Portal:Tsunamis References

The Tsunami portal

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami at Ao Nang, Krabi Province, Thailand

A tsunami ( /(t)suːˈnɑːmi, (t)sʊˈ-/ (t)soo-NAH-mee, (t)suu-; from Japanese: 津波, lit. 'harbour wave', pronounced [tsɯnami]) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations, landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances) above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami. Unlike normal ocean waves, which are generated by wind, or tides, which are in turn generated by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun, a tsunami is generated by the displacement of water from a large event.

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The Pacific Tsunami Museum is housed in a former First Hawaiian Bank building in downtown Hilo, Hawaii

The Pacific Tsunami Museum (originally, the Hilo Tsunami Museum) is a museum in Hilo, Hawaii dedicated to the history of the April 1, 1946 Pacific tsunami and the May 23, 1960 Chilean tsunami which devastated much of the east coast of the Big Island, especially Hilo. The museum also has a mission to educate people in general about tsunamis, including the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. It is located at 130 Kamehameha Avenue, at the intersection of Kamehameha and Kalakaua in downtown Hilo. ( Full article...)

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Events that can cause a tsunami

Submarine eruptions are volcano eruptions which take place beneath the surface of water. These occur at constructive margins, subduction zones and within tectonic plates due to hotspots. This eruption style is far more prevalent than subaerial activity. For example, it is believed that 70 to 80% of the Earth's magma output takes place at mid-ocean ridges. ( Full article...)

List of events articles
Earthquake Submarine earthquake Tsunami earthquake Landslide Glacier calving Meteorite impact

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General images

The following are images from various tsunami-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1The wave further slows and amplifies as it hits land. Only the largest waves crest. (from Tsunami)
Image 2Calculated travel time map for the 1964 Alaska tsunami (in hours) (from Tsunami)
Image 3One of the deep water buoys used in the DART tsunami warning system (from Tsunami)
Image 4Tsunami aftermath in Aceh, Indonesia, December 2004 (from Tsunami)
Image 5An illustration of the rhythmic "drawback" of surface water associated with a wave. It follows that a very large drawback may herald the arrival of a very large wave. (from Tsunami)
Image 6The energy released produces tsunami waves. (from Tsunami)
Image 7Over-riding plate bulges under strain, causing tectonic uplift. (from Tsunami)
Image 8Figure 1: Diagram showing how earthquakes can generate a tsunami. (from Tsunamis in lakes)
Image 9The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami at Ao Nang, Krabi Province, Thailand (from Tsunami)
Image 10Evacuation route sign in a low-lying coastal area on the West Coast of the United States (from Tsunami warning system)
Image 11Satellite image of Lake Kivu (from Tsunamis in lakes)
Image 12Drawing of tectonic plate boundary before earthquake (from Tsunami)
Image 13Plate slips, causing subsidence and releasing energy into water. (from Tsunami)
Image 14A seawall at Tsu, Mie Prefecture in Japan
Image 15Evacuation route sign on the pavement in Kamakura, Japan (from Tsunami warning system)
Image 16 Lisbon earthquake and tsunami in November 1755 (from Tsunami)
Image 17When the wave enters shallow water, it slows down and its amplitude (height) increases. (from Tsunami)
Image 18Tsunami warning system in East Timor (from Tsunami warning system)
Image 19Mast with warning system, and sign detailing escape routes, on the coast of Okumatsushima, Miyagi prefecture, Japan (this coast was severely hit by the 2011 tsunami) (from Tsunami warning system)
Image 20Diagram showing several measures to describe a tsunami size, including height, inundation and run-up (from Tsunami)
Image 21Japanese Tsunami warning sign (from Tsunami warning system)
Image 22Tsunami Early Warning Tower board in Hikkaduwa, Sri Lanka (from Tsunami warning system)

Selected tsunami article

Prehistoric tsunamis are tsunamis and so-called " megatsunamis" that occurred before recorded history. The events have been identified through oral tradition and/or geological evidence. Those events that have been identified through contemporary records are listed as historic tsunamis. ( Full article...)

Selected tsunami articles

In the news

3 April 2024 – 2024 Hualien earthquake: A magnitude 7.4 earthquake strikes off the coast of Taiwan, prompting tsunami warnings for Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. A large section of the uninhabited Guishan Island collapses into the ocean. Nine people are killed in Taiwan, including four by rockfalls, with more than 930 others injured. (AP) (Al Jazeera)