The 1420 Caldera earthquake shook the southern portion of
Atacama Desert in the early morning of August 31, 1420 and caused
tsunamis in Chile as well as
Hawaii and the towns of
Japan. The earthquake is thought to have had a size of 8.8–9.4
Mw.[1][2] Historical records of the tsunami exist for the Japanese harbours of
Kawarago and
Aiga where confused residents saw the water recede in the morning of September 1,[1] without any sign of an earthquake.[3] In Chile, rockfalls occurred along the coast as well, producing blocks of up to 40 tons that are now found inland.[1] This is also consistent with the identification of a possible
tsunami deposit in
Mejillones Bay that has been dated to the range 1409 to 1449.[4][5] Deposits found by coring of recent sediments in a wetland near
Tongoy Bay have also been linked to the 1420 tsunami.[6]
^Abad M.; Izquierdo T.; Cáceres M.; Bernárdez E.; Rodríguez-Vidal J. (2018). "Coastal boulder deposit as evidence of an ocean-wide prehistoric tsunami originated on the Atacama Desert coast (northern Chile)". Sedimentology. 67 (3): 1505–1528.
doi:
10.1111/sed.12570.
S2CID135386871.