This is a list of major stock exchange mergers and acquisitions in the Americas. It also features the name of any resultant stock exchanges from mergers or acquisitions. According to Robert E. Wright of Bloomberg in 2013, historians assert that "rather than exhibiting a trend of constant consolidation, the number of exchanges active across the globe has waxed and waned several times over the past 200 years... During periods of heightened regulation, political turmoil or communication advances, exchanges tend to fail or merge. Economic prosperity, increased financial speculation and high levels of market uncertainty, by contrast, drive new entries." [1]
The National Stock Exchange ceased trading operations on May 30, 2014, bringing the number of active stock exchanges in the United States to 11. Bloomberg wrote that this left "just one public exchange, Chicago Stock Exchange Inc., that isn’t owned BATS, Nasdaq OMX Group or IntercontinentalExchange Group Inc." [2]
Major mergers or acquisitions
Canada
- 1901: Standard Stock Exchange merged with Standard Stock and Mining Exchange [3]
- 1901: Toronto Mining Exchange merged with Standard Stock and Mining Exchange [3]
- 1934: Standard Stock and Mining Exchange (Toronto) merged with Toronto Stock Exchange [3]
- 1953: Montreal Curb Market merged with Canadian Stock Exchange [3]
- 1974:
Canadian Stock Exchange merged with
Montreal Stock Exchange
[3]
- Merged entity named Montreal Stock Exchange
- November 1999: Aspect of
Montreal Stock Exchange acquired by
Canadian Venture Exchange
- Name kept as Canadian Venture Exchange
- November 1999:
Alberta Stock Exchange acquired by
Canadian Venture Exchange
[3]
- Name kept as Canadian Venture Exchange
- November 1999:
Vancouver Stock Exchange acquired by
Canadian Venture Exchange
[3]
- Name kept as Canadian Venture Exchange
- 2007: Winnipeg Commodity Exchange merged with International Securities Exchange [3]
- 2008:
Boston Options Exchange acquired by
Montreal Exchange
[4]
- Name kept as Boston Options Exchange as subsidiary
- 2008: Montreal Stock Exchange merged with Toronto Stock Exchange [3]
Mexico
- 14 June 1895:
Bolsa de México (Stock Exchange of Mexico) merged with
Bolsa Nacional (National Stock Exchange)
- Name changed to Bolsa de México
- 1975:
Guadalajara Stock Exchange acquired by
Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (Mexican Stock Exchange)
- Name changed to Bolsa Mexicana de Valores
- 1975:
Monterrey Stock Exchange acquired by
Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (Mexican Stock Exchange)
- Name changed to Bolsa Mexicana de Valores
United States
- 1865:
New York Gold Exchange acquired by the
New York Stock Exchange
[5]
- Name not changed as subsidiary
- 1869:
Open Board of Stock Brokers merged with the
New York Stock Exchange
[1]
- Name retained as New York Stock Exchange (then the New York Stock and Exchange Board) [1]
- 1877:
New-York Open Gold and Stock Exchange acquired by the
American Mining and Stock Exchange
- Name retained as American Mining and Stock Exchange [6]
- 1877:
American Mining and Stock Exchange acquired by the
New York Mining Stock Exchange
[7]
- Name changed to New York Mining Stock Exchange [7]
- 1883:
National Petroleum Exchange acquired by the
New York Mining Stock Exchange
[8]
- Name changed to New-York Mining Stock and National Petroleum Exchange. [9]
- 1885:
New-York Petroleum Exchange and Stock Board merged with the
New-York Mining and National Petroleum Exchange
[10]
- Name changed to Consolidated Stock and Petroleum Exchange [10]
- September 1900:
California Oil Exchange acquired by
Los Angeles Stock Exchange
- Name changed to Los Angeles Stock Exchange
- 1900: California Oil Exchange acquired by Producer's Oil Exchange [3]
- September 1909:
Los Angeles Nevada Mining Exchange acquired by
Los Angeles Stock Exchange
- Name changed to Los Angeles Stock Exchange
- 1910: California Stock and Oil Exchange acquired by San Francisco Stock Exchange [3]
- 1 October 1935:
Seattle Curb and Mining Exchange acquired by
Seattle Stock Exchange
- Name changed to Seattle Stock Exchange [11]
- 1938: San Francisco Curb Exchange absorbed by the San Francisco Stock Exchange [12]
- 1949:
Baltimore Stock Exchange merged with the
Philadelphia Stock Exchange
[13]
- Name changed to Philadelphia-Baltimore Stock Exchange [14]
- September 1949:
St. Louis Stock Exchange acquired by
Chicago Stock Exchange
[15]
- Name changed to Midwest Stock Exchange
- October 1949:
Cleveland Stock Exchange acquired by
Chicago Stock Exchange
[16]
- Name changed to Midwest Stock Exchange
- 1949:
Minneapolis-St. Paul Stock Exchange acquired by
Chicago Stock Exchange
- Name changed to Midwest Stock Exchange
- 1959:
New Orleans Stock Exchange acquired by
Midwest Stock Exchange
- Name changed to Midwest Stock Exchange
- 1958:
San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange merged with
Los Angeles Oil Exchange
- Name changed to Pacific Coast Stock Exchange
- 1964:
Washington Stock Exchange acquired by the
Philadelphia-Baltimore Stock Exchange
- Name changed to Philadelphia-Baltimore-Washington Stock Exchange
- 1969:
Pittsburgh Stock Exchange acquired by the
Philadelphia-Baltimore-Washington Stock Exchange
[17]
- Name changed to Philadelphia Stock Exchange
- 1986:
Intermountain Stock Exchange acquired by
Commodity Exchange, Inc. (COMEX)
- Intermountain Stock Exchange ceased operating and went dormant
- 1994: Commodity Exchange merged with New York Mercantile Exchange [3]
- 1998: Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange merged with the New York Board of Trade [3]
- 2005:
Pacific Stock Exchange merged with
NYSE
[18]
- Name changed to NYSE Arca
- 2006: Archipelago acquired by NYSE Euronext [3]
- 2007: Chicago Board of Trade merged with Chicago Mercantile Exchange [3]
- October 2, 2007:
Boston Stock Exchange acquired by
NASDAQ
[19]
- Renamed NASDAQ OMX BX
- July 24, 2008:
Philadelphia Stock Exchange acquired by
NASDAQ
[20]
- Name changed to NASDAQ OMX PHLX [21]
- 2008:
Boston Options Exchange acquired by
Montreal Exchange
[4]
- Name kept as Boston Options Exchange
- 2008:
American Stock Exchange absorbed by
NYSE Euronext
[3]
[22]
- Name changed to NYSE Alternext U.S. [23]
- 2011:
National Stock Exchange acquired by
CBOE Stock Exchange
[24]
- Both exchanges kept their separate names. [24]
- 2014:
Direct Edge merged with
BATS Global Markets
[25]
- Name changed to BATS Global Markets
- February 2017:
National Stock Exchange acquired by the
New York Stock Exchange
[26]
- National Stock Exchange ceased, with plans to reopen under the NYSE. [26]
- 2017: BATS Global Markets to be acquired by Chicago Board Options Exchange [27]
See also
- List of stock exchanges
- List of stock exchanges in the Americas
- List of former stock exchanges in the Americas
References
- ^ a b c E. Wright, Robert (January 8, 2013). "The NYSE's Long History of Mergers and Rivalries". Bloomberg. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
- ^ Mamudi, Sam (2014-05-02). "National Stock Exchange Files With SEC to Halt Operations". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2014-06-15.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p https://wsbfiles.wsb.wisc.edu/digital/kakavajecz/intellcont_journal/JKS_Exchanges_090411-1.pdf [ bare URL PDF]
- ^ a b "BOX Promotes Liquidity in Most Liquid Names" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-09-18.
- ^ George Winslow, "New York Gold Market" in The Encyclopedia of New York City (2d ed.: eds. Kenneth T. Jackson, Lisa Keller & Nancy Flood).
- ^ "The Rival Stock Exchanges". The New York Times. New York City, United States. June 14, 1877. p. 8. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
- ^ a b Nelson, Samuel Armstrong (1907). The Consolidated Stock Exchange of New York: Its History, Organization, Machinery and Methods.
- ^ Nelson, Samuel Armstrong (1907). The Consolidated Stock Exchange of New York: Its History, Organization, Machinery and Methods. p. 19.
- ^ "The Oil Exchange Consolidation". The New York Times. New York City. December 12, 1883. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
- ^ a b "Stock Exchange Monolopy". The New York Times. New York City, United States. March 21, 1886. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
- ^ "Seattle Has Stock Exchange; Trading to Begin Tomorrow" (PDF). The Seattle Times. Washington. March 13, 1927. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 11, 2016. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
- ^ San Francisco in the 1930s: The WPA Guide to the City by the Bay, 5 April 2011, ISBN 9780520268807, retrieved June 2, 2017
- ^ "German Street Baltimore'S 201-year-old Alex. Brown..." The Baltimore Sun. Baltimore. October 15, 2001. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
- ^ E. Thomas, George (March 17, 2010). The Philadelphia Stock Exchange and the City It Made. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 235. ISBN 9780812242249.
- ^ "Five Midwest Exchanges Agree On Sept. 15 for Effective Merger; Chicago, Cleveland, St. Louis, Cincinnati and Twin Cities Stock Marts Will Open as One About 60 Days After That Date". The New York Times. New York City, New York, United States. August 17, 1949. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
- ^ "Cleveland Stock Exchange Dissolved". The Evening Independent. Cleveland, Ohio. 11 October 1949. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- ^ Gigler, Rich (August 24, 1974). "The City Stock Exchange Closes as a Victim of the Times". The Pittsburgh Press. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
- ^ Anderson, Jenny (2005-01-04). "Market Owner Agrees to Buy Pacific Exchange". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2015-11-17.
- ^ "Nasdaq to Acquire Boston Stock Exchange". The Wall Street Journal. October 3, 2007.
- ^ PHLX.COM * Philadelphia Stock Exchange * The Nation's First Stock Exchange
- ^ Market Hours, NASDAQ OMX PHLX via Wikinvest
- ^ "NYSE Amex Equities Information". New York Stock Exchange. Archived from the original on 2011-03-19. Retrieved 2017-09-03.
- ^ "Notice of Upcoming NYSE System Changes To Support the NYSE/Amex Integration (NYSE Alternext U.S.)". New York Stock Exchange. July 7, 2008. Archived from the original on March 17, 2013. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
- ^ a b "CBOE Stock Exchange Completes Acquisition of National Stock Exchange". CBOE Stock Exchange Press Release. 9 January 2012. Archived from the original on 9 May 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
-
^
"BATS Global Markets and Direct Edge Complete Merger" (PDF). 3 February 2014.
{{ cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=( help) - ^ a b "NYSE Group to Cease Operations of National Stock Exchange upon Closing of Transaction" (PDF). Retrieved 2017-01-19.
- ^ "CBOE Will Acquire BATS Global Markets for $3.2 Billion". fortune.com. 26 September 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2016.