The Judicial system of
San Marino requires that the country's lower court judges be noncitizens, to ensure impartiality. Most lower court judges are
Italian. A local conciliation judge handles cases of minor importance. Other cases are handled by non-
Sammarinese judges who serve under contract to the Government. The final court of review is the
Council of Twelve, a group of judges chosen for 6-year terms (four of whom are replaced every 2 years) from among the members of the
Grand and General Council.[1]
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