From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Day of the year
July 7 is the 188th day of the year (189th in
leap years ) in the
Gregorian calendar ; 177 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
1907 –
Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. staged his first
Follies on the roof of the
New York Theater in New York City.
1911 – The United States, UK, Japan, and Russia sign the
North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 banning open-water
seal hunting , the first international treaty to address wildlife preservation issues.
1915 – The
First Battle of the Isonzo comes to an end.
1915 –
Colombo Town Guard officer
Henry Pedris is executed in
British Ceylon for allegedly inciting
persecution of Muslims .
1916 – The
New Zealand Labour Party was founded in
Wellington .
1928 –
Sliced bread is sold for the first time (on
the inventor's
48th birthday ) by the Chillicothe Baking Company of
Chillicothe, Missouri .
1930 – Industrialist
Henry J. Kaiser begins construction of Boulder Dam (now known as
Hoover Dam ).
1937 – The
Marco Polo Bridge Incident (Lugou Bridge) provides the
Imperial Japanese Army with a pretext for starting the
Second Sino-Japanese War (China-Japan War).
1937 – The
Peel Commission Report recommends the partition of Palestine, which was the first formal recommendation for partition in the history of Palestine.
1941 – The US
occupation of Iceland replaces the UK's occupation.
1944 –
World War II : Largest
Banzai charge of the
Pacific War at the
Battle of Saipan .
1946 – Mother
Francesca S. Cabrini becomes the first American to be canonized.
1946 –
Howard Hughes nearly dies when his
XF-11
reconnaissance aircraft prototype crashes in a
Beverly Hills neighborhood.
1952 – The
ocean liner
SS United States passes
Bishop Rock on her maiden voyage, breaking the
transatlantic speed record to become the fastest passenger ship in the world.
1953 –
Ernesto "Che" Guevara sets out on a trip through
Bolivia ,
Peru ,
Ecuador ,
Panama ,
Costa Rica ,
Nicaragua ,
Honduras , and
El Salvador .
1958 – US President
Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the
Alaska Statehood Act into
law .
1959 –
Venus
occults the star
Regulus . This rare event is used to determine the diameter of Venus and the structure of the Venusian atmosphere.
1962 –
Alitalia Flight 771 crashes in
Junnar ,
Maharashtra ,
India , killing 94 people.
[2]
1963 –
Buddhist crisis : Police commanded by
Ngô Đình Nhu , brother and chief political adviser of
South Vietnam President
Ngo Dinh Diem ,
attacked a group of American journalists who were covering a protest.
1978 – The
Solomon Islands becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
1980 – Institution of
sharia law in
Iran .
1980 – During the
Lebanese Civil War , 83
Tiger militants are killed during what will be known as the
Safra massacre .
1981 –
US President
Ronald Reagan nominates
Sandra Day O'Connor to become the first female member of the
Supreme Court of the United States .
1983 –
Cold War :
Samantha Smith , a US schoolgirl, flies to the
Soviet Union at the invitation of
Secretary General
Yuri Andropov .
1985 –
Boris Becker becomes the youngest male player ever to win
Wimbledon at age 17.
1991 –
Yugoslav Wars : The
Brioni Agreement ends the
ten-day independence war in
Slovenia against the rest of the
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .
1992 – The
New York Court of Appeals rules that women have the same right as men to go
topless in public.
1997 – The
Turkish Armed Forces withdraw from northern
Iraq after
assisting the
Kurdistan Democratic Party in the
Iraqi Kurdish Civil War .
2003 –
NASA
Opportunity rover , MER-B or Mars Exploration Rover–B, was launched into space aboard a
Delta II rocket.
2005 – A series of
four explosions occurs on
London's transport system , killing 56 people, including four
suicide bombers , and injuring over 700 others.
2007 – The first
Live Earth benefit concert was held in 11 locations around the world.
2012 – At least 172 people are killed in a
flash flood in the
Krasnodar Krai region of
Russia .
2013 – A
De Havilland Otter
air taxi
crashes in
Soldotna, Alaska , killing ten people.
2016 – Ex-US Army soldier Micah Xavier Johnson
shoots fourteen policemen during an anti-police protest in downtown
Dallas, Texas , killing five of them. He is subsequently killed by a robot-delivered bomb.
2017 – The
Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons was adopted with 122 countries voting in favour.
[3]
2019 – The
United States women's national soccer team defeated the
Netherlands 2–0 at the
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup Final in
Lyon , France.
2022 –
Boris Johnson announces his resignation as
leader of the Conservative Party following days of pressure from the Members of Parliament (MPs) during the
July 2022 United Kingdom government crisis .
[4]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1616 –
John Leverett , Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (d. 1679)
1752 –
Joseph Marie Jacquard , French merchant, invented the
Jacquard loom (d. 1834)
1766 –
Guillaume Philibert Duhesme , French general (d. 1815)
1831 –
Jane Elizabeth Conklin , American poet and religious writer (d. 1914)
1833 –
Félicien Rops , Belgian painter and illustrator (d. 1898)
1843 –
Camillo Golgi , Italian physician and pathologist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1926)
1846 –
Heinrich Rosenthal , Estonian physician and author (d. 1916)
1848 –
Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves , Brazilian politician, 5th
President of Brazil (d. 1919)
1851 –
Charles Albert Tindley , American minister and composer (d. 1933)
1855 –
Ludwig Ganghofer , German author and playwright (d. 1920)
1859 –
Rettamalai Srinivasan , Indian politician (d. 1945)
1860 –
Gustav Mahler , Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1911)
1861 –
Nettie Stevens , American geneticist (d. 1912)
[8]
1869 –
Rachel Caroline Eaton , American academic (d. 1938)
1869 –
Fernande Sadler , French painter and mayor (d. 1949)
[9]
1874 –
Erwin Bumke , German lawyer and jurist (d. 1945)
1880 –
Otto Frederick Rohwedder , American engineer, invented
sliced bread (d. 1960)
1882 –
Yanka Kupala , Belarusian poet and writer (d. 1941)
1883 –
Toivo Kuula , Finnish conductor and composer (d. 1918)
1884 –
Lion Feuchtwanger , German author and playwright (d. 1958)
1891 –
Tadamichi Kuribayashi , Japanese general and poet (d. 1945)
1891 –
Virginia Rappe , American model and actress (d. 1921)
1893 –
Herbert Feis , American historian and author (d. 1972)
1893 –
Miroslav Krleža , Croatian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1981)
1898 –
Arnold Horween , American football player and coach (d. 1985)
1899 –
George Cukor , American director and producer (d. 1983)
1900 –
Maria Bard , German stage and silent film actress (d. 1944)
1900 –
Earle E. Partridge , American general (d. 1990)
1901–present
1901 –
Vittorio De Sica , Italian actor and director (d. 1974)
1901 –
Sam Katzman , American director and producer (d. 1973)
1901 –
Eiji Tsuburaya , Japanese cinematographer and producer (d. 1970)
1902 –
Ted Radcliffe , American baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
1904 –
Simone Beck , French chef and author (d. 1991)
1905 –
Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin , French mathematician (d. 1972)
1906 –
William Feller , Croatian-American mathematician and academic (d. 1970)
1906 –
Anton Karas , Austrian
zither player and composer (d. 1985)
1906 –
Satchel Paige , American baseball player and coach (d. 1982)
1907 –
Robert A. Heinlein , American science fiction writer and screenwriter (d. 1988)
[10]
1908 –
Revilo P. Oliver , American author and academic (d. 1994)
1909 –
Gottfried von Cramm , German tennis player (d. 1976)
1910 –
Doris McCarthy , Canadian painter and author (d. 2010)
1911 –
Gian Carlo Menotti , Italian-American composer (d. 2007)
1913 –
Pinetop Perkins , American singer and pianist (d. 2011)
1915 –
Margaret Walker , American novelist and poet (d. 1998)
1917 –
Fidel Sánchez Hernández , Salvadoran general and politician,
President of El Salvador (d. 2003)
1917 –
Iva Withers , Canadian-American actress and singer (d. 2014)
1918 –
Bob Vanatta , American head basketball coach (d. 2016)
1918 –
Jing Shuping , Chinese businessman (d. 2009)
1919 –
Jon Pertwee , English actor (d. 1996)
1921 –
Ezzard Charles , American boxer (d. 1975)
1921 –
Adolf von Thadden , German lieutenant and politician (d. 1996)
1922 –
Alan Armer , American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
1922 –
James D. Hughes , American Air Force lieutenant general (d. 2024)
1923 –
Liviu Ciulei , Romanian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2011)
1923 –
Whitney North Seymour Jr. , American politician (d. 2019)
1923 –
Eduardo Falú , Argentinian guitarist and composer (d. 2013)
1924 –
Natalia Bekhtereva , Russian neuroscientist and psychologist (d. 2008)
1924 –
Karim Olowu , Nigerian sprinter and long jumper (d. 2019)
1924 –
Mary Ford , American singer and guitarist (d. 1977)
1924 –
Eddie Romero , Filipino director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
1925 –
Geliy Korzhev , Russian painter (d. 2012)
[11]
1925 –
Wally Phillips , American radio host (d. 2008)
1926 –
Nuon Chea , Cambodian politician (d. 2019)
1926 –
Anand Mohan Zutshi Gulzar Dehlvi , Urdu poet (d. 2020)
1927 –
Alan J. Dixon , American lawyer and politician, 34th
Illinois Secretary of State (d. 2014)
1927 –
Charlie Louvin , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2011)
1927 –
Doc Severinsen , American trumpet player and conductor
1928 –
Patricia Hitchcock , English actress (d. 2021)
1928 –
Kapelwa Sikota Zambian nurse and health official (d. 2006)
[12]
1929 –
Hasan Abidi , Pakistani journalist and poet (d. 2005)
1929 –
Sergio Romano , Italian writer, journalist, and historian
1930 –
Biljana Plavšić , 2nd President of Republika Srpska
[13]
1930 –
Hamish MacInnes , Scottish mountaineer and author (d. 2020)
1930 –
Theodore Edgar McCarrick , American cardinal
1930 –
Hank Mobley , American saxophonist and composer (d. 1986)
1931 –
David Eddings , American author and academic (d. 2009)
1932 –
T. J. Bass , American physician and author (d. 2011)
1932 –
Joe Zawinul , Austrian jazz keyboardist and composer (d. 2007)
1933 –
David McCullough , American historian and author (d. 2022)
1934 –
Robert McNeill Alexander , British zoologist (d. 2016)
1935 –
Gian Carlo Michelini , Italian-Taiwanese Roman Catholic priest
[14]
1936 –
Egbert Brieskorn , German mathematician and academic (d. 2013)
1936 –
Jo Siffert , Swiss race car driver (d. 1971)
1936 –
Nikos Xilouris , Greek singer-songwriter (d. 1980)
1937 –
Tung Chee-hwa , Hong Kong businessman and politician, 1st
Chief Executive of Hong Kong
1938 –
James Montgomery Boice , American pastor and theologian (d. 2000)
1939 –
Elena Obraztsova , Russian soprano and actress (d. 2015)
1940 –
Ringo Starr , English singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor
1941 –
Marco Bollesan , Italian rugby player and coach (d. 2021)
1941 –
John Fru Ndi , Cameroonian politician (d. 2023)
1941 –
Michael Howard , Welsh lawyer and politician
1941 –
Bill Oddie , English comedian, actor, and singer
1941 –
Jim Rodford , English bass player (d. 2018)
1942 –
Carmen Duncan , Australian actress (d. 2019)
1943 –
Joel Siegel , American journalist and critic (d. 2007)
1944 –
Feleti Sevele , Tongan politician; Prime Minister of Tonga
1944 –
Tony Jacklin , English golfer and sportscaster
1944 –
Glenys Kinnock, Baroness Kinnock of Holyhead , English educator and politician (d. 2023)
1944 –
Emanuel Steward , American boxer and trainer (d. 2012)
1944 –
Ian Wilmut , English-Scottish embryologist and academic (d. 2023)
1945 –
Michael Ancram , English lawyer and politician
1945 –
Adele Goldberg , American computer scientist and academic
1945 –
Helô Pinheiro , inspiration for the song "
The Girl from Ipanema "
1947 –
Gyanendra , King of Nepal
1947 –
Howard Rheingold , American author and critic
1949 –
Shelley Duvall , American actress, writer, and producer
1954 –
Simon Anderson , Australian surfer
1955 –
Len Barker , American baseball player and coach
1957 –
Jonathan Dayton , American director and producer
1957 –
Berry Sakharof , Turkish-Israeli singer-songwriter and guitarist
1958 –
Alexander Svinin , Russian figure skater and coach
1959 –
Billy Campbell , American actor
1960 –
Kevin A. Ford , American colonel and astronaut
1960 –
Ralph Sampson , American basketball player and coach
1963 –
Vonda Shepard , American singer-songwriter and actress
1964 –
Dominik Henzel , Czech-Swedish actor and comedian
1965 –
Mo Collins , American actress, comedian and screenwriter
1965 –
Jeremy Kyle , English talk show host
[15]
1966 –
Jim Gaffigan , American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
1967 –
Tom Kristensen , Danish race car driver
1968 –
Jorja Fox , American actress
1969 –
Sylke Otto , German luger
1969 –
Joe Sakic , Canadian ice hockey player
1969 –
Cree Summer , American-Canadian actress
1970 –
Wayne McCullough , Northern Irish boxer
1970 –
Min Patel , Indian-English cricketer
1970 –
Erik Zabel , German cyclist and coach
1971 –
Christian Camargo , American actor, producer, and screenwriter
1972 –
Lisa Leslie , American basketball player and actress
1972 –
Manfred Stohl , Austrian race car driver
1972 –
Kirsten Vangsness , American actress and writer
1973 –
José Jiménez , Dominican baseball player
1973 –
Kārlis Skrastiņš , Latvian ice hockey player (d. 2011)
1974 –
Patrick Lalime , Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
1975 –
Tony Benshoof , American luger
1975 –
Louis Koen , South African rugby player
1975 –
Adam Nelson , American shot putter
1976 –
Bérénice Bejo , Argentinian-French actress
1976 –
Dominic Foley , Irish footballer
1976 –
Vasily Petrenko , Russian conductor
1976 –
Ercüment Olgundeniz , Turkish discus thrower and shot putter
1978 –
Chris Andersen , American basketball player
1978 –
Davor Kraljević , Croatian footballer
1979 –
Ibrahim Sulayman Muhammad Arbaysh , Saudi Arabian terrorist (d. 2015)
[16]
1979 –
Anastasios Gousis , Greek sprinter
1979 –
Douglas Hondo , Zimbabwean cricketer
1980 –
John Buck , American baseball player
1980 –
Serdar Kulbilge , Turkish footballer
1980 –
Michelle Kwan , American figure skater
1981 –
Mahendra Singh Dhoni , Indian cricketer
1981 –
Synyster Gates , American guitarist
[17]
1982 –
Jan Laštůvka , Czech footballer
1982 –
George Owu , Ghanaian footballer
1982 –
Asia O'Hara , American drag performer
[18]
1983 –
Justin Davies , Australian footballer
1984 –
Minas Alozidis , Greek hurdler
1984 –
Alberto Aquilani , Italian footballer
1984 –
Mohammad Ashraful , Bangladeshi cricketer
1985 –
Marc Stein , German footballer
1986 –
Ana Kasparian , American journalist and producer
1986 –
Udo Schwarz , German rugby player
1986 –
Sevyn Streeter , American singer-songwriter
[19]
1988 –
Kaci Brown , American singer-songwriter
1988 –
Lukas Rosenthal , German rugby player
1989 –
Landon Cassill , American race car driver
1989 –
Miina Kallas , Estonian footballer
1989 –
Karl-August Tiirmaa , Estonian skier
1990 –
Lee Addy , Ghanaian footballer
1990 –
Pascal Stöger , Austrian footballer
1991 –
Alesso , Swedish DJ, record producer and musician
[20]
1992 –
Ellina Anissimova , Estonian hammer thrower
1992 –
Dominik Furman , Polish footballer
1994 –
Nigina Abduraimova , Uzbekistani tennis player
[21]
1994 –
Timothy Cathcart , Northern Irish race car driver (d. 2014)
1997 –
Mizuho Habu , Japanese idol
[22]
1997 –
James Marriott , English musician and online content creator
[23]
1999 –
Moussa Diaby , French footballer
[24]
Deaths
Pre-1600
984 –
Crescentius the Elder , Italian politician and aristocrat
1021 –
Fujiwara no Akimitsu , Japanese bureaucrat (b. 944)
1162 –
Haakon II Sigurdsson , king of Norway (b. 1147)
1285 –
Tile Kolup , German impostor claiming to be
Frederick II
1304 –
Benedict XI , pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1240)
1307 –
Edward I , king of England (b. 1239)
1345 –
Momchil , Bulgarian brigand and ruler
1531 –
Tilman Riemenschneider , German sculptor (b. 1460)
1568 –
William Turner , British ornithologist and botanist (b. 1508)
1572 –
Sigismund II Augustus , Polish king (b. 1520)
1573 –
Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola , Italian architect, designed the
Church of the Gesù and
Villa Farnese (b. 1507)
1593 –
Mohammed Bagayogo , Malian scholar and academic (b. 1523)
1600 –
Thomas Lucy , English politician (b. 1532)
1601–1900
1607 –
Penelope Blount, Countess of Devonshire , English noblewoman (b. 1563)
1647 –
Thomas Hooker , English minister, founded the
Colony of Connecticut (b. 1586)
1701 –
William Stoughton , American judge and politician,
Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (b. 1631)
1713 –
Henry Compton , English bishop (b. 1632)
1718 –
Alexei Petrovich , Russian tsarevich (b. 1690)
1730 –
Olivier Levasseur , French pirate (b. 1690)
1758 –
Marthanda Varma , Raja of Attingal (b. 1706)
[25]
1764 –
William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath , English politician,
Secretary at War (b. 1683)
1776 –
Jeremiah Markland , English scholar and academic (b. 1693)
1790 –
François Hemsterhuis , Dutch philosopher and author (b. 1721)
1816 –
Richard Brinsley Sheridan , Irish playwright and poet (b. 1751)
1863 –
William Mulready , Irish genre painter (b. 1786)
1865 –
George Atzerodt (b. 1833)
1865 –
David Herold (b. 1842)
1865 –
Lewis Payne (b. 1844)
1865 –
Mary Surratt (b. 1823)
1890 –
Henri Nestlé , German businessman, founded
Nestlé (b. 1814)
1901–present
1901 –
Johanna Spyri , Swiss author (b. 1827)
1913 –
Edward Burd Grubb Jr. , American general and diplomat,
United States Ambassador to Spain (b. 1841)
1922 –
Cathal Brugha , Irish revolutionary and politician, active in the
Easter Rising ,
Irish War of Independence ; first
Ceann Comhairle and first
President of Dáil Éireann (b. 1874)
1925 –
Clarence Hudson White , American photographer and educator (b. 1871)
1927 –
Gösta Mittag-Leffler , Swedish mathematician and academic (b. 1846)
1930 –
Arthur Conan Doyle , British writer (b. 1859)
1932 –
Alexander Grin , Russian author (b. 1880)
1932 –
Henry Eyster Jacobs , American theologian and educator (b. 1844)
1939 –
Deacon White , American baseball player and manager (b. 1847)
1950 –
Fats Navarro , American trumpet player and composer (b. 1923)
1955 –
Ali Naci Karacan , Turkish journalist and publisher (b. 1896)
1956 –
Gottfried Benn , German author and poet (b. 1886)
1960 –
Francis Browne , Irish priest and photographer (b. 1880)
1964 –
Lillian Copeland , American discus thrower and shot putter (b. 1904)
1965 –
Moshe Sharett , Ukrainian-Israeli lieutenant and politician, 2nd
Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1894)
1968 –
Jo Schlesser , French race car driver (b. 1928)
1970 – Dame
Laura Knight , English artist (b. 1877)
[26]
1971 –
Claude Gauvreau , Canadian poet and playwright (b. 1925)
1972 –
Athenagoras I of Constantinople (b. 1886)
1973 –
Max Horkheimer , German philosopher and sociologist (b. 1895)
1973 –
Veronica Lake , American actress (b. 1922)
1978 –
Francisco Mendes , Guinea-Bissau lawyer and politician, 1st
Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1933)
1980 –
Dore Schary , American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1905)
1982 –
Bon Maharaja , Indian guru and religious writer (b. 1901)
1984 –
George Oppen , American poet and author (b. 1908)
1987 –
Germaine Thyssens-Valentin , Dutch-French pianist (b. 1902)
1990 –
Bill Cullen , American television panelist and game show host (b. 1920)
1990 –
Cazuza , Brazilian singer and songwriter (b. 1958)
1993 –
Rıfat Ilgaz , Turkish author, poet, and educator (b. 1911)
1993 –
Mia Zapata , American singer (b. 1965)
[27]
1994 –
Carlo Chiti , Italian engineer (b. 1924)
1994 –
Friedrich August Freiherr von der Heydte , German general (b. 1907)
1998 –
Moshood Abiola , Nigerian businessman and politician (b. 1937)
1999 –
Julie Campbell Tatham , American author (b. 1908)
1999 –
Vikram Batra ,
Param Vir Chakra , Indian Army personnel (b. 1974)
2000 –
Kenny Irwin Jr. , American race car driver (b. 1969)
2001 –
Fred Neil , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1936)
2003 –
Izhak Graziani , Bulgarian trumpet player and conductor (b. 1924)
2006 –
Syd Barrett , English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1946)
2006 –
Juan de Ávalos , Spanish sculptor (b. 1911)
2006 –
John Money , New Zealand-American psychologist and author (b. 1921)
2007 –
Anne McLaren , British scientist (b. 1927)
[28]
2007 –
Donald Michie , British scientist (b. 1923)
[28]
2008 –
Bruce Conner , American sculptor, painter, and photographer (b. 1933)
2008 –
Dorian Leigh , American model (b. 1917)
2011 –
Allan W. Eckert , American historian and author (b. 1931)
2011 –
Dick Williams , American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1929)
2012 –
Ronaldo Cunha Lima , Brazilian poet and politician (b. 1936)
2012 –
Dennis Flemion , American drummer (b. 1955)
2012 –
Doris Neal , American baseball player (b. 1928)
2012 –
Jerry Norman , American sinologist and linguist (b. 1936)
2012 –
Leon Schlumpf , Swiss politician (b. 1927)
2013 –
Artur Hajzer , Polish mountaineer (b. 1962)
2013 –
Robert Hamerton-Kelly , South African-American pastor, theologian, and author (b. 1938)
2013 –
Donald J. Irwin , American lawyer and politician, 32nd
Mayor of Norwalk, Connecticut (b. 1926)
2013 –
Ben Pucci , American football player and sportscaster (b. 1925)
2014 –
Alfredo Di Stéfano , Argentinian-Spanish footballer and coach (b. 1926)
2014 –
Eduard Shevardnadze , Georgian general and politician, 2nd
President of Georgia (b. 1928)
2014 –
Peter Underwood , Australian lawyer and politician, 27th
Governor of Tasmania (b. 1937)
2015 –
Maria Barroso , Portuguese actress and politician (b. 1925)
2015 –
Bob MacKinnon , American basketball player and coach (b. 1927)
2021 –
Robert Downey Sr. , American actor and director. Father of
Robert Downey Jr. (b. 1936)
[29]
2021 –
Jovenel Moïse , Haitian entrepreneur and politician, President of Haiti (b. 1968)
[30]
2021 –
Dilip Kumar , Indian film actor (b. 1922)
[31]
Holidays and observances
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External links
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