This is a list of megaprojects within the transport sector. Care should be taken in comparing the cost of projects from different times, even a few years apart due to inflation; comparing nominal costs without taking this into account can be highly misleading. Note that inflation-calculated values are current as of 2023 [update].
According to the Oxford Handbook of Megaproject Management in 2017, "Megaprojects are large-scale, complex ventures that typically cost $1 billion or more, take many years to develop and build, involve multiple public and private stakeholders, are transformational, and impact millions of people". [1]
Project | Description | Country | Location | Est. cost (in billions USD) at or near time of completion | Est. cost (in billions USD), adjusted for inflation | Start of construction | Year of completion | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Confederation Line | Rapid transit | Canada | Ottawa | 5.1 [117] | 5.8 | 2013 [118] | Completed 2019 (stage 1) Expected 2026 (stage 2) |
$2.1 billion + $4.66 billion CA$ [117] | |
Milan Metro Line 4 | Rapid transit | Italy | Milan | 2.24 [119] | 2.5 | 2014 [120] | Completed
2022 (Phase One) 2023 (Phase Two) Expected 2024 (Phase Three) |
Roughly €1.9 billion as of April 2020 [update]. | |
Lusail Tram | Light rail | Qatar | Lusail | 2.7 as of 2014 [update] [121] | 3.3 | 2016 | Completed
2022 (First part of orange line) Expected Unclear timeline for rest of lines/stations |
||
Hyderabad Metro | Rapid transit | India | Hyderabad | 2.4 as of November 2017 [update] [122] | 2.8 | 2012 | Completed
2018 (First stretch) 2020 (Second stretch) Expected Unclear timeline for rest of lines/stations |
||
Trans-Sumatra Toll Road | Highway | Indonesia | Sumatra | 33.2 [123] | 35.5 | Completed Several segments at varying times (2019-2022) Expected 2023, 2024 (Remaining segments) |
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K Line | Light rail | United States | Los Angeles | 2.1 [124] | 2.2 | 2014 | Completed 2022 (first section) Expected 2024 (rest of line) |
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WestConnex | Tunnel (road) | Australia | Sydney | 14 [125] | 17 | 2015 | Completed Several segments at varying times (2016-2023) Expected 2023 (Remaining segments) |
($16.8 billion AUD) | |
Skyline | Railway | United States | Oʻahu | 12.4 [126] | 13.3 | 2011 | Completed 2023 (Phase 1) Expected 2025 (Phase 2) 2031 (Phase 3) |
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Sydney Metro | Rapid transit | Australia | Sydney | 14.2 [127] | 15.2 | 2013 | Completed 2019 (Phase 1) Expected 2030 (remaining phases) |
AUD $20.5 billion (Stage 1 and 2) [127] | |
El Insurgente | Commuter rail | Mexico | State of Mexico; Mexico City | 2.8 [128] | 3.1 | 2015 | Completed 2023 (Zinacantepec to Lerma) Expected 2024 (Lerma to Observatorio) |
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Kınalı-Balıkesir Motorway | Highway | Turkey | Tekirdağ to Balıkesir | 2 [129] | 2.4 | 2017 | Completed 2023 (Malkara-Lapseki) Expected 2024 (remaining phases) |
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Lagos Rail Mass Transit | Rapid transit, Commuter rail | Nigeria | Lagos | 3.6 [130] [131] | 3.6 | 2009 | Completed 2023 (Blue Line) Expected 2024 (Red Line) |
||
A-1 motorway | Highway | Montenegro | Montenegro | 3.7 [132] [133] | 3.7 | 2015 [134] | Completed 2023 (first 43 km section) Expected |
(2.77 billion €) |
Project | Description | Country | Location | Status (suspended or abandoned) | Approximate cost (in billions USD) and year of cost estimate | Start of construction | Year suspended | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Northern Latitudinal Railway | Railway | Russia | Labytnangi (Obskaya) - Korotchaevo | Suspended | 3.03 (2018) [229] | 2018 | 2022 |
Project | Description | Location | Approximate cost (in billions USD) | Proposed start of construction | Proposed year of completion | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Great Istanbul Tunnel | Railway, Undersea tunnel | Istanbul, Turkey | 3.5 [230] | TBD | TBD | After Marmaray and Eurasia Tunnel's, it will be the third tunnel to connect Istanbul's sides. |
Arctic Railway | Railway | Finland, Norway | 3.43 [231] | TBD | TBD | A connecting line between Kirkenes port and the Finnish railway network. |
Bridge of the Horns | Bridge (rail/road) | Djibouti, Yemen | 20 | TBD | TBD | A bridge across the Red Sea. |
Crossrail 2 | Railway, Commuter rail, Rapid transit | Greater London, United Kingdom | 49.4 in 2014 money [232] | 2023 | 2030s[ citation needed] | A new railway line in England, serving London, Surrey & Hertfordshire to interlink with Crossrail (above). |
Helsinki City Rail Loop | Commuter Rail | Finland | 1.77 [233] | TBD | TBD | An underground rail loop in Helsinki. |
Helsinki–Tallinn Tunnel | Railway, Undersea tunnel | Finland, Estonia | 17.74 [234] | TBD | TBD | |
Irish Sea Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | United Kingdom | 20.55 [235] | TBD | TBD | A proposed bridge between Scotland and Northern Ireland, supported by the Johnson ministry. [236] |
Lentorata | Railway tunnel | Finland | 6.5 [237] | 2030 | TBD | An airport rail link for Helsinki Airport. |
Malacca Strait Bridge | Bridge (road) | Indonesia, Malaysia | 14 [238] | TBD | TBD | A proposed 48 kilometer bridge over the Strait of Malacca. |
MetroLink (Dublin) | Rapid transit | Greater Dublin Area, Ireland | 9.83 [239] | 2025 | 2031-2034 | |
Saudi–Egypt Causeway | Causeway | Saudi Arabia, Egypt | 4 | TBD | TBD | |
Strait of Messina Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | Italy | 6.6 | TBD | TBD | |
Sunda Strait Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | Indonesia | 18.87 [240] | TBD | TBD | The project has been indefinitely postponed. [241] |
Singapore Strait crossing | Tunnel (undersea) | Singapore, Indonesia | TBD | TBD | TBD | A proposed tunnel between Singapore and Indonesia. |
Qatar–Bahrain Causeway | Causeway | Qatar, Bahrain | 5 | TBD | TBD | |
Brightline West | High-speed rail | California and Nevada | 10 [242] | 2023 | 2027 | |
Texas Central Railway | High-speed rail | Texas | 5.9 | TBD | TBD | Would operate between Dallas and Houston, with a stop in the Brazos Valley region |
LinkUS | Rapid transit | Columbus, Ohio | 8 [243] | 2024 | 2030 | Cost includes three rapid-transit corridors set to open by 2030, and two more by 2050. [243] [244] |
Second Avenue Subway, Phase 2 | Rapid transit | New York City | 6.39 [245] | TBD | TBD | Project was moved to the engineering stage in January 2022. [246] |
Gateway Tunnel | Tunnel (rail) | New York City to New Jersey ( Hudson River) | 16.1 [247] | TBD | TBD | |
Interborough Express | Light rail | New York City | 5.5 [248] (in 2027 dollars) [249] | TBD | TBD | New light rail line, built largely along existing tracks, connecting Brooklyn and Queens. Still in planning stages. |
Rio de Janeiro Light Rail Expansion | Light rail | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 3 [250] | 2023 | 2025 (at least first sections) | Would add 145.5 km (90.4 mi) to existing light rail network |
Bagamoyo Port | Seaport | Bagamoyo, Tanzania | 10 [251] | 2023 | ||
Valparaíso–Santiago rail replacement | Railway | Valparaíso and Santiago, Chile | 1.32 [252] | 2025 | 2030 | |
D2 Subway | Light rail | Dallas | 1.7-1.9 [253] | TBD | 2028 | |
City Centre–Māngere Line | Light rail | New Zealand | 8.7 [254] | TBD | TBD | In the detailed planning phase. Would connect Auckland Airport to the CBD, terminating at Wynyard Quarter |
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Work performed as part of the $2.1 billion RPM Phase One project will make commuting better for all CTA riders with improved service and modern rail stations that are fully accessible to people with disabilities.