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Fourth and last period of the Paleoproterozoic Era
Statherian
Map of Earth during the Statherian, c. 1740 Ma
−1800 —
–
−1780 —
–
−1760 —
–
−1740 —
–
−1720 —
–
−1700 —
–
−1680 —
–
−1660 —
–
−1640 —
–
−1620 —
–
−1600 —
–
Events of the Statherian Period. Axis scale: millions of years ago.
Name formality Formal Celestial body
Earth Regional usage Global (
ICS ) Time scale(s) used ICS Time Scale Chronological unit
Period Stratigraphic unit
System Time span formality Formal Lower boundary definition Defined chronometrically Lower GSSA ratified 1991
[1] Upper boundary definition Defined chronometrically Upper GSSA ratified 1991
[1]
The Statherian Period (;
Ancient Greek : σταθερός ,
romanized : statherós , meaning "stable, firm") is the final
geologic period in the
Paleoproterozoic era and lasted from 1800
Mya to 1600 Mya (million years ago). Instead of being based on
stratigraphy , these dates are defined
chronometrically .
[2]
[3]
The period was characterized on most
continents by either new
platforms or final
cratonization of
fold belts . Oxygen levels were 10% to 20% of current values.
[4]
Rafatazmia , controversially
[5] claimed to be present in Statherian beds in
India , may be the oldest known confirmably
eukaryotic fossil organism.
[6]
By the beginning of the Statherian, the
supercontinent
Columbia had assembled.
[7]
Approximately 1.7 billion years ago,
natural nuclear fission reactors were generating power in what is now
Oklo ,
Gabon .
[8]
See also
References
^
a
b Plumb, K. A. (June 1, 1991).
"New Precambrian time scale" . Episodes . 14 (2): 139–140.
doi :
10.18814/epiiugs/1991/v14i2/005 .
^
"Statherian Period" . GeoWhen Database . Archived from
the original on May 12, 2006. Retrieved January 5, 2006 .
^ James G. Ogg (2004). "Status on Divisions of the International Geologic Time Scale". Lethaia . 37 (2): 183–199.
doi :
10.1080/00241160410006492 .
^ Holland, Heinrich D. (2006).
"The oxygenation of the atmosphere and oceans" (PDF) . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences . 361 (1470): 903–915.
doi :
10.1098/rstb.2006.1838 .
PMC
1578726 .
PMID
16754606 .
^ Kumar, S. (2009).
"Controversy concerning 'Cambrian' fossils from the Vindhyan sediments: a re-assessment" (PDF) . Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India . 54 (1): 115–117.
^ Bengtson, Stefan; Sallstedt, Therese; Belivanova, Veneta; Whitehouse, Martin (2017).
"Three-dimensional preservation of cellular and subcellular structures suggests 1.6 billion-year-old crown-group red algae" . PLOS Biology . 15 (3): e2000735.
doi :
10.1371/journal.pbio.2000735 .
PMC
5349422 .
PMID
28291791 .
^ Zhao, Guochun; Cawood, Peter A; Wilde, Simon A; Sun, Min (November 2002). "Review of global 2.1–1.8 Ga orogens: implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinent". Earth-Science Reviews . 59 (1–4): 125–162.
Bibcode :
2002ESRv...59..125Z .
doi :
10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00073-9 .
^ Davis, E. D.; Gould, C. R.; Sharapov, E. I. (1 April 2014). "Oklo reactors and implications for nuclear science". International Journal of Modern Physics E . 23 (4): 1430007–1430236.
arXiv :
1404.4948 .
Bibcode :
2014IJMPE..2330007D .
doi :
10.1142/S0218301314300070 .
S2CID
118394767 .