He published his first professional comic book work at 16,[4] with the 61⁄2-page
horror story "Aaron Philips' Photo Finish" in DC Comics' House of Secrets #81 (Sept. 1969). He continued selling such
anthological stories for that series and for Marvel's Chamber of Darkness and Tower of Shadows through the end of 1970, by which time he had also published one-page text
short stories in DC's All-Star Western #1 (Sept. 1970) and Super DC Giant #S-14 (Oct. 1970). He published his first continuing-character story in DC's semi-anthological
occult comic The
Phantom Stranger #10 (Dec. 1970).[5]
I'd been writing for DC Comics for two or three years...but to paraphrase the joke about the actor's ambitions to be a director, what I really wanted to do was write superheroes – specifically Marvel heroes. Through friends I'd become acquainted with Roy Thomas, who was
Stan Lee's right-hand man at the time, and Roy offered me a shot at the Marvel 'writing test.' Stan wasn't impressed, but Roy liked what I did, and began throwing some short assignments my way, including scripting over his plot on an early
Ka-Zar [story].[6]
Following his first continuing-character story for Marvel, with his script for the jungle lord Ka-Zar in Astonishing Tales #3 (Dec. 1970), Conway began writing superhero stories with Daredevil #72 (Jan. 1971). He quickly went on to assignments on Iron Man, The Incredible Hulk, and both "
The Inhumans" and "
The Black Widow" features in the split book Amazing Adventures. He scripted the first
Man-Thing story, in 1971,[7] sharing co-creation credit with
Stan Lee and
Roy Thomas.[5] Conway eventually scripted virtually every major Marvel title, and co-created (with writers
Roy & Jean Thomas and artist
Mike Ploog) the
lycanthropic lead character of the feature "Werewolf by Night", in Marvel Spotlight #2 (Feb. 1972);[8] he also wrote the premiere issue of Marvel's The Tomb of Dracula, introducing the longstanding literary
vampire into the
Marvel universe.[9]
Spider-Man and intercompany rotation
At 19, Conway began scripting The Amazing Spider-Man, succeeding Stan Lee as writer of one of Marvel's flagship titles.[10] His run, from issues #111–149 (August 1972 – October 1975), included the landmark
death of Gwen Stacy story in #121 (June 1973).[11][12][13] Eight issues later, Conway and Andru introduced the Punisher as a conflicted
antagonist for Spider-Man, as well as the
Jackal.[14] The Punisher became a popular star of numerous comic books and has been adapted into three movies and a live action television series. Conway additionally wrote Fantastic Four, from #133–152 (April 1973 – Nov. 1974).[5]
Conway in 2009 reflected on writing flagship Marvel characters at a very young age:
Precocity is a well-known curse; most of the pressure I felt as a younger writer was self-imposed. I wanted to be accepted by other writers and artists as an equal, which put me in some awkward situations — pretending to be more mature than I was, emotionally and professionally. As it happened, I was pretty good at faking a maturity I didn't have, which had advantages and, obviously, some disadvantages. I think people often forgot how young I was, and expected me to perform at a level that was actually beyond me. The result was, I was pretty stressed for most of my early career as a writer, and I often felt like I had no idea what I was doing —which was true. I wrote instinctively and from the gut; when those instincts were appropriate to the material I was writing – for example, when I was writing [The Amazing] Spider-Man — the results were something I was quite proud of, then and now. When my instincts were off, I didn't have the experience to either recognize it, or to compensate for it, with results that were more uneven.[15]
In late 1972, Conway and writers
Steve Englehart and
Len Wein crafted a
metafictional unofficial
crossover spanning titles from both major comics companies. Each comic featured Englehart, Conway, and Wein, as well as Wein's first wife
Glynis,
interacting with Marvel or DC characters at the
Rutland Halloween Parade in
Rutland, Vermont. Beginning in Amazing Adventures #16 (by Englehart with art by
Bob Brown and
Frank McLaughlin), the story continued in Justice League of America #103 (by Wein,
Dick Dillin and
Dick Giordano), and concluded in Thor #207 (by Conway and penciler
John Buscema). As Englehart explained in 2010, "It certainly seemed like a radical concept and we knew that we had to be subtle (laughs) and each story had to stand on its own, but we really worked it out. It's really worthwhile to read those stories back to back to back – it didn't matter to us that one was at DC and two were at Marvel – I think it was us being creative, thinking what would be really cool to do."[16][17][18]
Conway returned to DC Comics in mid-1975, beginning with three books cover-dated Nov. 1975: Hercules Unbound #1, Kong the Untamed #3, and Swamp Thing #19. He wrote a revival of the
Golden Age comic book series All Star Comics[19] which introduced the character
Power Girl.[20][21] Shortly afterward, he was chosen by Marvel and DC editors to script the historic intercompany crossover Superman vs. the Amazing Spider-Man #1, a 96-page,
tabloid-sized, $2 one-shot, at a time when comic books sold for 25 cents.[5][22]
For a time, a confluence of publishing schedules resulted in Conway stories appearing in both Marvel and DC comics in the same month: The prolific Conway's comic books with January 1977 cover-dates alone, for example, are Marvel's The Avengers, The Defenders, Captain Marvel, Iron Man, The Spectacular Spider-Man,[26] and the premiere issues of Ms. Marvel and Logan's Run, and Superman and Action Comics.[5]
He returned to Marvel in the 1980s and served as the regular writer of both The Spectacular Spider-Man and Web of Spider-Man from 1988 until 1990.[5] Conway stated in 1991 that "I understand the character a lot better now than I did when I was nineteen. And one of the nice things about the Marvel characters is that you can keep them fresh by changing them just a bit."[48] His run on Spectacular included such story arcs as the "Lobo Brothers Gang War".[49] He relinquished writing duties on both titles when he became the story editor of the television series Father Dowling Mysteries.[citation needed] Conway's last recorded comic credits for many years were
Topps Comics' "Kirbyverse" NightGlider[50] #1 (April 1993), scripting from a Roy Thomas plot, and a story for Disney Adventures, published in 1995.
Conway returned to comics in 2009 and wrote DC Comics' The Last Days of Animal Man, with artist
Chris Batista.[51] In 2011, he wrote the DC Retroactive: Justice League – The '80s one-shot.[52] Also for DC, he wrote the Firestorm feature in Legends of Tomorrow #1–6 in 2016.[53]
In 2015, he returned to Spider-Man by writing a story in Spider-Verse Team Up #2, and the "Spiral" storyline in The Amazing Spider-Man #16.1–20.1. He returned to work as a series' regular writer that same year with Carnage which ran for 16 issues until 2017. In 2016, he returned to his creation the Punisher by writing The Punisher Annual #1. From 2016 to 2017, he wrote The Amazing Spider-Man: Renew Your Vows #1–9, followed by What If? Spider-Man #1 in 2018 and the oneshot The Amazing Spider-Man: Going Big, penciled by
Mark Bagley, in 2019.
Books, comic strips, screenplays
In addition to comics, Conway published two science-fiction novels: The Midnight Dancers[54] and Mindship (originally published as a short story in the science fiction anthology "Universe 1.")[55] He also wrote the February 14–December 3, 1983 dailies of the
syndicated newspaper
comic stripStar Trek, based upon
the 1960s TV series.[56]
Conway as well moved into screenwriting in the 1980s, starting with the animated feature Fire and Ice (1983), co-written with Roy Thomas, based on characters created by
Ralph Bakshi and
Frank Frazetta. Conway and Thomas wrote the story basis for Stanley Mann's screenplay for the film Conan the Destroyer (1984). Afterwards, Conway and Thomas also worked on the script of a live-action X-Men film for production company
Nelvana that wasn't produced because of distributor
Orion Pictures' financial troubles and subsequent bankruptcy.[57]
Conway's first wife was comic-book writer Carla Conway.[59][60] The couple have a daughter, Cara.[59] His second wife, Karen, is a
psychologist who works with
autistic children.[4] They married in 1992 and have a daughter, Rachel.[59] As of 2015, he and his wife Laura live in Thousand Oaks, California.[4]
Conway's ancestral family background is Irish, as he described in his blog:
In my case, on my mother's side, I'm a second-generation immigrant. My grandparents were born in Ireland. They came to America in the late 'teens of the last century and lived a life not very different from the life my housekeeper and her husband live today. My grandfather was a day laborer in the Brooklyn ship yards. My (step)-grandmother washed floors at
Hunter College in
Manhattan. (My biological grandmother died when my mother was eight years old, so I've no idea what she did to earn a living, but I assume it was either piece work or domestic work of some kind.) Because they were lower-class Irish, they were the
Hispanics of their day – tolerated, but not embraced, by the larger society, and viewed with scorn by the
WASP upper class. ... Even my father felt that anti-Irish prejudice, real or imagined. In the 1950s he once spoke, rather bitterly, about being one of the two 'token Irishmen' working at his company.[61]
Conway was raised a Christian, but stated in a 2013 interview that he does not "have any religious belief at this point".[62]
In October 2022, Conway was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and underwent
Whipple surgery to remove the tumor, resulting in several hospitalizations but he returned to social media in September 2023 to declare that he was cancer-free.[63][64]
^Harvey, Allan (February 2008). "Black Widow: The Gloria Steinem of the Jump-Suit Set". Back Issue! (26). Raleigh, North Carolina:
TwoMorrows Publishing: 4.
^Sanderson, Peter; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2008). "1970s". Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History. London, United Kingdom:
Dorling Kindersley. p. 149.
ISBN978-0756641238. Savage Tales #1 was] notable for the debut of Marvel's mindless swamp monster, the Man-Thing, in an origin story written by Gerry Conway and illustrated by Gray Morrow.{{
cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (
help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link)
^Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 154: "Roy Thomas came up with the idea for a series called 'I, Werewolf', narrated in the first person by a teenager who transformed into a werewolf. Stan Lee liked the concept but decided to name it 'Werewolf by Night'. The initial creative team on the series was scripter Gerry Conway and artist Mike Ploog."
^Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 155: "Following the revision of the Comics Code, Stan Lee was eager to do a comics series about the archetypal vampire, novelist Bram Stoker's Dracula. Based on a few ideas from Lee, Roy Thomas plotted the first issue of The Tomb of Dracula, which Gerry Conway then scripted. The interior art was penciled by Gene Colan."
^Manning, Matthew K.; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2012). "1970s". Spider-Man Chronicle Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging. London, United Kingdom:
Dorling Kindersley. p. 62.
ISBN978-0756692360. The Amazing Spider-Man #111] marked the dawning of a new era: writer Gerry Conway came on board as Stan Lee's replacement. Alongside artist John Romita, Conway started his run by picking up where Lee left off.{{
cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (
help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link)
^Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 159: "In June [1973], Marvel embarked on a story that would have far-reaching effects. The Amazing Spider-Man artist John Romita, Sr. suggested killing off Spider-Man's beloved Gwen Stacy in order to shake up the book's status quo."
^Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 68: "This story by writer Gerry Conway and penciler Gil Kane would go down in history as one of the most memorable events of Spider-Man's life."
^Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 72: "Writer Gerry Conway and artist Ross Andru introduced two major new characters to Spider-Man's world and the Marvel Universe in this self-contained issue. Not only would the vigilante known as the Punisher go on to be one of the most important and iconic Marvel creations of the 1970s, but his instigator, the Jackal, would become the next big threat in Spider-Man's life."
^McAvennie, Michael; Dolan, Hannah, eds. (2010). "1970s". DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle. London:
Dorling Kindersley. p. 169.
ISBN978-0-7566-6742-9. Along with artist Ric Estrada, [Gerry] Conway also introduced the DC Universe to the cousin of Earth-2's Superman, Kara Zor-L a.k.a. Power Girl.
^Levitz, Paul (2010). "The Bronze Age 1970–1984". 75 Years of DC Comics The Art of Modern Mythmaking. Cologne, Germany:
Taschen America. p. 527.
ISBN9783836519816. The revived All-Star introduced Power Girl, conceived as Supergirl's Earth-Two counterpart. With Wallace Wood and his renowned skill at 'cheesecake' determining the finished art, her breathtaking buxomness and 'peek-a-boo' décolletage were perhaps inevitable.
^McAvennie "1970s" in Dolan, p. 170 "The tale was written by Gerry Conway and drawn by Ross Andru, both among the few [at that time] to ever have worked on both Superman and Spider-Man...The result was a defining moment in Bronze Age comics."
^Abramowitz, Jack (April 2014). "1st Issue Special: It Was No Showcase (But It Was Never Meant To Be)". Back Issue! (71). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 45.
^"Gerry Conway on Englehart Leaving Marvel" (sidebar) in Riley, Shannon E. (September 2010). "The Man Who Saved the Justice League of America". Back Issue! (45). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 15.
^Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 177: "Spider-Man already starred in two monthly series: The Amazing Spider-Man and Marvel Team-Up. Now Marvel added a third, Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man, initially written by Gerry Conway with art by Sal Buscema and Mike Esposito."
^Schweier, Philip (August 2012). "Justice League, Then and Now with Gerry Conway and Dan Jurgens". Back Issue! (58). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 65–70.
^Mangels, Andy (December 2012). "Kryptonian and Amazonian Not Living in Perfect Harmony". Back Issue! (61). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 50–54.
^Hamerlinck, P.C. (December 2012). "When Worlds Collide The Colossal-Sized Confrontation Between Superman and Captain Marvel". Back Issue! (61). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 65–68.
^McAvennie "1970s" in Dolan, p. 177 "If inventiveness is the fusion of ideas, then Firestorm was one of the most original characters to emerge from a comic book in years. Penned by Gerry Conway and drawn by Al Milgrom, the Nuclear Man was a genuine sign of the times – the explosive embodiment of a nuclear world."
^McAvennie "1970s" in Dolan, p. 177 "Thanks to scripter Gerry Conway and artist Don Heck, the red, white, and blue shone like never before – on the steel-alloyed suit of the World War II cyborg, Steel."
^Wells, John (October 24, 1997). "'Lost' DC: The DC Implosion". Comics Buyer's Guide. No. 1249. p. 133. The Deserter...was given his own ongoing title at the 11th hour, only to perish amidst the other cancellations. The origin of tormented Civil War deserter Aaron Hope (by Gerry Conway, Dick Ayers, and Romeo Tanghal) appeared only in Cancelled Comic Cavalcade #1.
^Johnson, Dan (April 2014). "Showcase Presents Again". Back Issue! (71). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 54–55. Gerry Conway's the Deserter, a Western adventure that would have featured interior art by Dick Ayers and Romeo Tanghal and a cover by Joe Kubert, was originally going to be a three-issue run in Showcase #107–109. Even before Showcase's cancellation, it was greenlit as an ongoing series until the DC Implosion killed it altogether.
^Wells p. 134: "After being touted in house ads during the summer, details regarding The Vixen #1 appeared in a 'Daily Planet' text page in Batman #305 and The Flash #267. Ultimately, 'Who Is The Vixen?' was printed only in Cancelled Comic Cavalcade #2."
^Manning, Matthew K. "1980s" in Dolan, p. 209 "The prestigious Justice League of America got a bit easier to join, thanks to writer Gerry Conway and artist Chuck Patton. Marking the debut of camouflaging hero Gypsy, the shockwave-casting Vibe, and the second generation hero Steel, this landmark comic saw many of the more famous League members step down in order to make way for a younger roster to carry on their legacy."
^Manning, Matthew K.; Dougall, Alastair, ed. (2014). "1980s". Batman: A Visual History. London, United Kingdom:
Dorling Kindersley. p. 138.
ISBN978-1465424563. Gerry Conway and artist Don Newton had become the regular team on Detective Comics at the tail end of 1980. By the middle of [1981], Conway had also taken over the writing in Batman. With the same writer handling both main Batman books, easy crossovers between the two titles soon became possible.{{
cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (
help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link)
^Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 200 "Killer Croc made his mysterious debut in the pages of Detective Comics #523, written by Gerry Conway, with art by Gene Colan." "Croc would soon become a major player in Gotham's underworld."
^Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 201 "Jason Todd first appeared in a circus scene in the pages of Batman #357, written by Gerry Conway and illustrated by Don Newton."
^In Justice League of America #207–209 (Oct.-Dec. 1982) and All-Star Squadron #14–15 (Oct.–Nov. 1982); and Justice League of America #219–220 (Oct.–Nov. 1983); and Infinity, Inc. #19 (Oct. 1985) and Justice League of America #244 (Nov. 1985). Per Thomas, Roy. "The Justice League-Justice Society Team-Ups", The All-Star Companion (TwoMorrows Publishing 2000)
ISBN1-893905-05-5 pp. 191–192
^Thomas, Roy. "Crisis on Finite Earths: The Justice League-Justice Society Team-Ups (1963–1985)", Alter Ego vol. 3, #7 (Winter 2001), pp. 31–34
^Greenberger, Robert (August 2017). "It Sounded Like a Good Idea at the Time: A Look at the DC Challenge!". Back Issue! (98). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 41–43.
^DeFalco "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 238: Created by writer Gerry Conway and artist Sal Buscema, Carlos and Eduardo Lobo possessed the mutant ability to transform into werewolves.
^Sources disagree on the spelling, sometimes even within the same source: The cover of the single issue itself appears to spell it "NightGlider". The cover of Victory #1 likewise spells it as one word, though in an all-caps typeface. The
Grand Comics Database entry spells it as both "Nightglider" and "Night Glider".
^Conway, Gerry (September 17, 2006).
"Immigration, Part One". Conwayscorner.blogspot.com.
Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved October 10, 2009.
^Buttery, Jarrod (February 2014). "Hulk Smash!: The Incredible Hulk in the 1970s". Back Issue! (70). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 9.