Agent who procures and negotiates employment and endorsement contracts for an athlete
A sports agent is a legal representative (hence
agent ) for professional sports figures such as athletes and coaches. They procure and negotiate employment and
endorsement contracts for the
athlete or coach whom they represent. In addition to contract negotiations, sports agents may also help their clients with financial planning, legal issues, and marketing. They may work closely with financial advisors, lawyers, and marketing professionals on behalf of their clients.
Description
Because of the unique characteristics of the
sports industry , sports agents are responsible for communications with team owners, managers, and other individuals. In addition to finding income sources, agents often handle
public relations matters for their clients. In some large sports agencies, such as
IMG ,
Creative Artists Agency ,
Roc Nation Sports and
Octagon , agents deal with all aspects of a client's finances, from investment to filing taxes.
Sports agents may be relied upon by their clients for guidance in all business aspects, and sometimes even more broadly. For example, hockey agents start recruiting clients as young as 15, allowing the agent to guide the athlete's career before the
NHL
draft , which happens usually at 18 years of age.
Due to the length and complexity of contracts, many sports agents are lawyers or have a background in contract law. Agents are expected to be knowledgeable about finance, business management, and financial and risk analysis, as well as sports. It is important for a sports agent to follow trends in sports. Other skills an agent must possess are excellent communication and negotiation skills. Agents must be highly motivated, willing to work long hours, and capable of multitasking. It is very common for agents to be in negotiations on behalf of several clients at one time.
[1]
Some agents are part of large companies, and some are on their own.
[2] The number of clients an individual agent can handle and how many clients his or her employing agency can handle in total are interdependent variables.
Before the 1990s, most
football players did not use agents. In some cases, they used their parents as agents. Because of most parents' naivety about the football business, these footballers were often given less-than-stellar contracts by football clubs, which yielded lower salaries than they thought they deserved.
[3] In Sweden, there were only three licensed agents in 1995.
[4] As of 2002, there were 33. According to
FIFA , there were 5,187 licensed association football agents worldwide, with 600 agents in Italy alone.
[5] Since 2001, agents have not been licensed by FIFA. Instead, agents are now licensed directly by each association.
Sports agents generally receive between 4 and 15% of the athlete's playing contract, and 10 to 20% of the athlete's endorsement contract, although these figures vary.
NFL agents are not permitted to receive more than 3%, and
NBA agents not more than 4%, of their client's playing contracts.
Media depictions
Films such as
Jerry Maguire ,
Two for the Money , and
Any Given Sunday depicted sports agents. In England, ITV's
Footballers' Wives included a female agent
Hazel Bailey . The television show
Ballers , which started in 2015, also shows a strong depiction of sports agents.
Notable sports agents
Football agent
Drew Rosenhaus
Football agent
Leigh Steinberg
Tom Condon : co-head of
Creative Artists Agency (CAA) Football. Clients include
Peyton Manning (retired) and
Tony Romo (retired).
James "Bus" Cook : Clients include
Brett Favre (retired),
Jay Cutler (retired), and
Calvin Johnson (retired).
Ben Dogra : co-head of CAA Football. Clients include
Adrian Peterson ,
Patrick Willis , and
Joseph Addai .
Jason Fletcher : former player turned agent. Clients include
Antonio Cromartie ,
Jamar Fletcher ,
Clinton Portis ,
Fabian Washington , and
Darrell Bevell .
Bob LaMonte : founder and president of
Professional Sports Representation . Current clients include Andy Reid, Jon Gruden, Sean McVay and Doug Pederson
Joe Linta: In 2013, negotiated the richest contract in NFL history for
Joe Flacco , despite the fact that he's never been picked for the
Pro Bowl .
[6]
Eugene E. Parker : negotiated the highest
signing bonuses in NFL history for
Emmitt Smith and
Deion Sanders . Real-life inspiration for flamboyant character "Rod Tidwell" in the film
Jerry Maguire .
Alessio Sundas : agent and founder of Sports Man agency
Drew Rosenhaus : Clients include
Plaxico Burress and
Terrell Owens .
Peter Schaffer : President of Authentic Athletix, LLC. Clients include including
Joe Thomas ,
Phil Taylor ,
Barry Sanders ,
Trevor Pryce ,
Joshua Cribbs ,
C. J. Anderson ,
Mario Edwards Jr. , and
Hakeem Nicks .
[7] and PGA golfers including two-time PGA tour winner
Jonathan Kaye and
Shane Bertsch .
Joel Segal : President of Lagardère Unlimited Football. Clients include
Eric Fisher ,
Reggie Bush ,
Santonio Holmes and
Chris Johnson .
Jimmy Sexton , Co-Head of Football and Head of Coaching as a sports agent for
Creative Artist Agency . Clients include
Sam Darnold ,
Julio Jones ,
Laremy Tunsil and
Derrick Henry .
Alexa Stabler-Adams : Owner of Stabler Sports, daughter of the late NFL quarterback Ken Stabler. Currently represents JK Scott.
Leigh Steinberg : Clients include
Troy Aikman and
Ben Roethlisberger . Real-life inspiration for fictional sports agent
Jerry Maguire in the film of the same name (has a cameo appearance in the movie).
[8]
Don Yee : Clients include
Tom Brady and
Jimmy Garoppolo .
Baseball
Scott Boras
Barry Axelrod : Clients included
Jeff Bagwell ,
Craig Biggio ,
Rick Sutcliffe , and executive
Kevin Towers .
Scott Boras : Clients include
Alex Rodriguez and
Prince Fielder . Boras is known to have negotiated the highest contracts in
Major League Baseball history and the history of sports.
Casey Close : Clients include
Derek Jeter and
Ryan Howard .
Greg Genske : Successor in sports agency formerly run by
Jeff Moorad (baseball) and
Leigh Steinberg (football).
Randy Hendricks : Partnered with his brother, Allan; they sold their firm to SFX (now
Live Nation ), and bought it back again.
Joe Kehoskie : Small agency; frequently quoted by media regarding
Cuban defectors and baseball in Latin America.
Sam & Seth Levinson: Clients include
David Wright and
Jon Lester .
Bo McKinnis : Clients include
David Price .
Jim Munsey: Clients include
Sam Fuld ,
Jarrod Saltalamacchia , and
Sean Burnett .
[10]
[11]
[12]
Lonnie Murray : Clients include
Bruce Maxwell ; first Black woman agent certified by the MLB Players Association.
Burton Rocks : Clients include
Kip Wells ,
Jim Riggleman ,
Mike Easler ,
Robinson Cancel ,
Dave Eiland ,
Paul DeJong ,
Joe Oliver
Matt Sosnick : Clients include
Dontrelle Willis . Sosnick is subject of the book License to Deal by
Jerry Crasnick .
[13]
Arn Tellem : Clients have included
Albert Belle ,
Mike Mussina , and
Chase Utley . Also a basketball agent (see below).
Joe Urbon : Clients include
Jason Bay and
Grady Sizemore .
Basketball
David Falk
Rich Paul co-owner of
Klutch Sports Group with
LeBron James . Clients include
LeBron James ,
Anthony Davis ,
John Wall and
Ben Simmons
Jeff Austin is head of
Octagon 's basketball division, and was ranked 11th in the "12 Best Sport Agents in the World" in 2010 by
Business Insider .
[14] His clients include
David Robinson ,
Moses Malone ,
Kirk Hinrich ,
Stephen Curry and
Jimmer Fredette .
Doug Davis : Clients include
Metta World Peace and
Roger Mason Jr.
Bill Duffy : Clients include
Rajon Rondo ,
Joakim Noah ,
Greg Oden ,
Yao Ming ,
Klay Thompson , and
Steve Nash .
David Falk : Currently semi-retired. Past clients included
Michael Jordan ,
Patrick Ewing ,
Allen Iverson , and
Dikembe Mutombo . In the 1990s, was generally considered the most influential player agent in the NBA.
[15]
[16]
Dan Fegan : Noted for creating several nuances in the most recently expired
NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement. Clients include
John Wall ,
Dwight Howard and
Ricky Rubio .
Aaron Goodwin : Terminated by
LeBron James ,
Dwight Howard ,
Al Horford , and
Jamal Crawford . Goodwin now represents over 20 NBA players.
Roger Montgomery : Works for Jay-Z and his company Roc-Nation. Managed
Desmond Mason ,
Maurice Evans and
Jeremy Lin .
[17]
Rob Pelinka : Former basketball player at the
University of Michigan and graduate of their law school; worked as an agent before becoming general manager of the
Los Angeles Lakers . Past clients include
Kobe Bryant and
Carlos Boozer .
[18]
Ticha Penicheiro : 2019 inductee of the
Women's Basketball Hall of Fame as a player; currently an agent with about 30 clients, among them
Kayla McBride and
Courtney Vandersloot .
[19]
Leon Rose : Former agent of
LeBron James .
Arn Tellem : Clients include
Tracy McGrady ,
Jermaine O'Neal ,
Pau Gasol , and
Joe Johnson . His clients' total salaries in 2007–08 season added up to more than $210 million.
[20] Tellum left the agent business to become President of the
Detroit Pistons .
Cricket
European basketball
Miško Ražnatović : Serbian agent. Through his agency (
BeoBasket ), he mostly represents European basketball players and coaches as well as American players playing in Europe. He represents many highest paid European basketball stars in
Euroleague . His notable clients include
Nikola Peković ,
Mirza Teletović , coach
Dušan Ivković ,
Vassilis Spanoulis ,
Nenad Krstić ,
Dario Šarić ,
DeMarcus Nelson ,
Joffrey Lauvergne ,
Duško Savanović ,
Pero Antić ,
Aleksandar Ćapin ,
Marko Kešelj ,
Nihad Đedović ,
Novica Veličković ,
Milenko Tepić ,
Aleksandar Rašić ,
Raško Katić ,
İlkan Karaman ,
Emir Preldžić ,
Marko Simonović ,
Andrija Žižić , etc. Ražnatović was additionally involved in the
Deron Williams ' transfer to
Beşiktaş during the 2011 NBA lockout
[21] and owns a basketball club
KK Mega Vizura that competes in the
Basketball League of Serbia .
Craig McKenzie: American basketball agent. Worked for
Eugene E. Parker on
Deion Sanders . At 27, was one of youngest agents ever to have lottery pick in
Bonzi Wells .
[22] Clients included three-sport athlete
Charlie Ward , and American International Basketball stars
Marcus Brown ,
JR Bremer ,
[23]
Demond Mallet and
Mire Chatman , some of the highest paid players in Europe at one time.
[24]
Zoran Savić : Serbian agent. Through his agency (Invictus Sports Group),
Barcelona -based Savić represents coach
Xavi Pascual ,
Milan Mačvan , coach
Žan Tabak ,
Dalibor Bagarić ,
Ivan Opačak , etc.
Rafaela Pimenta : Brazilian female agent. Has represented
Erling Haaland and
Paul Pogba .
Jorge Mendes : Portuguese agent. Founder of
GestiFute . Clients include
Cristiano Ronaldo ,
Radamel Falcao ,
David de Gea ,
Diego Costa ,
Renato Sanches ,
Ricardo Quaresma ,
Deco ,
Nani ,
Ángel Di María and managers
José Mourinho ,
Aitor Karanka and
Luiz Felipe Scolari .
[25]
Pini Zahavi :
Israeli agent. Handled deals involving the transfers of
Carlos Tevez ,
Yakubu and
Rio Ferdinand .
Bila Kanza: English-based French Sports Agent and founder of LKI – Lonrisk International Management.
Jon Smith : English agent who one represented
Diego Maradona .
Paul Stretford : English agent. Clients include,
Wayne Rooney . Set up Triple S Sports Entertainment Group in 2009 after leaving Proactive Sports, which he originally established.
Constantin Dumitraşcu: French-based Romanian agent. His agency (Mondial Sports Management) include
Edinson Cavani ,
Alexandre Pato ,
Hatem Ben Arfa ,
Fernandinho ,
Nemanja Matić ,
Douglas Costa and
Philippe Coutinho .
[25]
Milan Ćalasan : Serbian agent. His agency (Mondialvas) represented
Christian Karembeu , manager
Arsène Wenger and
Nikola Žigić .
Claes Elefalk : Swedish agent. Clients include
Freddie Ljungberg ,
Pontus Farnerud , and
Nils-Eric Johansson , plus several NHL ice hockey players.
Roger Ljung : Former Swedish international player, owns his own agency (Roger Ljung Promotion AB). Represented
Freddie Ljungberg until 2006. Clients include
Marcus Allbäck ,
Daniel Andersson ,
Patrik Andersson ,
Erik Edman ,
Andreas Isaksson ,
Kim Källström ,
Marcus Lantz and
Teddy Lučić .
Martin Dahlin : Former Swedish international player; works for Roger Ljung Promotion AB
Dirk Hebel : Former German footballer, owns his own agency (Fussballmarkt). Has represented
Mario Götze ,
Sunday Oliseh ,
Goran Sablić and
Patrick Weiser .
Abdilgafar "Fali" Ramadani : Macedonia-born, Germany-based Albanian agent. His agency (LIAN Sports) that he co-owns with
Nikola Damjanac represents players either from or with family ties to former Yugoslavia such as
Stevan Jovetić ,
Lazar Marković ,
Adem Ljajić ,
Zvjezdan Misimović ,
Haris Seferovic and
Marko Marin .
Barry Silkman : English agent. Clients include
David Villa ,
Demba Ba and
Ravel Morrison .
[26]
Zoran Stojadinović : Serbian agent.
Paschalis Tountouris : International agent of Greek origin and founder of Prosport. Clients include
Giorgos Karagounis ,
Dimitris Kolovos ,
Fiorin Durmishaj ,
Knowledge Musona ,
Kostas Tsimikas youngs stars
Marios Vrousai ,
Anastasios Chatzigiovanis and manager
Yannis Anastasiou .
Walter Palombo: Swiss-based Italian sports advisor, and the founder of Palombo Consulting. His notable clients are
Andy Carroll ,
Jack Wilshere ,
Jermaine Pennant and
Jermain Defoe & Julian Dicks in the
Premier League . Genaro Gattuso in Serie A & Christian Karembeu.
Kevin Davies : Former English international player, owns his own agency: KCD Management.
[27]
Rhydian Thomas : Wales-based sports agent. Founder and owner of GSF Agency, which he set up in 2015, having previously founded Complete Sports Management (CSM), which ran from 2001, managing international rugby union players. GSF agency covers South Wales and the West Country, identifying the best academy talent in the region. Notable clients include Sam Pearson. GSF Agency Web
[28]
Golf
Ice hockey
Mike Barnett : former agent of
Wayne Gretzky ,
Brett Hull ,
Paul Coffey ,
Jaromír Jágr ,
Joe Thornton ,
Lanny McDonald ,
Sergei Fedorov ,
Alexander Mogilny ,
Owen Nolan ,
Mats Sundin and
Dany Heatley .
[32]
[33]
Ritch Winter : over 70 clients.
Gilles Lupien : former NHL
defenceman ; current Canadian ice hockey agent. Clients include
Roberto Luongo .
Don Meehan : president of Newport Sports Management. Over 100 clients in the NHL, including
Jarome Iginla ,
Steven Stamkos ,
P. K. Subban and
Chris Pronger .
Tatiana Ovechkina , two-time
basketball gold medalist, is her son
Alexander Ovechkin 's agent. She brokered a 13-year, $124 million contract.
[34]
Allan Walsh in 2004 merged his hockey representation with
Octagon Hockey. His clients include
Marc-André Fleury ,
Patrik Eliáš ,
Martin Havlát and
Milan Michálek .
[35]
Pat Brisson – agent of
Sidney Crosby , among others
Motorsport
Olympics
Notable former sports agents
Colleen Howe (deceased): ice hockey, late president of Power Play International and Power Play Publications managing hockey careers and business interests of her husband
Gordie Howe and their sons
Marty and
Mark Howe .
[37]
Camilo Marin (deceased): Cuban-born horse racing agent. Clients included
Laffit Pincay Jr. ,
Braulio Baeza ,
Jorge Velásquez and
Manuel Ycaza .
Mark McCormack (deceased): American golf agent, and principal originator of modern sports agency industry.[
citation needed ] First client was
Arnold Palmer . Founded
IMG (originally "International Management Group").
Jeff Moorad : Former baseball agent and former partner of
Leigh Steinberg , now baseball executive and part-owner of
San Diego Padres .
Rob Pelinka : Former basketball player at the
University of Michigan . Clients include
Kobe Bryant ,
Carlos Boozer , and
Buddy Hield . Pelinka stepped down from being an agent to be run the
Los Angeles Lakers in March 2017.
Charles C. Pyle (deceased): American football; clients included
Red Grange and
Wildcat Wilson ; founder of
first American Football League (1926).
Mino Raiola (deceased): Dutch-based Italian association football agent. His notable clients included
Paul Pogba ,
Zlatan Ibrahimović ,
Mario Balotelli , and
Pavel Nedvěd .
[38]
Gary Wichard (deceased): American football, three dozen clients, the inspiration for the movie
Jerry Maguire .
Sports agency groups
There have been some efforts to transform the sports agency business from an individual, entrepreneurial business, to more of a corporate structure. These experiments met with varying degrees of longevity and success.
Allegiant Athletic Agency – representing NBA and NFL players
Creative Artists Agency : "CAA" – acquired various pieces of the sports agency business of SFX (see below), starting with football.
IMG – International Management Group – corporate agency established by entrepreneur
Mark McCormack , originally with a specialization in golf and tennis. After the death of McCormack the company was acquired by
private equity group
Forstmann Little .
Infront - international sports rights vendor, representing Serie A, FIFA, and others.
[39]
International Sports Management – British sports agency run by former European Tour golfer
Andrew "Chubby" Chandler .
[40]
Priority Sports and Entertainment - Agency representing the most NBA players, run by Mark Bartelstein.
Roc Nation Sports – sports agency founded in 2013 by Shawn Carter, better known as
Jay-Z . Currently in partnership with CAA; first client signed was
Robinson Canó .
[41]
Rosenhaus Sports - sports agency run by
Drew Rosenhaus .
Sportfive, formerly Lagardère Sports and Entertainment – international sports agency, sports consulting and event management, active in the football, tennis and golf markets.
Sports Management Worldwide – international sports agency
[42] and private for-profit
sports management training institution,
[43] founded and run by
Lynn Lashbrook .
Wasserman Media Group (WME) - acquired
Arn Tellem 's basketball agency from SFX, and usually represents the most players in
NBA lottery draft each year.
[44]
Imago Sports Management - Imago Sports Management is a Bangladeshi talent and sports based agency.
[45]
Formerly active agencies
Some sports agency firms were once prominent, but are now gone or reorganized:
Assante Corporation – Canadian public company that acquired the Steinberg, Moorad & Dunn agency, then acquired other than agencies including Dan Fegan & Associates and Maximum Sports Management in an unsuccessful effort to build multi-sport corporate agency.
[46]
SFX Entertainment (now
Live Nation , a publicly traded company) – in 1998 SFX agreed to pay up to $150 million in cash, stock, and bonuses for F.A.M.E., the sports agency run by
David Falk , the agent for basketball players
Michael Jordan and
Patrick Ewing . SFX also acquired two other major sports agencies,
Arn Tellem 's agency (Tellem & Associates) and the baseball-oriented firm run by
Randy Hendricks and Allan Hendricks.
[47] SFX would later reverse course, and sell off the pieces of its large sports agency business.
Steinberg, Moorad & Dunn ("SMD") – a multi-sport agency sold in October 1999 for reported $120 million to Canadian financial firm. Defections of principals, and litigation, followed. Originally led by entrepreneurial agents
Leigh Steinberg and
Jeff Moorad .
[48]
See also
References
^
Job Profiles.org
Archived January 9, 2010, at the
Wayback Machine – description of roles of sports agent and some educational programs to prepare for the field
^
An Industry Of Conglomerates Sports Agent Blog, July 16, 2007
^
"The Big Interview: Neil Webb" Sunday Times , November 28, 2004, interview with soccer/football player
^
"Market Saturation of Agents"
Archived August 10, 2011, at the
Wayback Machine , May 23, 2002, note: source can be translated into English on the website
^ [ FIFA – Players' agents list – by country]
^ Hanzus, Dan (March 4, 2013).
"Joe Flacco's Ravens contract includes $52M guaranteed" . Around the League .
NFL.com . Retrieved March 4, 2013 .
^
"Authentic Athletix Clients" . AgentAA.com . Archived from
the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved July 15, 2015 .
^ Meisel, Barry (April 28, 1996).
"Toomer Catches Fancy of Giants" . New York Daily News .
^ Butler, Steve (March 3, 2008);
Show me the money, Ricky Nixon ; Realfooty.com.au; Retrieved on March 14, 2009
^
"Agent says Boras' group 'stalking' his client – MLB – ESPN" . Sports.espn.go.com. May 1, 2006. Retrieved October 6, 2011 .
^ Nicholson, Ben (December 23, 2010).
"Nationals Sign Sean Burnett To Two-Year Extension" . MLBTradeRumors.com. Retrieved October 6, 2011 .
^ McGrath, Ben (August 1, 2011).
"Tampa Bay Ray's Late Bloomer Super Sam Fuld" . The New Yorker . Retrieved October 6, 2011 .
^
"Interview with Matt Sosnick" SportsAgentBlog.com.
^ Gus Lubin (November 29, 2010).
"The 12 Best Sports Agents in the World" . Business Insider . Retrieved January 3, 2013 .
^
"Agents again at forefront of NBA labor dispute" ,
CNN/SI , December 28, 1998, accessed June 16, 2007.
^ Migala, Dan.
"Career Spotlight: David Falk" , WorkInSports.com , June 4, 2001, accessed June 30, 2007.
^ Janowitz, Neil (March 9, 2012).
"After Backing a Dark Horse, Lin's Agent Is Riding High" . The New York Times . Retrieved March 10, 2012 .
^
"#9 Rob Pelinka" . Forbes.com . Retrieved November 23, 2021 .
^ Megargee, Steve (June 7, 2019).
"Penicheiro's new career has Hall of Famer focusing on future" . Yahoo Sports . Associated Press. Retrieved June 15, 2019 .
^
"HoopsHype.com Agents" . Retrieved May 8, 2008 .
^
Nets Star Has Deal to Play in Turkey ;The New York Times , July 7, 2011
^ Perry, Michael (May 3, 1999).
"Agents court Xavier star Posey" . The Cincinnati Enquirer .
^
Bremer still leading the way in Europe Olean Times Herald
^
[1] ESPN. Evan Alexander Demiriel. Retrieved July 23, 2011
^
a
b Belzer, Jason (September 25, 2017).
"The World's Most Powerful Sports Agents 2017" .
Forbes . Retrieved September 27, 2017 .
^
Top 10 most influential football agents – Pere Guardiola, Pini Zahavi, Jorge Mendes, Paul Stretford, Mino Riaola | Metro News
^
Derbyshiretimes: "Loyalty and trust are hard to find in football' – Chesterfield hero Kevin Davies launches new business"
^
www.gsf.agency
^
"How Tiger's Top Man is Managing the Crisis" .
The Wall Street Journal . December 8, 2009.
^
Reilly, Rick (June 23, 2011).
"Golf's new era is here" .
ESPN . Retrieved June 23, 2011 .
^ Tait, Alistair (October 21, 2011).
"McIlroy leaves Chandler's ISM for Horizon Sports" .
Golfweek . Retrieved November 21, 2011 .
^
NHL.com – Features [
permanent dead link ]
^
Michael Barnett
Archived October 10, 2007, at the
Wayback Machine
^
"Top 10 Sports Agents -Ask Men.com
^
"Octagon Sports – Hockey – Team Bios – Allan Walsh" . Octagonhockey.com. Retrieved January 3, 2013 .
^
"From The Executive Editor: The education of Peter Carlisle" . Sports-agent-directory.com. Retrieved January 3, 2013 .
^
"Colleen Howe, 'Mrs. Hockey', dies at 76" . Associated Press. March 6, 2009. Retrieved March 7, 2009 . [
dead link ]
^
"Mino Raiola, one of football's most powerful agents, dies aged 54" .
The Observer . April 30, 2022. Retrieved April 30, 2022 .
^
"Serie A international rights snapped up by Infront for '€139m a year' " . SportsPro Media. April 6, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2021 .
^ Harig, Bob (July 17, 2011).
"Darren Clarke returns in major triumph" .
ESPN . Retrieved July 18, 2011 .
^
"Jay-Z Launches Roc Nation Sports Teams With CAA to Co-Represent Robinson Cano" .
Variety . April 2, 2013. Retrieved April 2, 2013 .
^
"Our Mission and Values" . smwwagency.com . Retrieved December 7, 2020 .
^
"Good, profitable sports" . bizjournals.com . Retrieved December 7, 2020 .
^
"Wasserman Acquires Tellem Business; SFX Promotes Pelinka" . Sports Business Daily . January 27, 2006. Retrieved August 7, 2017 .
^
The business of sports | Dhaka Tribune
^
"These Drafts Come and Go, and So Do Agents' Fortunes" The New York Times , April 28, 2003
^
"Steinberg Sells Sports Firm" .
The New York Times . October 28, 1999. Retrieved October 6, 2011 .
^
"Crash Landing" - ESPN, by Peter Keating, article about Leigh Steinberg
Further reading
How to Play the Game: What Every Sports Attorney Needs to Know , by Darren Heitner, 2014, ABA Book Publishing,
ISBN
978-1-61438-916-3
The Business of Sports Agents , by Kenneth L. Shropshire, Timothy Davis, 2008, University of Pennsylvania Press,
ISBN
978-0-8122-4084-9
License to Deal: A Season on the Run with a Maverick Baseball Agent , by Jerry Crasnick, 2005, Rodale Books,
ISBN
978-1-59486-024-9
An Athlete's Guide to Agents: 5th Edition , by Bob Ruxin with Darren Heitner, 2009, Jones and Bartlett,
ISBN
978-0-7637-7611-4
How To Be A Sports Agent , by Mel Stein, 2008, High Stakes Publishing,
ISBN
978-1-84344-045-1
The Football Agent , by Knut Høibraaten, 2015, HHH Forlag,
ISBN
978-8-26900-990-3