Money was historically an
emergent market phenomenon that possessed intrinsic value as a
commodity; nearly all contemporary money systems are based on unbacked
fiat money without
use value. Its value is consequently derived by social convention, having been declared by a
government or regulatory entity to be
legal tender; that is, it must be accepted as a form of payment within the boundaries of the country, for "all debts, public and private", in the case of the
United States dollar.
An intelligent banknote neutralisation system (IBNS) is a
security system which protects valuable items by rendering them unusable or easily detectable if an unauthorised individual tries to gain access to them. Dye packs are commonly used to safeguard currency against bank robberies in this manner; when such a pack is taken out of the bank, it releases an indelible dye that stains the money with a conspicuous bright color, making it easy to recognise as stolen. Bonding agents (glues) have been used more recently as alternative degradation agents.
Well-neutralised
banknotes cannot be brought back into circulation easily. They can be linked to the crime scene and restricted procedures are in place to exchange them at the
financial institution. This makes stealing neutralised banknotes uneconomical and impractical. In addition to foiling thefts, the IBNS acts to deter further attacks by removing the anticipated reward of the crime and increasing the risk of being caught. (Full article...)
The word złoty is a masculine form of the Polish adjective 'golden', which closely relates with its name to the
guilder whereas the grosz subunit was based on the
groschen, cognate to the English word
groat. It was officially introduced to replace its predecessor, the
Polish marka, on 28 February 1919 and began circulation in 1924. The only bodies permitted to manufacture or mint złoty coins and banknotes are Polish Security Printing Works (PWPW), founded in
Warsaw on 25 January 1919, and
Mennica Polska, founded in Warsaw on 10 February 1766. (Full article...)
... that two
hagiographic documents about St. Hunegund of France publicized Hunegund's miracles to create a sense of identity in
Homblières and to raise money for the monastery?
... that Russian money, known as qiang tie by locals, was used as legal currency in some regions of China for decades?
... that according to legend, the
Jain temple of Pisanhari Ki Marhia was built by a poor old woman who saved up money by milling flour?
... that Frankie Saluto was a member of the Ringling Giants, a dwarf baseball team that raised money for charity?
... that Ken Kortas lost money speculating on hog
futures during his NFL career?
... that
Neha Pendse, the lead actress of the Marathi film June, contributed some of her own money towards its production?
... that medievalist Edward Rand rang the doorbell of Harvard president
Charles William Eliot and asked him: "I would like to go to Harvard; do you have any money?"
... that the song "Money" by
the Drums was certified gold by the
RIAA over a decade after its initial release?
Image 2Athens coin (c. 500/490-485 BC) discovered in
Pushkalavati. This coin is the earliest known example of its type to be found so far east. (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 3Tibetan undated silver tangka (2nd half of 18th century) with eight times the syllable "dza" in vartula script,reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
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