Japanese gunboat Ōshima off Kobe
History
Empire of Japan
Name	Ōshima
Ordered	1889
Builder	Onohama Shipyards
Laid down	29 August 1889
Launched	14 October 1891
Commissioned	31 March 1892
Stricken	15 June 1905
Fate	Sunk in collision 18 May 1904
General characteristics
Type	Gunboat
Displacement	640 long tons (650 t)
Length	53.65 m (176.0 ft)
Beam	8.0 m (26 ft 3 in)
Draught	2.75 m (9 ft 0 in)
Propulsion	reciprocating steam engine 2 shafts, 4 boilers 1,217 hp (908 kW)
Speed	13.0 knots (15.0 mph; 24.1 km/h)
Range	70 tons coal
Complement	130
Armament	4 × 120 mm (4.7 in) QF guns 5 × 47 mm (1.9 in) Hotchkiss guns 6 × 37 mm (1.5 in) Nordenfelt guns

Ōshima (大島) was a steam gunboat, serving in the early Imperial Japanese Navy. ^[1] She was named after the island of Ōshima off Shizuoka prefecture.

Background and design

Ōshima was a steel-hulled three-masted gunboat with a triple-expansion reciprocating steam engine with two boilers driving two screws which gave her a speed of 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph). ^[2] Her design was based on a modified version of the Maya class and the French naval architect Louis-Émile Bertin contributed to her design. She is noteworthy in that she was the first ship to be built in Japan with a vertical triple-expansion steam engine. ^[2]

She was equipped with four 120 mm (4.7 in) QF guns, one each on the bow, stern, and in sponsons on either side of the hull. Secondary armament included five 47 mm (1.9 in) Hotchkiss guns. Ōshima was laid down at the Onohama Shipyards in Kobe under direction of the Kure Naval Arsenal on 29 August 1889 and launched on 14 October 1891. She was completed on 31 March 1892. ^[3]

Operational history

Ōshima saw combat service in the First Sino-Japanese War, during which time an additional three 120 mm (4.7 in) guns and an additional three 47 mm (1.9 in) guns were fitted, patrolling between Korea, Dairen and Weihaiwei in a reserve capacity in the IJN 2nd Fleet.

On 21 March 1898, Ōshima was re-designated as a second-class gunboat, ^[3] and was used for coastal survey and patrol duties. In September 1898, the Chinese reformer and journalist Liang Qichao fled to exile in Japan aboard Ōshima, which took him to Miyajima with the assistance of the Japanese government. ^[4]

During the Russo-Japanese War, Ōshima assisted in the Siege of Port Arthur. On 18 May 1904, under the command of Commander Hirose Katsuhiko (the elder brother of the famous Takeo Hirose) she collided in a heavy fog with the gunboat Akagi and sank in the early hours of the following morning in Liaotung Bay off of Port Arthur at position 39°01′N 121°08′E / 39.017°N 121.133°E / 39.017; 121.133.

Ōshima was removed from the navy list on 15 June 1905.

Notes

References

• Corbett, Sir Julian. Maritime Operations In The Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905. (1994) Originally classified, and in two volumes, ISBN  1-55750-129-7
• Chesneau, Roger and Eugene M. Kolesnik (editors), All The World's Fighting Ships 1860-1905, Conway Maritime Press, 1979 reprinted 2002, ISBN  0-85177-133-5
• Jentsura, Hansgeorg (1976). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945. Naval Institute Press. ISBN  0-87021-893-X.

External links

• Nishida, Hiroshi. "Materials of IJN". Imperial Japanese Navy. Retrieved 17 August 2022.