From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tenore di grazia , also called leggero tenor
[a] (graceful , light , and lightweight tenor, respectively), is a lightweight, flexible
tenor
voice type .
[2]
[3] The tenor roles written in the early 19th-century Italian operas are invariably leggero tenor roles, especially those by
Rossini such as Lindoro in
L'italiana in Algeri , Don Ramiro in
La Cenerentola , and Almaviva in
Il barbiere di Siviglia ; and those by
Bellini such as Gualtiero in
Il pirata , Elvino in
La sonnambula and Arturo in
I puritani .
[4]
[5]
[6] Many
Donizetti roles, such as Nemorino in
L'elisir d'amore and Ernesto in
Don Pasquale , Tonio in
La fille du régiment , are also tenore di grazia roles. One of the most famous leggero tenors of that period was
Giovanni Battista Rubini , for whom Bellini wrote nearly all his operas.
[7]
[8]
[9]
Classification and range
The tenor leggero voice is often misclassified. There are several reasons for this, the first being the lower
register of the leggero tenor.
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13] The leggero tenor can go quite low, approximately to
G below low C
G2 .
[14]
[15] Because of this, the leggero tenor is often misclassified as a
baritone , normally a lyric baritone.
[16]
[17] This voice might also be classified as another type of tenor such as dramatic tenor. However, the leggero tenor possesses something that the other tenors do not: an upper
extension that when not fully developed, sounds almost like a
falsetto .
[18] This "falsetto" however is part of a full voice mechanism and is more connected to what appears to sound like the full voice than a falsetto would.
[19]
[20] [
self-published source ] The upper extension normally starts around
A-flat below Tenor
High C and goes up to as high as the singer is comfortable with, normally
E above High C and sometimes to
F ♯ or
G .
[19]
[21]
[22] The highest vocal range needed in opera for this voice type is F above Tenor High C.
[23]
[24] This is sung as part of the role of Arturo in
I puritani .
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
The light French lyric tenor is also often confused with the leggero tenor.
[29]
[30] Examples of the French tradition of a light and lyrical voice can be found in roles such as Georges Brown in
La dame blanche , Chapelou in
Le postillon de Lonjumeau , Nadir in
Les pêcheurs de perles , Vincent in
Mireille , and Gérald in
Lakmé .
[3]
[22]
[31]
[32]
[33]
References
Notes
^ Often also called leggiero tenor,
[1] although that is not an Italian term.
Citations
^
"The Tenor Voice – Lyrischer (hoher) tenor (c to c)" , ipasource.com
^ Soreanu, Cristina. "Nineteenth Century’s Donizettian Singers and their Contribution to the Development of the Vocal Technique." Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov, Series VIII: Performing Arts 2 (2014): 124–130.
^
a
b Enrico Stinchelli (2002).
Le stelle della lirica: i grandi cantanti della storia dell'opera . Gremese Editore. pp. 19–.
ISBN
978-88-8440-192-2 .
^ Kent Carlson (2000).
The leggero tenor in opera: 1754–1793 . Garri Editions.
^ Richard Boldrey; Janet Bookspan; Carol Kimball (1992).
Singers' edition, operatic arias: soubrette . Pst.
ISBN
9781877761034 .
^
George Henry Hubert Lascelles Earl of Harewood (2000).
Opera . Rolls House Publishing Company.
^ Walker, Evan. "The Fable of Adolphe Nourrit."
Journal of Singing 64.4 (2008): 411.
^ Nicholas Till (18 October 2012).
The Cambridge Companion to Opera Studies . Cambridge University Press. pp. 131–.
ISBN
978-0-521-85561-7 .
^
Storia della musica . Editoriale Jaca Book. 1995. pp. 296ff.
ISBN
978-88-16-43917-7 .
^ May, Joshua M. "The Rise of the Tenor Voice in the Late Eighteenth Century: Mozart’s Opera and Concert Arias." (2014).
^ Brent, Joseph (18 December 2014).
Giovanni Paolo Bottesini as a composer for the tenor voice, as seen in his writing for Roberto Stagno, Angelo Masini, and Alberto Bozetti (PDF) (DMA). University of Georgia.
^ Michael Edward Henstock (20 September 1990).
Fernando De Lucia: son of Naples : 1860–1925 . Duckworth.
ISBN
978-0-7156-2325-1 .
^ Dan H. Marek (6 June 2013).
Giovanni Battista Rubini and the Bel Canto Tenors: History and Technique . Scarecrow Press. pp. 8ff.
ISBN
978-0-8108-8668-1 .
^
Opera . Rolls House Publishing Company. March 2008.
^
Opera . Rolls House Publishing Company. March 2008. pp. 127ff.
^ Arthur Elson (1915).
The Book of Musical Knowledge: The History, Technique, and Appreciation of Music, Together with Lives of the Great Composers, for Music-lovers, Students and Teachers . Houghton Mifflin.
^ Richard Boldrey; Robert Caldwell; Roger Pines; Janet Bookspan (1 June 1992).
Singers' edition, operatic arias: lyric soprano, light lyric soprano . Pst.
ISBN
9781877761027 .
^ Helena Matheopoulos (1 November 1986).
Divo: great tenors, baritones, and basses discuss their roles . Harper & Row.
ISBN
978-0-06-015634-3 .
^
a
b Dan Marek (2007).
Singing: The First Art . Scarecrow Press. pp.
37ff .
ISBN
978-0-8108-5711-7 .
^ Francois Nouvion (October 2012).
Asile Hereditaire: The Life and Career of John O'Sullivan . Xlibris Corporation. pp. 411ff.
ISBN
978-1-4771-5123-5 .
^ Naomi Adele André (1 January 2006).
Voicing Gender: Castrati, Travesti, and the Second Woman in Early-nineteenth-century Italian Opera . Indiana University Press. pp.
127ff .
ISBN
0-253-34644-4 .
^
a
b Laura Williams Macy (2008).
The Grove Book of Opera Singers . Oxford University Press. pp. 136ff.
ISBN
978-0-19-533765-5 .
^ Dorothea Link (2011).
Arias for Vincenzo Calvesi: Mozart's first Ferrando . A-R Editions. pp. 15ff.
ISBN
978-0-89579-717-9 .
^ Herbert Kupferberg (8 November 1988).
The book of classical music lists . Penguin Books.
ISBN
978-0-14-011188-0 .
^
Enciclopedia della musica . Rizzoli Ricordi. 1972.
^ Roger Alier Aixalà; Roger Alier (1 January 2002).
Historia de la ópera . Ediciones Robinbook. pp. 180ff.
ISBN
978-84-95601-66-7 .
^
Friedrich Lippmann [in German] (1972).
Bericht . Böhlau Verlag.
ISBN
978-3-412-96772-7 .
^
BBC Music Magazine . BBC Magazines. 2008.
^ Robert Cannon (16 February 2012).
Opera . Cambridge University Press. pp. 391ff.
ISBN
978-0-521-76302-8 .
^ Helena Matheopoulos (28 September 1999).
The great tenors: from Caruso to the present . Vendome Press.
ISBN
9780865652033 .
^ John Sullivan Dwight (1865).
Dwight's Journal of Music . D.L. Balch. pp. 128ff.
^
Gustav Kobbé (3 October 2014).
The Complete Opera Book (Illustrated). B & R Samizdat Express.
ISBN
978-1-4554-4648-3 .
^
RM, rassegna musicale italiana . Rassegna musicale italiana. 1997.
Further reading