The close-mid front unrounded vowel, or high-mid front unrounded vowel,[1] is a type of
vowel sound, used in some spoken
languages. The symbol in the
International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨e⟩.
For the close-mid front unrounded vowel that is usually transcribed with the symbol ⟨ɪ⟩ or ⟨i⟩, see
near-close front unrounded vowel. If the usual symbol is ⟨e⟩, the vowel is listed here.
Its
vowel backness is
front, which means the tongue is positioned forward in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a
consonant.
It is
unrounded, which means that the lips are not rounded.
Near-front; realization of /ɛ/, which appears only in open syllables. Phonetically, it is nearly identical to /ɪ/ ([
ɪ̞]), which appears only in closed syllables.[6]
Near-front; occasional realization of /ɜː/. It can be rounded [
œ̝ː] or, more often, unrounded central [
ɜ̝ː] instead.[22] Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɜː⟩.
Outcome of the /ɛː–eː/ merger found universally in Northern Germany, Eastern Germany and Eastern Austria (often even in formal speech) and in some other regions.[28] See
Standard German phonology
Near-front; typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɛː⟩. Phonetically, it is nearly identical to /ɪ/ ([
ɪ̞]). The vowel typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨eː⟩ is actually near-close [
e̝ː].[45]
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