This page presents the same tunnels as in list of tunnels by length in separate lists according to the different tunnel types.
Note: This list only contains tunnels that are longer than 25 km (16 mi).
Note: This list only contains tunnels that are longer than 25 km (16 mi).
Name | Location | Length | Expected completion |
Line |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mont d'Ambin base tunnel [6] | France/Italy ( Cottian Alps) | 57.5 km (35.7 mi) | 2029 [7] | Lyon Turin Ferroviaire |
Brenner Base Tunnel | Austria/Italy ( Stubai Alps) | 55 km (34.2 mi) | 2028 [8] | Brenner Railway |
Yigong Tunnel 易贡隧道 [9] [10] | China ( Tibet) | 42.5 km (26.4 mi) | 2030 | Nyingchi–Ya'an railway |
Sejila Mountain Tunnel 色季拉山隧道 [9] [10] | China (Tibet) | 37.9 km (23.5 mi) | 2030 | Nyingchi–Ya'an railway |
Metropolitan Area Tunnel No. 1 [11] | Japan ( Tokyo) | 37.168 km (23.1 mi) | 2027+ | Chūō Shinkansen |
Pearl River Tunnel 珠江隧道 [12] | China ( Guangdong) | 36.043 km (22.4 mi) | 2021 | Guangzhou–Foshan circular intercity railway |
Duomuge Tunnel 多木格隧道 [9] | China (Tibet) | 36 km (22.4 mi) | 2030 | Nyingchi–Ya'an railway |
Gaoligongshan Tunnel | China ( Yunnan) | 34.5 km (21.5 mi) | 2022 | Dali-Ruili Railway |
Chukyo Area Tunnel No.1 [11] | Japan ( Aichi) | 34.210 km (21.3 mi) | 2027+ | Chūō Shinkansen |
Koralm Tunnel | Austria ( Koralpe) | 32.9 km (20.4 mi) | 2026 [13] | Koralm Railway |
Oshima Tunnel | Japan ( Hokkaido) | 32.675 km (20.3 mi) | 2031 | Hokkaidō Shinkansen |
Mangkangshan Tunnel | China (Tibet) | 29.4 km (18.3 mi) | 2026 | Kangding-Linzhi Railway |
Ping'an Tunnel | China ( Sichuan) |
|
2023 | Chengdu–Lanzhou Railway |
Semmering Base Tunnel | Austria ( Raxalpe) | 27.3 km (17.0 mi) | 2027 [14] | Southern Railway |
Valico Tunnel | Italy (Liguria, Piedmont) | 27.250 km (16.9 mi) | 2023 | Tortona–Genoa high-speed railway |
Sasson Tunnel | Japan (Hokkaido) | 26.2 km (16.3 mi) | 2031 | Hokkaidō Shinkansen |
Musil Tunnel | South Korea ( Wonju) | 25.1 km (15.6 mi) | 2020[ needs update] | Jungang Line |
Minshan Tunnel | China ( Sichuan) | 25.0 km (15.6 mi) | 2023 | Chengdu–Lanzhou Railway |
Southern Alps Tunnel [11] | Japan ( Nagano, Shizuoka, Yamanashi) | 25.019 km (15.5 mi) | 2027+ | Chūō Shinkansen |
Only continuous tunnel sections should be included, at least 35 km (22 mi) long, excluding branches from the longest tunnel.
Only continuous tunnel sections should be included, at least 30 km (19 mi) long.
Name | System | Stations | Length | Expected completion |
---|---|---|---|---|
Line 15 | Paris Métro | (circle route, all underground) | 75 km (46.6 mi) | 2022–2030 |
Bolshaya Koltsevaya line | Moscow Metro | (circle route, all underground) | 69 km (42.9 mi) [15] | 2018 [a] |
Cross Island line | Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) | (Linear route with branch section, all underground) | 65.5 km (40.7 mi) [b] | 2029–2031 |
Line 18 | Guangzhou Metro | Guangzhou East railway station to Wanqingsha | 65.3 km (40.6 mi) | 2021-2022 |
Thomson–East Coast line | Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) | (Linear route, all underground excluding last 2 km [1.2 mi]) | 56.4 km (35.0 mi) | 2019–2024 [c] |
L9 / L10 | Barcelona Metro | 43.7 km (27.2 mi) [d] | 2016 [e] |
Name | Location | Length | Year | Tubes | Road | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lærdal | Norway ( Lærdal - Aurland) | 24.51 km (15.2 mi) | 2000 | 1 | E16 | Longest road tunnel in the world. |
Yamate Tunnel | Japan ( Tokyo) | 18.20 km (11.3 mi) | 2007 2010 2015 |
2 | C2, Shuto Expressway | |
Zhongnanshan Tunnel | China ( Shaanxi) | 18.04 km (11.2 mi) | 2007 | 2 | G65, Xi'an- Zhashui Expressway [16] | |
Jinpingshan Tunnel [17] [18] | China ( Sichuan) | 17.54 km (10.9 mi) | 2011 | 2 | between sites of Jinping-I and Jinping-II Hydropower Station | 2 tubes, 17.540 km and 17.485 km |
St. Gotthard | Switzerland ( Uri - Ticino) | 16.918 km (10.5 mi) | 1980 | 1 | A2/ E35 | "World's longest tunnel" 1980 - 2000 |
Zigana Tunnel [19] | Turkey ( Maçka - Torul) | 14.481 km (9.0 mi) | 2023 | 2 | D.885, E97 | |
Ovit Tunnel | Turkey ( İkizdere - İspir) | 14.346 km (8.9 mi) | 2018 [20] | 2 | D.925 | |
Ryfylke tunnel | Norway | 14.3 km (8.9 mi) | 2019 | 2 | 13 | The longest underwater road tunnel in the world |
Arlberg | Austria ( Vorarlberg - Tyrol) | 13.972 km (8.7 mi) | 1978 | 1 | S16/ E60 | "World's longest tunnel" 1979 - 1980 |
Xishan Tunnel | China ( Shanxi) | 13.654 km (8.5 mi) | 2012 [21] | 2 | S56 Shanxi Taiyuan- Gujiao Expressway | Left tube:13.654 m, right tube:13.570 m |
New Erlangshan Tunnel [22] | China ( Sichuan) | 13.433 km (8.3 mi) | 2018 | 2 | Ya'an- Kangding Expressway | Left tube: 13.433 m, right tube: 13.381 m |
Hongtiguan Tunnel | China ( Shanxi) | 13.122 km (8.2 mi) | 2013 [23] | 2 | S76 Shanxi Changzhi- Pingshun Expressway | Left tube: 13.122 m, right tube: 13.098 m [24] |
Hsuehshan | Taiwan | 12.942 km (8.0 mi) | 2006 | 2 | 5 | |
Fréjus | France - Italy | 12.895 km (8.0 mi) | 1980 | 1 | E70 | |
KPE & MCE Expressway Tunnel | Singapore | 12.46 km (7.7 mi) | 2008 2013 |
1* | Kallang–Paya Lebar Expressway (KPE) and Marina Coastal Expressway (MCE) | Tunnel section of KPE (8.13 km) and MCE (4.33 km) are contiguous, hence classified as one tunnel. *Dual carriageway 12 Lanes of traffic (maximum width: 70m) with each direction separated only by a full-height wall, thus considered to be one tube. |
Maijishan Tunnel | China ( Gansu) | 12.29 km (7.6 mi) | 2009 | 2 | G30, Baoji- Tianshui Expressway | 2 tubes, 12.290 km and 12.286 km |
Mt. Blanc | France - Italy ( Alps) | 11.611 km (7.2 mi) | 1965 | 1 | E25 | "World's longest tunnel" 1965 - 1979 |
Gudvangen | Norway ( Gudvangen - Flåm) | 11.428 km (7.1 mi) | 1991 | 1 | E16 | |
Yunshan Tunnel | China ( Shanxi) | 11.408 km (7.1 mi) | 2014 | 2 | G2516 Dongyin-Luliang Expressway | Left tube: 11.408 m, right tube: 11.377 m |
Eysturoyartunnilin | Faroe Islands | 11.238 km (7.0 mi) | 2020 | 1 | Forked with roundabout and 3 entries. Segments 7.5 km (4.7 mi), 2.2 km (1.4 mi) and 1.7 km (1.1 mi) long. | |
Baojiashan Tunnel | China ( Shaanxi) | 11.200 km (7.0 mi) | 2009 [25] | 2 | G65, Xi'an- Ankang Expressway | Left tube: 11.200 m, right tube: 11.195 m |
Folgefonna | Norway ( Odda - Eitrheim) | 11.15 km (6.9 mi) | 2001 | 1 | 49 | |
Kan-etsu | Japan ( Gunma - Niigata) | 11.055 km (6.9 mi) | 1985 1991 |
2 | Kan-Etsu Expressway | Two tubes (the older 10.926 m) |
Inje-Yangyang Tunnel | South Korea (Gangwon Province) | 10.962 km (6.85 mi) | 2017 | 2 | Seoul–Yangyang Expressway | 10.965 km (Seoul bound) / 10.962 km (Yangyang bound) |
Toven Tunnel [26] | Norway | 10.655 km (6.6 mi) | 2014 | 1 | 78 | |
Baotashan [27] | China ( Shanxi) | 10.480 km (6.512 mi) | 2012 [28] | 2 | S66 Shanxi Hefen Expressway | Left tube: 10.192 m, right tube: 10.480 m |
Hida | Japan ( Gifu) | 10.71 km (6.7 mi) | 2008 | 1 | Tokai-Hokuriku Expressway | |
Gran Sasso d'Italia | Italy ( Abruzzo) | 10.176 km (6.3 mi) | 1984 1995 |
2 | A24 | Two tubes (the newer 10.173 m) |
Jondal Tunnel | Norway ( Mauranger - Jondal) | 10.05 km (6.2 mi) | 2012 | 1 | 49 | |
Nibashan Tunnel [a] | China ( Sichuan) | 10.007 km (6.2 mi) | 2012 [29] | 2 | G5, Beijing- Kunming Expressway | 2 tubes, 10.007 km and 9.962 km |
Duplex A86 | France ( Rueil-Malmaison - Versailles) | 10 km (6.2 mi) | 2009/2011 | 1* | A86 | *the two two-lane directions are superimposed (hence duplex) in one tube |
Lowari Tunnel | Pakistan | 8.5 km (5.3 mi) | 1975 2017 |
1 | N-45 / Dir-Chitral Highway | Part of a group of two consecutive tunnels: 8.5 km (5.3 mi) and 1.9 km (1.2 mi) |
Many more tunnels exist that are shorter than 10 kilometres (6 mi) |
Name | Location | Length | Year | Tubes | Road | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boknafjord Tunnel [30] | Norway ( Stavanger) | 26.7 km (16.6 mi) [31] | 2031 | 2 | European route E39 | Mostly underwater. Will have a record depth of 390 m below sea level. A side tunnel (Kvitsøy Tunnel, 4 km) will connect Kvitsøy. Construction began on 4 January 2018. |
Tianshan Shengli Tunnel | China ( Xinjiang) | 22.1 km (13.7 mi) [32] | 2025 | 2 | Ürümqi–Ruoqiang Expressway | |
Bypass Stockholm [33] | Sweden ( Stockholm) | 16.5 km (10.3 mi) | 2030 [34] | 2 | E4 | |
Tokyo Gaikan Tunnel | Japan ( Tokyo) | 16.2 km (10.1 mi) | 2030 | 2 | C3 Tokyo Gaikan Expressway | |
Zoji-la Tunnel | India (Jammu Kashmir) | 14.2 km (8.8 mi) | 2026 [35] | 1 | Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway [36] | |
Micangshan Tunnel[ citation needed] | China ( Sichuan) | 13.833 km (8.6 mi) | 2018[ needs update] | 2 | Bazhong- Shaanxi Expressway | Left tube: 13.833 m, right tube: 13.792 m [37] |
Fjarðarheiðargöng | Iceland | 13.500 km (8.4 mi) | 2024 | 1 | Route 93 | In planning. Actual construction starts in 2022. |
Dongtianshan Tunnel | China ( Xinjiang) | 13.240 km (8.2 mi) | 2020[ needs update] | 1 | National Highway G575 | |
Huangtuliang Tunnel | China ( Sichuan) | 13.010 km (8.1 mi) | 2021 | 2 | Mianyang- JiuzhaigouExpressway | |
NSC Expressway Tunnel | Singapore | 12.5 km (7.8 mi) | 2026 | 1 | North-South Corridor, Singapore | Tunnel sections of NSC are (10.4 km), while sub-surface section is (2.1 km). Dual carriageway of 6 lanes with each direction separated only by a full-height wall, thus considered to be one tube. |
Gaoloushan Tunnel | China ( Gansu) | 12.248 km (7.6 mi) | 2020[ needs update] | 2 | Pingliang- Mianyang Expressway | |
Murovdag Tunnel | Azerbaijan ( Kalbajar) | 11.600 km (7.2 mi) | ?? | 2 | ||
Yunshan Tunnel | China ( Shanxi) | 11.408 km (7.1 mi) | ?? | 2 | S66 Shanxi Hefen Expressway | Left tube: 11.408 m, right tube: 11.377 m |
Sandoyartunnilin | Faroe Islands | 10.900 km (6.8 mi) | 2023 [38] | 1 | ||
Many more tunnels that are shorter than 10 kilometres (6 mi) are under construction |
Name | Location | Length | Year | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delaware Aqueduct | New York, United States | 137 km (85.1 mi) | 1945 | Water supply. Drilled through solid rock. | |
Päijänne Water Tunnel | Southern Finland, Finland | 120 km (74.6 mi) | 1982 | Water supply (16 m2 cross section) | |
Dahuofang Water Tunnel | Liaoning Province, China | 85.3 km (53.0 mi) | 2009 | Water supply (8 m in diameter [39]) | |
Orange–Fish River Tunnel | South Africa | 82.8 km (51.4 mi) | 1975 | Irrigation (22.5 m2 cross section) | |
Bolmen Water Tunnel | Kronoberg/ Scania, Sweden | 82 km (51.0 mi) | 1987 | Water supply, 8 m2. | |
Želivka Water Tunnel [40] | Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic | 51.1 km (31.8 mi) | 1972 | Water supply, 5 m2. | |
Arpa- Sevan Tunnel [41] |
Armenia (at the time of construction USSR) |
48.3 km (30.0 mi) | 1981 | Water supply | |
#1 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi North Line | Shanxi, China | 43.7 km (27.2 mi) | 2011 | Water supply | |
#7 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line | Shanxi, China | 43.5 km (27.0 mi) | 2002 | Water supply | |
High Island Water Tunnels | Sai Kung Peninsula, New Territories, Hong Kong | 40 km (24.9 mi) | 1976 | Water supply | |
Kárahnjúkar Hydropower Plant | Eastern Region, Iceland | 39.7 km (24.7 mi) | 2003-2007 | Hydroelectric. 7.2-7.6 meters in diameter. Part of a wider complex of tunnels that are 72 kilometers in length combined | |
Quabbin Aqueduct | Massachusetts, United States | 39.6 km (24.6 mi) | 1905 | Water supply | |
Evanger Hydropower Plant | Evanger, Norway | 34.4 km (21.4 mi) | 1977 | Hydroelectric. 30 m2 | |
Talave Tunnel | Albacete, Spain | 31.8 km (19.8 mi) | 1979 | Part of the Tagus-Segura Water Transfer. | |
Evinos - Mornos Tunnel [42] [43] | Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece | 29.4 km (18.3 mi) | 1992-1995 | Water supply | |
Palacio - Río blanco Tunnel [44] | Bogotá, Colombia | 28.4 km (17.6 mi) | 1984 | Water supply | |
Melamchi Water Tunnel | Nepal, Melamchi to Kathmandu | 27 km (16.8 mi) | 2021 [45] | Water supply | |
Şanlıurfa Irrigation Tunnels | Turkey | 26.4 km (16.4 mi) | 2005 | Irrigation [46] | |
Gilgel Gibe II Power Station headrace tunnel | Ethiopia | 26 km (16.2 mi) | 2005-2009 | Hydroelectric. Tunnel partially collapsed, was repaired in 2010. [47] [48] | |
Tai Lam Chung Tunnels | Tai Lam Chung to Chai Wan Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong | 24.45 km (15.19 mi) | 1957-1974 | Water supply | |
Grande Dixence headrace tunnel | Switzerland | 24 km (14.9 mi) | 1951-2010 | Hydroelectric. Total tunnel system 100 km. [49] | |
Kishanganga Hydroelectric Project | India | 23.2 km (14.4 mi) [50] [51] | 2017 | Hydroelectric | |
Tala Hydroelectricity Project headrace tunnel | Bhutan | 22 km (13.7 mi) | 2004 [52] | Hydroelectric. 6.8 meters in diameter. | |
Vorotan- Arpa Tunnel | Armenia | 21.7 km (13.5 mi) | 2004 | Water supply. | |
Plover Cove Stage 1 Tunnels | Plover Cove, New Territories, Hong Kong | 20.2 km (12.6 mi) | 1965-1971 | Water supply | |
Olmos Transandino Project | Peru | 20 km (12.4 mi) | 2011 [53] | Water supply | |
Mantaro Hydroelectricity Project | Peru | 19.8 km (12.3 mi) | 1973 [54] | Hydroelectric | |
Tatev Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel |
Armenia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) |
18.4 km (11.4 mi) | 1970 | Hydroelectric | |
Plover Cove Stage 2 Tunnels | Plover Cove, New Territories, Hong Kong | 18.2 km (11.3 mi) | 1967 | Water supply | |
Suruç Water Tunnel | Suruç, Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey | 17.2 km (10.7 mi) | 2014 [55] | Irrigation | |
Mavi Tünel (Blue Tunnel) [56] | Konya, Turkey | 17 km (10.6 mi) | 2012 | Irrigation | |
Sri Ranganayaka Sagar - Kondapochamma Sagar Tunnel [57] | Telangana, India | 16.18 km (10.1 mi) [58] | 2020 | Irrigation. Part of Link-IV, Package-12 of Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project. | |
Inguri Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel |
Georgia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) |
15.3 km (9.5 mi) | 1978 | Hydroelectric | |
Many more tunnels exist that are shorter than 15 kilometres (9 mi) |
Name | Location | Length | Year | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ramappa to Dharmasagar Tunnel [59] | Telangana, India | 49.06 km (30.5 mi) | 2022[ needs update] | Irrigation. Part of J. Chokka Rao Devadula lift irrigation sceheme [60] [61] | ||
Srisailam Left Bank Canal Tunnel - I [62] | Srisailam Dam, India | 43.931 km (27.3 mi) | 2021[ needs update] [63] [64] | Irrigation | ||
Mae Taeng–Mae Ngat Tunnel [65] | Chiang Mai, Thailand | 25.624 km (15.9 mi) | 2021[ needs update] | Irrigation. 4 m in diameter | ||
Mae Ngat–Mae Kuang Tunnel [65] | Chiang Mai, Thailand | 22.975 km (14.3 mi) | 2021[ needs update] | Irrigation. 4.2 m in diameter | ||
Poola Subbaiah Veligonda Project Tunnel - II [66] [61] | Andhra Pradesh, India | 18.83 km (11.7 mi) | 2021[ needs update] | Irrigation | ||
Poola Subbaiah Veligonda Project Tunnel - I [66] [61] | Andhra Pradesh, India | 18.82 km (11.7 mi) | 2020[ needs update] [67] | Irrigation | ||
Many more tunnels that are shorter than 15 kilometres (9 mi) are under construction |
Note: There are buried oil and gas pipelines, up to several thousand kilometers long. See also:
Name | Location | Country | Length | Trail |
---|---|---|---|---|
Snoqualmie Tunnel | King and Kittitas Counties, Washington | United States | 3,625 m (11,893 ft) [68] | Palouse to Cascades State Park Trail |
Fyllingsdalstunnelen | Bergen | Norway | 2,900 m (9,514 ft) [69] [70] | Fyllingsdalen to Bergen City Center |
St. Paul Pass Tunnel | Montana and Idaho | United States | 2,736 m (8,976 ft) | The Route of the Hiawatha |
Slavošovský tunel | Slavošovce, Košický kraj | Slovakia | 2,400 m (7,874 ft) | Slavošovce to Revúca blue Trail number 2589 |
Old Caoling Tunnel | Yilan County and New Taipei City | Taiwan | 2,167 m (7,110 ft) | Abandoned single-track railway tunnel |
Kerem Tunnel | Jerusalem | Israel | 2,100 m (6,890 ft) [71] | Jerusalem Bicycle Trails |
Sideling Hill Tunnel | Fulton County, Pennsylvania | United States | 2,067 m (6,781 ft) | Pike 2 Bike Trail |
Combe Down Tunnel | Bath, England | United Kingdom | 1,672 m (5,486 ft) | Two Tunnels Greenway |
Tunnel du Bois Clair | Sologny | France | 1,600 m (5,249 ft) | Voie Verte de Bourgogne du Sud (Chalon-sur-Saône to Mâcon) |
Niwärch Stollen | Ausserberg, Valais | Switzerland | 1,379 m (4,524 ft) | Niwärch Bisse |
Claudius Crozet Blue Ridge Tunnel | Nelson/Augusta County, Virginia | United States | 1,291 m (4,237 ft) | Claudius Crozet Blue Ridge Tunnel Trail |
Norwalk Tunnel | Elroy, Sparta, Wisconsin | United States | 1,161 m (3,809 ft) | Elroy-Sparta State Trail |
Wassertunnel Gredetschtal | Mund | Switzerland | 1,120 m (3,675 ft) | Wyssa Suonen Trail |
Tidenham Tunnel | Tidenham and Tintern | United Kingdom | 1,086 m (3,563 ft) | Wye Valley Greenway |
Karangahake Tunnel | Waihi | New Zealand | 1,086 m (3,563 ft) | Hauraki Rail Trail |
Rays Hill Tunnel | Bedford & Fulton Counties, Pennsylvania | United States | 1,076 m (3,530 ft) | Pike 2 Bike Trail |
Bonassola Pastorelli Tunnel | Bonassola | Italy | 1,036 m (3,399 ft) | Pista Ciclopedonale Maremonti |
Kennerdell Tunnel | Venango County, Pennsylvania | United States | 1,021 m (3,350 ft) | Erie to Pittsburgh Trail |
Big Savage Tunnel | Somerset County, Pennsylvania | United States | 1,004 m (3,294 ft) | Great Allegheny Passage |
Most of the tunnels listed were built for other purposes, and have not been redesigned. The Fyllingsdalentunnelen is one example of a tunnel built to purpose from the start.
{{
cite web}}
: |author=
has generic name (
help)
{{
cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (
link)
The EVINOS-MORNOS tunnel project with its 30 km of length is one of the longest hydraulic tunnel in the world realised with TBM method. The adverse geological conditions, the high cover and the short construction schedule were a great challenge for the successful construction of this tunnel. The paper will describe: the criteria adopted for the tunnel design, the selection of the construction methods and equipment, the productions of the 4 TBMs adopted and the comparison of the behaviour of the different type of TBMs in the various rock conditions, including special conditions, the characteristics of the adopted in situ and precast linings, a comparison between the foreseen and actual construction schedules, the contractual implications of realising a tunnel in such a severe and complex conditions.
Norway's Bergen is opening the world's longest purpose-built pedestrian and bicycle tunnel today.