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Genus of cephalopods
Sepia apama
Sepia elegans
Sepia latimanus
Sepia officinalis
Sepia pharaonis
Sepia prashadi
Sepia spp.
Sepia is a
genus of
cuttlefish in the
family
Sepiidae encompassing some of the best known and most common species. The
cuttlebone is
ellipsoid in shape. The name of the genus is the
Latinised form of the
Ancient Greek σηπία (sēpía ) "cuttlefish".
Parts of a sepia
Anatomy
All members of Sepia share the presence of eight arms and two tentacles. Tentacles are retractable limbs used to target and latch onto prey, whereas arms are used for handling prey and producing patterns of light and dark to distract prey. Once a prey item has been caught, the tentacles detach from it and have no other function. The tentacles reside in sheaths that run below the eyes and behind the head, into the visceral mass, where they are reserved as coiled, spring-loaded appendages, waiting to be ejected towards a food target.
Classification
Genus Sepia
Subgenus undetermined
Subgenus Acanthosepion
Subgenus Anomalosepia
Subgenus Doratosepion
Subgenus Hemisepius
Subgenus Rhombosepion
Subgenus Sepia
Sepia angulata *
Sepia apama , Australian giant cuttlefish
Sepia bandensis , stumpy-spined cuttlefish
Sepia bertheloti , African cuttlefish
Sepia chirotrema
Sepia dollfusi
Sepia elobyana , Guinean cuttlefish
Sepia gibba
Sepia hierredda , giant African cuttlefish
Sepia insignis
Sepia irvingi
Sepia latimanus , broadclub cuttlefish
Sepia mestus , reaper cuttlefish
Sepia novaehollandiae , New Holland cuttlefish
Sepia officinalis , common cuttlefish
Sepia papillata
Sepia papuensis , Papuan cuttlefish
Sepia pharaonis , pharaoh cuttlefish
Sepia plangon , mourning cuttlefish
Sepia plathyconchalis
Sepia ramani
Sepia rozella , rosecone cuttlefish
Sepia simoniana
Sepia tuberculata
Sepia vermiculata
The species listed above with an asterisk (*) are questionable; they need further study to determine if they are a valid species or a synonym. The question mark (?) indicates questionable placement within the genus.
Extinct species
Fossil
cuttlebone of the
Pliocene species
Sepia rugulosa
Fossil
cuttlebone of
Sepia stricta
A number of extinct species have been described from the
Neogene of Europe, though many of these are likely synonyms.
[4] They include:
[4]
Sepia bertii Foresti, 1890
Sepia complanata Bellardi, 1872
Sepia craversii Gastaldi, 1868
Sepia gastaldii Bellardi, 1872
Sepia granosa Bellardi, 1872
Sepia harmati Szörenyi, 1933
Sepia hungarica Lörenthey, 1898
Sepia isseli Bellardi, 1872
Sepia michelotti Gastaldi, 1868
Sepia rugulosa Bellardi, 1872
Sepia stricta Bellardi, 1872
Sepia verrucosa Bellardi, 1872
Sepia vindobonensis Schloenbach, 1869
References
^
Whiteaves, J.F. (1897). "On some remains of a Sepia -like cuttle-fish from the Cretaceous rocks of the south Saskatchewan". The Canadian Record of Science . 7 : 459–462.
^
Hewitt, R.; Pedley, H.M. (1978). "The preservation of the shells of Sepia in the middle Miocene of Malta".
Proceedings of the Geologists' Association . 89 (3): 227–237.
Bibcode :
1978PrGA...89..227H .
doi :
10.1016/S0016-7878(78)80013-3 .
^ Neethiselvan, N.; Venkataramani, V.K. (2010).
"A new species of cuttlefish, Sepia vecchioni (Cephalopoda, Sepiidae) from Colachal coast, south India" . Journal of American Science . 6 (4): 12–21. Archived from
the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018 .
^
a
b
Hiden, H.R. (1995).
"Sepia vindobonensis (Cephalopoda, Coleoida) aus dem Mittel-Miozän von Retznei (Steiermark, Österreich)" [Sepia vindobonensis (
Cephalopoda ,
Coleoida ) from the
middle Miocene of
Retznei (
Styria ,
Austria )] (PDF) . Mitteilungen der Abteilung für Geologie und Paläontologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum [Communications from the Department of Geology and Palaeontology of the [Archduke] Johann State Museum] (in German). 52–53: 111–124. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 15 November 2012 .
External links
Mangold, Katharina M.; Young, Richard E. (2016) [10 November 2012].
"Sepia " . Tree of Life web project (tolweb.org) . Retrieved 28 August 2023 .