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1991–1995 Sudanese pan-Islamic conference
Called together in the
Sudan by
Hassan al-Turabi , the 1991 Popular Arab and Islamic Congress Conference sought to unify
Mujahideen and other
Islamic elements in the wake of the
Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan and the Iraqi defeat in the
Gulf War .
[1] It sought to provide an alternative to the Saudi-dominated
Organization of the Islamic Conference , although it did not have its financial means.
[2]
Held from April 25–28, it brought together disparate sections of the
Muslim world in an attempt at
Pan-Arabism and
Pan-Islamic union. It was estimated to have brought together 500 people, from 45 nations.
[1] The congress met again in December 1993 and had a third meeting in March–April 1995.
[2]
It has been suggested that al-Turabi hoped to "crystallize discontent in the
Arab world by bringing together under a single banner,
hardline Islamic militants and
nationalists ".
[3] Critics suggested the congress also had domestic purposes for al-Turabi and his regime, particularly the "strengthening" of "his hold" on Sudan by posing as a leader of "the progressive Muslim masses", and the regime's "masking" its "narrow origins" and "lack of mass support".
[2]
In attendance
Hassan al-Turabi , Secretary-General of the Conference
[1]
Ibrahim al-Sanoussi , Deputy Secretary-General
[1]
Osama bin Laden
[4]
Ayman al-Zawahiri of
Egyptian Islamic Jihad
[4]
[5]
Ali Mahdi of
Somalia
[5]
Sa'ad al-Tikriti , son of
Iraqi Mukhabarat director
Sabawi Ibrahim al-Tikriti
[5]
Abdallah Fadil , Iraqi minister of religious endowments
[6]
Abdul-Latif Arabiyat ,
Speaker of the
House of Representatives of Jordan
[6]
Yasser Arafat , leader of the
PLO
[5]
Mounir Shafiq ,
[5] General Director of the PLO Planning Center.
[7]
Nayef Hawatmeh , leader of the
DFLP
[5]
George Habash , leader of the
PFLP
[5]
Hamas members
Khaled Mashal ,
Ibrahim Ghousha and
Munir Said
[5]
Fathi Shaqaqi , founder of
Palestinian Islamic Jihad
[5]
Jabbar Amar , member of
Palestinian Islamic Jihad
[5]
Imad Mughniyah of
Hezbollah
[5]
Rached Ghannouchi , founder of
al-Nahda of
Tunisia
[5]
Abdul Majeed al-Zindani , founder of
Yemen 's
Al-Islah party
[5]
Mohammed Jamal Khalifa , founder of the Philippine branch of
Benevolence International , brother-in-law to
Osama bin Laden , representing
Abu Sayyaf
[5]
Gulbuddin Hekmatyar , leader of
Hezb-i-Islami of
Afghanistan
[5]
Abdul Rasul Sayyaf , leader of the
Ittehad-i-Islami of
Afghanistan
[5]
Abbassi Madani , founder of the
Islamic Salvation Front of
Algeria
[5]
Ibrahim Shukri ,
[5]
Ma'mun al-Hudaybi , and
Mustafa Mashhur
[6] of the
Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt
Mohammed Abdul Rahman al-Khalifa , leader of the
Jordanian Muslim Brotherhood
[6]
Adnan Saad al-Din , leader of a faction of the
Syrian Muslim Brotherhood
[6]
Mubarak Ali Gilani , founder of
Jamaat ul-Fuqra , named as a delegate from Kashmiri
Hizb al-Mujahideen
[5]
Muhammad Ahmad Al-Sharif , leader of the
World Islamic Call Society of Libya
[6]
Qazi Hussain Ahmad , leader of
Jama'at-e Islami
[6]
Daud Musa Pidcock , founder of the
Islamic Party of Britain
[5]
Abdel Bari Atwan , publisher of
Al-Quds Al-Arabi
[5]
Carlos the Jackal
[4]
Abu Nidal
[4]
Geydar Dzhemal
Commanders of
Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya
[5]
Members of the Iranian
Revolutionary Guard
[4]
Members of the Iranian
MOIS
[4]
Members of Afghan
Jamiat-e Islami
[5]
Members of Pakistani
Jama'at-e Islami
[5]
Members of
Eritrean Islamic Jihad
[5]
Members of the
Oromo Liberation Front
[5]
Members of the
Lebanese Muslim Brotherhood
[5]
Delegates from the
Iraqi Trade Union
[5]
Delegates from the
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
[5]
See also
References
^
a
b
c
d Burr, Milard. "Revolutionary Sudan: Hasan al-Turabi and the Islamist State". p. 58
^
a
b
c Kepel, Gilles (2002).
Jihad, on the Trail of Political Islam . Harvard University Press. p. 184.
ISBN
9780674010901 .
^ Jacquard, Roland. In the Name of Osama bin Laden , p. 31
^
a
b
c
d
e
f Riedel, Bruce. The Search for al-Qaeda , 2008
^
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d
e
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g
h
i
j
k
l
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t
u
v
w
x
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aa
ab
ac Burr, J. Millard. "The Terrorists' International". Table 1. p.88.
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g Martin Kramer, Islam in the New World Order , Middle East Contemporary Survey 1991
^ "100 Influential Voices from the Arab World: Munir Shafiq". Center for Global Engagement.
http://www.centerforglobalengagement.org/voices/munir-shafiq.php Accessed May 29, 2014
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