Cun | |
---|---|
仡隆语 Gelong | |
Native to | China |
Region | western Hainan |
Native speakers | (80,000 cited 1999) [1] |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 |
cuq |
Glottolog |
cunn1236 |
ELP | Nadouhua |
Cun ( Chinese: 村语; meaning "village language/speech"), also known as Gelong (仡隆语 / 哥隆语) or Ngan-Fon, is a Kra–Dai language spoken on Hainan Island. [2] It is a part of the Hlai languages branch and has a lexical similarity with standard Hlai at 40%. [1] The language has approximately 80,000 speakers, 47,200 of which are monolingual. Cun is a tonal language with 10 tones, used depending on whether a syllable is checked or unchecked. The speakers of this language are classified by the Chinese government as ethnic Han; in Hainan, Nadou [3] and Lingao speakers are also classified as ethnic Han. [4]
The Cun are descended from Han Chinese migrants to Hainan Island who intermarried with the local Li people. As a result, Cun has more Chinese loanwords than other Hlai languages. [5]
Nearby, the Fuma (Chinese: 付马话, 府玛话, or 富马话) dialect, a variety of Chinese similar to Gan- Hakka that has been strongly influenced by Cun, is spoken in Fuma Village 付马村, Sigeng Town 四更镇, Dongfang City. [6] It had about 800 speakers in 1994. [7]