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The National Jewish Population Survey (NJPS), most recently performed in 2000-01, is a representative survey of the Jewish population in the United States sponsored by United Jewish Communities and the Jewish Federation system. [1]
Based on the results of the 2000-01 survey, the total Jewish population in the United States was estimated at 5.2 million, comprising 4.1 million adults and 1 million children. An additional 100,000 Jews in institutional settings were not sampled as part of NJPS but are included in the total. This total represents a decline from the 1990 NJPS, which estimated a total Jewish population of 5.5 million people. Jews who have married since 1996 have an intermarriage rate of 47%. [1]
There is disagreement about how to define who is Jewish. As part of the 2000 NJPS, a Jew was defined as a person:
- Whose religion is Jewish, or
- Whose religion is Jewish and something else, or
- Who has no religion and has at least one Jewish parent or a Jewish upbringing, or
- Who has a non-monotheistic religion, and has at least one Jewish parent or a Jewish upbringing.
There were no survey performed in 2010 due to the lack of funding. The 2000-01 NJPS – which by some estimates cost nearly $6 million, far more than budgeted – was widely criticized, both for its findings and for its methodology. United Jewish Communities, the survey’s sponsor, announced afterward that it would not sponsor future national population surveys. [2]
Reception
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The demographer Gary Tobin fiercely criticized the Survey, saying that the it severely undercounted American Jews due to methodological flaws [3] and calling it "utter nonsense". [4] He estimated that over a million more Jews were present in the United States than the 2000 Survey suggested. [3] Tobin NJPS undercounting occurred due to Jews who do not declare themselves Jewish out of concern for antisemitism, due to under-weighing of West Coast Jews, and as a result of an overly-strict definition of Jews excluding self-described cultural or ethnic Jews. [4]
Notes
- ^ a b "NJPS 2000-01" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-14.
- ^ "NJPS 2010". 25 March 2010.
- ^ a b Harris, Ben (July 8, 2009). "Gary Tobin, head of S.F.-based Institute for Jewish & Community Research, dies at 59". Jewish News of Northern California. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
- ^ a b Wakin, Daniel J. (October 9, 2002). "A Count of U.S. Jews Sees a Dip; Others Demur". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 December 2021.