The Polynesian Voyaging Society (PVS) is a non-profit research and educational corporation based in Honolulu, Hawaiʻi. PVS was established to research and perpetuate traditional Polynesian voyaging methods. Using replicas of traditional double-hulled canoes, PVS undertakes voyages throughout Polynesia navigating without modern instruments.
Through reclaiming traditional voyaging and
wayfinding, the Polynesian Voyaging Society also works and seeks to revitalize Polynesian culture. Fostering the uncovering, recovering, and reclaiming of Hawaiian and Polynesian ways, such as language, dance, skills, allows people to (re)learn to value their relationships with themselves, others, and the natural and cultural environments. PVS voyages throughout Moananuiākea (the Pacific Ocean) to reconnect islands and people and uplift traditional Polynesian culture. After hundreds of years of colonization and isolation of islands in Moananuiākea, sharing knowledge and connecting communities is essential in protecting values and places that have been and are more rapidly disappearing.
History
The society was founded in 1973 by nautical anthropologist Ben Finney, Hawaiian artist Herb Kawainui Kane, and sailor Charles Tommy Holmes. The three wanted to show that ancient Polynesians could have purposely settled the Polynesian Triangle using non-instrument navigation. The first PVS project was to build a replica of a double-hulled voyaging canoe. [1]
In the genesis of the Society, the East–West Center was instrumental in convincing the UN authorities in the Pacific of the necessity of the project. The navigator Pius "Mau" Piailug, master of the techniques of traditional navigation, was named Special Fellow by the Center. [2]
Hōkūleʻa
On March 8, 1975, the first voyaging canoe to be built in the Hawaiian Islands in over 600 years was launched with captain Kawika Kapahulehua and crew. Named the Hōkūleʻa, it left Hawaiʻi on May 1, 1976 for Tahiti in an attempt to retrace the ancient voyaging route. Micronesian navigator Mau Piailug, using no instruments, successfully navigated the canoe to Tahiti, arriving there on June 3, 1976.
After an attempted voyage to Tahiti in 1978 was aborted when the Hokuleʻa capsized near Lānaʻi and crew member Eddie Aikau was lost at sea, Piailug trained Nainoa Thompson in the ancient navigation methods. Two years later in 1980, Thompson replicated the successful 1976 voyage to Tahiti, becoming the first modern Hawaiian to master the art of Micronesian navigation.
Since that voyage, the Hokuleʻa and her sister canoe the Hawaiʻiloa (built 1991–94) have undertaken voyages to other islands in Polynesia, including Samoa, Tonga, and New Zealand. More recently, in 2012 the Polynesian Voyaging Society built a further sister ship, the Hikianalia. [3]
From 2014 to 2017, Nainoa Thompson and the Mālama Honua Worldwide Voyage engaged on a 3-year trip to visit 13 marine World Heritage Sites around the world. UNESCO and the Polynesian Voyaging Society had signed a partnership agreement to promote those historical sites through PVS' sailing adventures. [4]
Hōkūleʻa is a symbol of hope rooted in traditions of exploration and discovery. Wayfinding on the wa’a is “a testament to the success of our oceanic ancestors in the face of enormous adversity. It is about the universal quest for a better life, the marriage of will and knowledge, the spirit and flame of new hope. Like our mariner ancestors, we will continue to leave the safety of distant shores, and in doing so, we will discover the stars.”
Makali ʻi
The Makali‘i was built on Hawaii (island). It was launched at Kawaihae on Saturday, February 4, 1995. Her maiden voyage was to Taputapuatea, Ra'iatea, in Tahiti Nui, and Nukuhiva in the Marquesas Islands in 1995, as part of Nā Ohana Holo Moana (The Voyaging Families of the Vast Ocean). [5]
Alingano Maisu
On January 23, 2007 the Hokuleʻa and the Alingano Maisu set sail on a voyage to Micronesia and Japan. In March 2007, the canoes arrived at Piailug's home island of Satawal where five native Hawaiians and sixteen others were inducted into Pwo as master navigators. The event was the first Pwo ceremony on Satawal in 50 years and the Alingano Maisu was presented to Piailug as a gift for his contribution in reviving wayfinding navigation.
Funding
The Times Online reported in March 2009 [6] that the US Congress had earmarked $238,000 for the Polynesian Voyaging Society. The funding was targeted by John McCain as pork-barrel-funding. [7] [8]
Recognition
- 2015: Nainoa Thompson is awarded the Asia Pacific Community Building Award by the East–West Center [2]
References
- ^ Julia Steele, photos by Monte Costa (September–October 2007). "Among the Stars". Hana Hou! Vol. 10, No. 4.
- ^ a b The Polynesian Voyaging Society and the East-West Center: An early and enduring relationship, Eastwestcenter.org (accessed on 31 May 2019)
- ^ Hikianalia/ About Hikianalia www.hokulea.com, accessed 22 September 2020
- ^ The Polynesian Voyaging Society embarks on a worldwide voyage through marine World Heritage sites, Unesco.org, 8 January 2015 (accessed on 31 May 2019)
- ^ "Makali'i". archive.hokulea.com. Retrieved 2023-08-21.
- ^ Tony Allen-Mills (March 22, 2009). "Democrat anger at Obama overkill". TimesOnline.
- ^ Lubin, Gus (2011). "15 Examples Of Government Pork That Are Driving John McCain Crazy". businessinsider.com. Retrieved February 5, 2011.
- ^ Mendoza, Jim (December 15, 2010). "McCain criticizes Voyaging Society earmark - Hawaii News Now - KGMB and KHNL Home". hawaiinewsnow.com. Retrieved February 5, 2011.
- Ben R. Finney; Sailing in the Wake of the Ancestors: Reviving Polynesian Voyaging (Bishop Museum Press, 2004 ISBN 1-58178-025-7)
- Ben R. Finney; Voyage of Rediscovery: A Cultural Odyssey Through Polynesia (University of California Press, 1994 ISBN 0-520-08002-5)
- Will Kyselka; An Ocean in Mind (University of Hawaii Press, 1987 ISBN 0-8248-1112-7)
- David Lewis; We, the Navigators: The Ancient Art of Landfinding in the Pacific (University of Hawaii Press; 1994 ISBN 0-8248-1582-3)