 Discovery images of Psamathe by the
Subaru Telescope in 2003 | |
| Discovery [1] [2] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | |
| Discovery date | 19 August 2003 |
| Designations | |
Designation | Neptune X |
| Pronunciation | /ˈsæməθiː/ |
Named after | Ψαμάθη Psamathē |
| S/2003 N 1 | |
| Adjectives | Psamathean /sæməˈθiːən/ |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch 1 January 2000 (Proper orbital element) | |
| Observation arc | 20.97 yr (7,660 days) [3] |
| 183.3° (proper) | |
| Satellite of | Neptune |
| Group | Neso group |
| Proper orbital elements [4] | |
Proper
semi-major axis | 47,615,100 km = 0.318 AU |
Proper
eccentricity | 0.414 |
Proper
inclination | 127.8° |
Proper
mean motion | 14.371255 deg / yr |
Proper
orbital period | 25.05
yr (9149.514 d) |
Precession of
perihelion | 874.6486 arcsec / yr |
Precession of the
ascending node | 972.3189 arcsec / yr |
| Physical characteristics | |
Mean diameter | 40 km (for albedo 0.04) [5] |
| Albedo | 0.04 (assumed) [5] |
Psamathe /ˈsæməθiː/, also known as Neptune X, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Neptune. It is named after Psamathe, one of the Nereids. Psamathe was discovered by Scott S. Sheppard and David C. Jewitt in 2003 using the 8.2 meter Subaru telescope. [5] Before it was officially named on February 3, 2007 (IAUC 8802), it was known by the provisional designation S/2003 N 1. [6]
Psamathe is about 38 kilometers in diameter. It orbits Neptune at a distance of between 25.7 and 67.7 million km (for comparison, the Sun- Mercury distance varies between 46 million and 69.8 million km) and requires almost 25 Earth years to make one orbit. The orbit of this satellite is close to the theoretical stable separation from Neptune for a body in a retrograde orbit. Given the similarity of Psamathe's orbital parameters with Neso (S/2002 N 4), it was suggested that both irregular satellites could have a common origin in the breakup of a larger moon. [5] Both are farther from their primary than any other known moon in the Solar System. [7]
See also
References
- ^ JPL (2011-07-21). "Planetary Satellite Discovery Circumstances". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E. (September 3, 2003). "Satellites of Neptune". IAU Circular. 8193. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ "Natural Satellites Ephemeris Service". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 March 2024. Selection of Objects → "All Neptunian outer irregular satellites" → Check "I require Orbital Elements" → Get Information
- ^ Jacobson, R. A. (2008). "NEP078 - JPL satellite ephemeris". Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters. Retrieved 2009-09-23.
- ^ a b c d Sheppard, Scott S.; Jewitt, David C.; Kleyna, Jan (2006). "A Survey for "Normal" Irregular Satellites around Neptune: Limits to Completeness". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (1): 171–176. arXiv: astro-ph/0604552. Bibcode: 2006AJ....132..171S. doi: 10.1086/504799. S2CID 154011.
- ^ Marsden, Brian G. (2003). "MPEC 2003-R19 : S/2003 N 1". Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
- ^ Schmude, Richard Jr. (2008). Uranus, Neptune, Pluto and How to Observe Them. Springer. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-387-76601-0.
External links
- Neptune's Known Satellites (by Scott S. Sheppard)
- S/2003 N1 Neptune Satellite Movie Images (image)
- MPC: Natural Satellites Ephemeris Service
- Mean orbital parameters (NASA)
- IAUC 8193
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| Triton | |||||
| Irregular |
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Planetary satellites of |    | |
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Dwarf planet satellites of | ||
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Minor-planet moons | ||
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