From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the year 1822. For the book by Laurentino Gomes, see
1822 (book) .
Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1822 .
March 31:
Chios massacre
August 16 : Funeral of
Shelley
1822 (
MDCCCXXII ) was a
common year starting on Tuesday of the
Gregorian calendar and a
common year starting on Sunday of the
Julian calendar , the 1822nd year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 822nd year of the
2nd millennium , the 22nd year of the
19th century , and the 3rd year of the
1820s decade. As of the start of 1822, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
January–March
January 1 – The
Greek Constitution of 1822 is adopted by the
First National Assembly at Epidaurus .
January 3 – The famous French explorer,
Aimé Bonpland , is made prisoner in Paraguay accused of being a spy.
January 7 – The first group of freed slaves from the
United States
arrive on the west coast of Africa , founding
Monrovia on April 25.
January 9 – The Portuguese prince
Pedro I of Brazil decides to stay in Brazil against the orders of the Portuguese King João VI, beginning the Brazilian independence process.
January 13 – The design of the modern-day
flag of Greece is adopted by the
First National Assembly at Epidaurus , for their
naval flag .
January 14 – Greek War of Independence:
Acrocorinth is captured by
Theodoros Kolokotronis and
Demetrios Ypsilantis .
February 6 – Chinese
junk
Tek Sing sinks in the
South China Sea , with the loss of around 1,600 people on board.
February 9 – The
invading
Haitian forces, led by
Jean-Pierre Boyer , arrive in
Santo Domingo , to overthrow the newly founded
Dominican Republic .
February 24 – The first
Swaminarayan temple ,
Kalupur Swaminarayan Mandir at
Ahmedabad in the
British Raj , is inaugurated.
March 19
March 31 –
Greek War of Independence –
Chios massacre : 20,000 Greeks on the island of
Chios are slaughtered by
Ottoman troops, and 23,000 exiled.
[1]
April–June
April 25 – The
American Colonization Society lands at
Cape Mesurado on the West African coast, after purchasing 60 miles (97 km) of coastline. The settlement will soon become
Monrovia , as the nation of
Liberia is established to fill the ACS mission of freeing black American slaves and sending them "back to Africa".
[2]
April 30 – President of the Board of Control in the House of Commons,
George Canning , moves to repeal a law that prohibited Roman Catholic peers from sitting or voting in the
House of Lords ; the motion passes, 235–223, on its second reading, but the House of Lords declines to pass it.
[3]
May 16 –
Nairs , the upper caste in British Raj, attack Sandar women for covering their upper body and breasts.
May 24 –
Battle of Pichincha :
Simón Bolívar secures the independence of
Quito .
May 25 –
Christos Palaskas and Alexis Noutsos are executed by
Odysseas Androutsos ' forces.
May 26 –
Grue Church fire : 116 people are killed, in the biggest fire disaster in Norway's history.
June 6 –
Alexis St. Martin is accidentally shot in the stomach, which leads the way to
William Beaumont 's studies on digestion.
June 18 –
Greek War of Independence :
Konstantinos Kanaris blows up the
Ottoman navy 's flagship at
Chios , killing the
Kapudan Pasha
Nasuhzade Ali Pasha .
[4]
July–September
July 3 –
Charles Babbage publishes a proposal for a
difference engine , a forerunner of the modern computer, for calculating
logarithms and
trigonometric functions. Construction of an operational version will proceed under British Government sponsorship (1823–32), but it will never be completed.
[5]
July 8 – The
Chippewas turn over a huge tract of land in
Ontario to the United Kingdom.
July 13 –
Greek War of Independence : Greeks defeat
Ottoman forces at
Thermopylae .
July 26 –
Guayaquil Conference :
José de San Martín arrives in
Guayaquil ,
Ecuador , to meet
Simón Bolívar .
July 27 – Guayaquil Conference:
Simón Bolívar and General
José de San Martín meet in
Guayaquil , which Bolívar later annexes.
July 31 – The last public
whipping is carried out in
Edinburgh .
August 5 –
13 –
An 1822 earthquake sequence occurs in the northern part of the
Ottoman Empire , causing severe damage from
Gaziantep to
Antakya in modern Turkey and from
Aleppo to
Khan Sheikhun in modern Syria. At least 20–30,000 people are killed.
[6]
[7]
August 12
August 15 –
29 – The
Visit of King George IV to Scotland takes place.
[9]
August 22 – English ship Orion lands at Yerba Buena, now named
San Francisco , under the command of
William A. Richardson .
September 7 –
Brazilian independence : Brazil declares its independence from Portugal.
September 8 –
13 –
Battle of Nauplia : In a series of naval engagements, the
Ottoman Fleet fails to break through the
Greek Fleet , under Admiral
Andreas Vokos Miaoulis .
September 11 –
Galileo Galilei 's
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (1632) is permitted by the
Roman Catholic Church to be published.
September 16
September 22 – Portugal approves its first Constitution.
September 27 –
Jean-François Champollion announces his success in deciphering
Egyptian hieroglyphs , using the
Rosetta Stone , in a letter to the
Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres in Paris (based on the work of
Thomas Young ).
October–December
October 8 – The
Galunggung
volcano erupts on
West Java , and is followed four days later by a second, more violent outburst; the two events kill more than 4,000 people and destroy 114 villages.
[10]
October 12 –
Pedro, Crown Prince of Portugal , is declared the constitutional
Emperor of Brazil , as Pedro the First.
October 31 – Emperor
Agustín de Iturbide of the
First Mexican Empire dissolves the country's
Congress of the Union , and replaces it with a
military junta .
October –
December –
Congress of Verona : Russia, Austria and
Prussia approve French intervention in Spain.
November 9 –
Action of 9 November 1822 :
USS Alligator (1820) engages three
pirate
schooners off
Cuba , as part of the
West Indies anti-piracy operations of the United States .
November 13
November 19 – An earthquake near
Valparaíso ,
Chile , kills around 200, causes a tsunami and raises the coastal area.
November 22 – A fire in
Guangzhou (Canton) kills 500 people, and destroys 13,070 homes and several European-owned businesses.
[11]
December 1 –
Pedro I is crowned as the first
Emperor of Brazil .
Date unknown
Births
January–June
Francis Galton
Ján Francisci-Rimavský
January 2 –
Rudolf Clausius , German physicist (d. 1888)
January 6
January 9 –
Carol Benesch ,
Silesian and
Romanian
architect (d. 1896)
January 12 –
Étienne Lenoir , Belgian engineer (d. 1900)
January 25 –
Charles Reed Bishop , American businessman,
philanthropist in Hawaii (d. 1915)
January 28 –
Alexander Mackenzie , 2nd
Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1892)
February 4 –
Edward Fitzgerald Beale , American Navy Lieutenant, explorer (d. 1893)
February 16 – Sir
Francis Galton , English biologist (d. 1911)
c.
March –
Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross), African-American abolitionist, humanitarian and spy (d. 1913)
March 14 –
Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies ,
Empress consort of Brazil (d. 1889)
April 3 –
Edward Everett Hale , American writer (d. 1909)
April 26 –
Frederick Law Olmsted , American landscape architect (d. 1903)
April 27 –
Ulysses S. Grant , 18th
President of the United States (d. 1885)
May 3 –
István Bittó , 7th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1903)
May 18 –
Mathew Brady , American photographer (d. 1896)
May 20 –
Frédéric Passy , French economist, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1912)
May 26 –
Edmond de Goncourt , French writer (d. 1896)
May 11 –
Henry Baker Tristram , English clergyman, ornithologist. (d. 1906)
June 10 –
John Jacob Astor III , American businessman (d. 1890)
July–December
Gregor Mendel
Louis Pasteur
July 4 –
Jean-Baptiste Claude Eugène Guillaume , French sculptor (d. 1905)
July 19 –
Princess Augusta of Cambridge (d. 1916)
July 20 –
Gregor Mendel , Czech geneticist (d. 1884)
July 21 –
Elizabeth Herbert, Baroness Herbert of Lea , English Catholic writer, translator, philanthropist, and influential social figure (d. 1911)
July 25 –
Andrew Bryson , American admiral (d. 1892)
August 27 –
William Hayden English , American politician (d. 1896)
September 22 –
Avraamy Aslanbegov , Russian admiral and historian (d. 1900)
October 4 –
Rutherford B. Hayes , 19th
President of the United States (d. 1893)
October 6 –
Benjamin F. Isherwood , American admiral, United States Navy Engineer-in-Chief (d. 1915)
December 10 –
César Franck , Belgian composer, organist (d. 1890)
December 24 –
Matthew Arnold , English poet (d. 1888)
December 27 –
Louis Pasteur , French microbiologist, chemist (d. 1895)
Deaths
January–June
Duke of Richelieu .
January 10 –
Bathilde d'Orléans , French princess (b. 1750)
January 16 –
Elisabeth Berenberg , German banker (b. 1749)
January 21 –
Marie Aimée Lullin , Swiss entomologist (b. 1751)
January 24 –
Ali Pasha of Yanina , ruler of European Turkey (b. 1741)
February 10 –
Prince Albert of Saxony, Duke of Teschen (b. 1738)
February 20 –
John "Walking" Stewart , English traveller, philosopher (b. 1747)
February 24 –
Thomas Coutts , British banker (b. 1735)
February 27 –
John Borlase Warren , British admiral (b. 1753)
March 1 –
Jack Jouett , American politician (b. 1754)
March 16 –
Jeanne-Louise-Henriette Campan , French educator, lady in waiting (b. 1752)
March 19 –
Valentin Haüy , French educator, founder of the first school for the blind (b. 1745)
April 14 –
Edmund Butcher , English Unitarian minister (b. 1757)
April 20 –
Allegra Byron , illegitimate daughter of
Lord Byron (b. 1817)
May 8 –
John Stark , American Revolutionary War general (b. 1728)
May 17 –
Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu , Prime Minister of France (b. 1766)
May 27 –
Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b. 1772)
June 3
June 15 –
Horatio Walpole, 2nd Earl of Orford (b. 1752)
June 25 –
E. T. A. Hoffmann , German Romantic author (b. 1776)
July–December
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh
William Herschel
July 8 –
Percy Bysshe Shelley , British poet (b. 1792)
July 15 –
Manuel Torres , first Colombian ambassador to the United States (b. 1762)
August 4 –
Kristjan Jaak Peterson , Estonian poet (b. 1801)
August 12 –
Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh , British foreign secretary (suicide) (b. 1769)
August 25 –
William Herschel , German-born British astronomer (b. 1738)
September 8 –
Sophie de Condorcet , politically active French salonist, feminist (b. 1764)
October 13 –
Antonio Canova , Italian sculptor (b. 1757)
October 16 –
Eva Marie Veigel , Austrian-born English ballet dancer, known as La Violette (b. 1724)
October 26 –
Mahmud Dramali Pasha , Ottoman vizier (b. c. 1780)
October 31 –
Jared Ingersoll , U.S. presidential candidate (b. 1749)
November 6 –
Claude Louis Berthollet , French chemist (b. 1748)
November 24 –
Zofia Potocka , Greek-Polish noble and agent (b. 1760)
November 26 –
Karl August von Hardenberg ,
Prussian politician (b. 1750)
December 7 –
John Aikin , English doctor and writer (b. 1747)
December 17 –
Giovanni Fabbroni , Italian scientist (b. 1752)
Date unknown
References
^ Dadrian, Vahakn N. (1999).
Warrant for Genocide: Key Elements of Turko-Armenian Conflict . New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. p.
153 .
ISBN
1560003898 .
^ "The Republic of Liberia, Its Products and Resources", by Gerald Ralston, in The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle (October 1862) p520
^ Rev. James Taylor, The Age We Live in: A History of the Nineteenth Century, from the Peace of 1815 to the Present Time (William Mackenzie Co., 1882) p286
^
Finlay, George (1861).
History of the Greek Revolution, Vol. I . Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons. pp. 316–318.
^
Hyman, Anthony (1982).
Charles Babbage: Pioneer of the Computer .
Oxford University Press . pp. 51ff.
ISBN
0-19-858170-X .
^ Ambraseys, N.N. (1989).
"Temporary seismic quiescence: SE Turkey" . Geophysical Journal International . 96 (2): 311–331.
Bibcode :
1989GeoJI..96..311A .
doi :
10.1111/j.1365-246X.1989.tb04453.x .
^ Sbeinati, M.R.; Darawcheh, R. & Mouty, M. (2005).
"The historical earthquakes of Syria: an analysis of large and moderate earthquakes from 1365 B.C. to 1900 A.D." (PDF) . Annals of Geophysics . 48 (3): 347–435. Retrieved February 16, 2023 .
^ Gates, Barbara. Victorian Suicide: Mad Crimes and Sad Histories . Princeton University Press, 2014 p.3.
^
Prebble, John (1988).
The King's Jaunt: George IV in Scotland, August 1822 'One and Twenty Daft Days' . London: Collins.
ISBN
0-00-215404-8 .
^ Mungo Ponton, Earthquakes and Volcanoes: Their History, Phenomena, and Probable Causes (T. Nelson and Sons, 1870) pp223-225
^ "Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance , Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) pp71