5 –
Art Rupe , record producer (died
2022 )
[21]
September 11 –
Donald Blakeslee , aviator (died 2008)
September 13 –
Robert Ward , composer (died 2013)
September 15
September 18 –
June Foray , voice actress best known for "Rocky and Bullwinkle" (died
2017 )
[22]
September 20 –
Red Auerbach , basketball coach and official (died 2006)
September 25 –
Johnny Sain , baseball player (died 2006)
September 27 –
Louis Auchincloss , novelist (died
2010 )
[23]
September 30 –
Buddy Rich ,
jazz drummer (died 1987)
October–November
October 3 –
Les Schwab , businessman (died
2007 )
October 5 –
Allen Ludden , game show host (died
1981 )
October 6 –
Fannie Lou Hamer , African American civil rights activist (died
1977 )
October 7 –
June Allyson , actress (died
2006 )
October 8 –
Danny Murtaugh , baseball player and manager (died
1976 )
October 9 –
Don Marion Davis , child actor (died 2020)
October 10 –
Thelonious Monk , African American jazz pianist and composer considered "one of the giants of American music" (died
1982 )
October 11 –
J. Edward McKinley , character actor (died 2004)
October 13 –
George Osmond , Osmond family patriarch (died 2007)
October 15
October 16 –
Alice Pearce , actress (died
1966 )
October 17 –
Marsha Hunt , actress (died
2022 )
October 21 –
Dizzy Gillespie , African American jazz trumpet player, bandleader, singer and composer (died
1993 )
November 1 –
Clarence E. Miller , politician (died
2011 )
November 4 –
Leonardo Cimino , actor (died
2012 )
November 6 –
Harlan Warde , character actor (died 1980)
November 11 –
Tony F. Schneider , naval officer (died 2010)
November 12 –
Jo Stafford , pop singer (died 2008)
November 13 –
Robert Sterling , actor (died
2006 )
November 20 –
Robert Byrd , U.S. Senator from West Virginia from 1959 to 2010 (died 2010)
November 25 –
Stanley Wilson , incidental music composer (died
1970 )
November 27 –
Buffalo Bob Smith , children's television host (died
1998 )
November 28 –
Orville Rogers , pilot and marathons runner (died 2019)
December
Deaths
January 10 –
Buffalo Bill (William F. Cody), frontiersman, bison hunter and showman (born
1846 )
January 16 –
George Dewey , U.S.
Admiral of the Navy (born
1837 )
January 21 –
Francesca Alexander , illustrator (born
1837 )
February 21 –
Fred Mace , silent film actor (born
1878 )
March 13 –
Samuel Pasco , U.S. Senator from Florida from 1887 to 1899 (born
1834 in the United Kingdom )
March 28 –
Albert Pinkham Ryder , painter (born
1847 )
April 1 –
Scott Joplin , African American ragtime composer and pianist (born 1867–68)
April 8 –
Richard Olney , politician (born
1835 )
April 13 –
Diamond Jim Brady , businessman (born
1856 )
April 23 –
Robert Koehler , painter (born 1850 in Germany)
May 19 –
Alexander Caldwell , U.S. Senator from Kansas from 1871 to 1873 (born
1830 )
May 29 –
Kate Harrington , teacher, writer and poet (born
1831 )
June 14 –
Thomas W. Benoist , aviation pioneer (born
1874 )
July 28 –
Stephen Luce , admiral (born
1827 )
August 15 –
Martha Capps Oliver , poet and hymnwriter (born
1845 )
[24]
August 17 –
John W. Kern , U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1911 to 1917 (born
1849 )
October 13 –
Florence La Badie , silent film actress (automobile accident; born
1888 )
November 3 –
Frederick Rodgers , admiral (born
1842 )
November 15 –
John W. Foster , journalist and politician (born
1836 )
November 23 –
William Ralph Emerson , architect (born
1833 )
December 9 –
Nat M. Wills , vaudeville performer (accidental CO poisoning; born
1873 )
December 12 –
Andrew Taylor Still , "father of osteopathy" (born
1828 )
December 22 –
Frances Xavier Cabrini , religious sister, first American canonized as a saint (born 1850 in Italy)
December 28 –
John Thornton , U.S. Senator from Louisiana from 1910 to 1915 (born 1846)
See also
References
^ MacLaren, Don (1998).
"Prostitute March 1917" . FoundSF . Retrieved 2019-02-05 .
^ Powell, John (2009).
Encyclopedia of North American Immigration . New York: Infobase Publishing. p. 137.
ISBN
978-1-4381-1012-7 .
^ Cyrulik, John M. (2003). A Strategic Examination of the Punitive Expedition Into Mexico, 1916–1917 . US Army Command and General Staff College. pp. 67–68.
^
"Mongolia" .
Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships .
Navy Department ,
Naval History and Heritage Command . Retrieved 2017-04-25 .
^ Venzon, Anne Cipriano, ed. (1995).
United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia . Taylor & Francis.
ISBN
978-1-135-68453-2 .
^ Hampton Roads Naval Historical Foundation (February 2014). Images of America: Naval Station Norfolk . Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. p. 7.
^ "Suffrage Wins by 100,000 in State; Kings by 32,640". Brooklyn Daily Eagle . 1917-11-07. p. 1.
^ Day, Preston C.; ‘Extreme Cold in the Yukon Region’; in ‘The Cold Winter of 1917-18’;
Monthly Weather Review ; 46(12), pp. 571-572
^
Naval History & Heritage Command .
"Jacob Jones " .
DANFS . Retrieved 2009-04-24 .
^
Contiguous U.S. Average Temperature, January to December
^
Contiguous U.S. Minimum Temperature, January to December
^
Contiguous US Precipitation, January to December
^
"The long legacy of the U.S. occupation of Haiti" . Washington Post . Retrieved 19 August 2022 .
^ Chawkins, Steve; Thursby, Keith (3 July 2014).
"Louis Zamperini dies at 97; Olympic track star and WWII hero" . Obituary. Los Angeles Times .
^
"Ella Fitzgerald | Biography, Music, & Facts" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 14 February 2020 .
^
"William Knowles, Nobel Winner in Chemistry, Dies at 95" . The New York Times . June 15, 2012.
^ Baugess, James S.; DeBolt, Abbe Allen (2012). Encyclopedia of the Sixties: A Decade of Culture and Counterculture Volume 1 . Santa Barbara: Greenwood. p. 259.
ISBN
978-0-31332-945-6 .
^
"Susan Hayward | Biography & Facts" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 20 October 2020 .
^
Esther Cooper Jackson, civil rights writer, leader for decades, dies at 105
^ Thomas, Robert McG. Jr. (1997-06-06).
"Dennis James, 79, TV Game Show Host and Announcer, Dies" . The New York Times . Retrieved May 16, 2010 .
^ McArdle, Terence (2022-04-15).
"Art Rupe, record mogul who helped launch Little Richard and Sam Cooke, dies at 104" . The Washington Post . Retrieved 2022-04-16 .
^ Carlson, Michael (July 30, 2017).
"June Foray obituary" .
The Guardian . Retrieved March 19, 2018 .
^ Holcomb B. Noble and Charles McGrath,
Louis Auchincloss, Chronicler of New York's Upper Crust, Dies at 92
The New York Times . Retrieved on January 27, 2010.
^
"Martha W. Capps 27 August 1845 – 15 August 1917 • K637-F1B" . ident.familysearch.org . Retrieved 17 July 2022 .
External links