Prenylated flavonoids or prenylflavonoids are a sub-class of
flavonoids. They are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. Some are known to have
phytoestrogenic or
antioxidant[1] properties. They are given in the list of
adaptogens in herbalism. Chemically they have a
prenyl group attached to their
flavonoid backbone. It is usually assumed that the addition of
hydrophobic prenyl groups facilitate attachment to cell membranes.
Prenylation may increase the potential activity of its original flavonoid.[2]
Epimedium wushanense contains a number of flavanoids. 37 compounds were characterized from the underground and aerial parts of the plant. Among them, 28 compounds were prenylflavonoids. The predominant prenylated flavonoid,
epimedin C,[8] ranged from 1.4 to 5.1% in aerial parts and 1.0 to 2.8% in underground parts.[9]
^Tanaka, Mitsuharu; Tahara, Satoshi (1997). "Fad-dependent epoxidase as a key enzyme in fungal metabolism of prenylated flavonoids". Phytochemistry. 46 (3): 433–9.
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^Miranda, C.L.; Stevens, J.F.; Helmrich, A.; Henderson, M.C.; Rodriguez, R.J.; Yang, Y.-H.; Deinzer, M.L.; Barnes, D.W.; Buhler, D.R. (1999). "Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of prenylated flavonoids from hops (Humulus lupulus) in human cancer cell lines". Food and Chemical Toxicology. 37 (4): 271–85.
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^Stevens, Jan F; Page, Jonathan E (2004). "Xanthohumol and related prenylflavonoids from hops and beer: To your good health!". Phytochemistry. 65 (10): 1317–30.
doi:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.04.025.
PMID15231405.
^Dhooghe, Liene; Naessens, Tania; Heyerick, Arne; De Keukeleire, Denis; Vlietinck, Arnold J.; Pieters, Luc; Apers, Sandra (2010). "Quantification of xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol, 8-prenylnaringenin, and 6-prenylnaringenin in hop extracts and derived capsules using secondary standards". Talanta. 83 (2): 448–56.
doi:
10.1016/j.talanta.2010.09.041.
PMID21111159.
^Barrett, M. L.; Scutt, A. M.; Evans, F. J. (1986). "Cannflavin A and B, prenylated flavones from Cannabis sativa L". Experientia. 42 (4): 452–453.
doi:
10.1007/BF02118655.
PMID3754224.
S2CID19652191.
^Singhal, Ashok K.; Sharma, Ram P.; Thyagarajan, Gopalakrishna; Herz, Werner; Govindan, Serengolam V. (1980). "New prenylated isoflavones and a prenylated dihydroflavonol from Millettia pachycarpa". Phytochemistry. 19 (5): 929–34.
doi:
10.1016/0031-9422(80)85140-5.
^Ye, Haoyu; Chen, Lijuan; Li, Yanfang; Peng, Aihua; Fu, Afu; Song, Hang; Tang, Minghai; Luo, Houding; Luo, Youfu; Xu, Yongbin; Shi, Jianyou; Wei, Yuquan (2008). "Preparative isolation and purification of three rotenoids and one isoflavone from the seeds of Millettia pachycarpa Benth by high-speed counter-current chromatography". Journal of Chromatography A. 1178 (1–2): 101–7.
doi:
10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.060.
PMID18082754.