American actress (1924–2021)
Cicely Tyson
Tyson in 1973
Born (1924-12-19 ) December 19, 1924
[5]
[a] Died January 28, 2021(2021-01-28) (aged 96)New York City, U.S.
Resting place
Woodlawn Cemetery Occupation Actress Years active 1948–2020 Notable work Spouses
Kenneth Franklin
(
m. 1942;
div. 1956)
(
m. 1981;
div. 1989)
Children 1 Awards
Full list
Cecily
[1]
[2] Louise "Cicely" Tyson (; December 19, 1924 – January 28, 2021) was an American actress known for her portrayal of strong African-American women.
[9]
[10] Tyson received
various awards including three
Emmy Awards , a
Screen Actors Guild Award , a
Tony Award , an
Honorary Academy Award , and a
Peabody Award .
She garnered widespread attention and critical acclaim for her performance as Rebecca Morgan in
Sounder (1972), for which she was nominated for both the
Academy Award and
Golden Globe for best actress. Tyson continued to act in film and television in projects throughout her life, including the acclaimed series
Roots (1977),
Fried Green Tomatoes (1991),
Diary of a Mad Black Woman (2005),
The Help (2011), and the legal drama series
How to Get Away With Murder .
In addition to her screen career, Tyson appeared in various theater productions. She was awarded for her performances in productions both on and off
Broadway .
Tyson was named a
Kennedy Center honoree in 2015. In November 2016, Tyson received the
Presidential Medal of Freedom , which is the highest civilian honor in the United States. In 2020, she was inducted into the
Television Hall of Fame .
Early life
Tyson was born in
the Bronx , New York City, but soon relocated with her family to
East Harlem .
[5] She was one of three children born to Fredericka (Huggins) Tyson, a domestic worker, and William Augustine Tyson, who worked as a carpenter and painter.
[11]
[12] Her parents were immigrants from
Nevis in the
West Indies .
[13]
[14] Her father arrived in New York City at age 21 and was processed at
Ellis Island on August 4, 1919.
[15]
Tyson grew up in a religious atmosphere. She sang in the choir and attended prayer meetings at an Episcopal church in
East Harlem . Tyson's mother was opposed to her becoming an actress and would not speak to her for a time. She changed her mind when she saw Cicely appear on stage.
[16]
Career
Early work
Tyson in 1973
Tyson was discovered by a photographer for
Ebony magazine and became a successful fashion model. Her first acting role was a bit part in the 1956 film
Carib Gold
[17] and she first appeared onstage in
Vinnette Carroll 's production of
Dark of the Moon at the
Harlem YMCA in 1958.
[16] Tyson had small roles in the 1959 films
Odds Against Tomorrow and
The Last Angry Man , as well as the 1960 comedy,
Who Was That Lady?
[18]
[19] 1n 1961, she made her television debut in the
NBC series
Frontiers of Faith .
[20]
In 1962, she became the first African American woman to wear an Afro on television in the United States.
In the early 1960s, Tyson appeared in the original cast of French playwright
Jean Genet 's
The Blacks . She played the role of Stephanie Virtue Secret-Rose Diop; other notable cast members included
Maya Angelou ,
James Earl Jones ,
Godfrey Cambridge ,
Louis Gossett Jr. , and
Charles Gordone .
[21] The show was the longest running off-Broadway non-musical of the decade, running for 1,408 performances.
[22] She won the 1961–1962 Vernon Rice Award (later known as the
Drama Desk Award ) for her performance in another off-Broadway production,
Moon on a Rainbow Shawl .
[16]
[23] In 1963, Tyson appeared on the game show
To Tell The Truth as an "imposter" for Australian singer
Shirley Abicair , receiving two of the four possible votes.
[24]
Tyson, who once worked for a social services agency, was spotted by producer
David Susskind in The Blacks and in
Tiger, Tiger Burning Bright , and was cast for a role in the CBS TV series
East Side/West Side (1963–1964), playing the secretary of a social worker played by
George C. Scott .
[16] She was at the time the only African-American regular member of a TV cast,
[25]
[26] The show was noted for its treatment of social issues, and one of its episodes, on an African-American couple in
Harlem (played by
James Earl Jones and
Diana Sands ), was
blacked out in
Atlanta and
Shreveport, Louisiana .
[26]
In the mid-1960s she had a recurring role in the soap opera
The Guiding Light .
[27] She appeared with
Sammy Davis Jr. in the film
A Man Called Adam (1966)
[28]
[29] and had a small role in the film version of
The Comedians (1967) based on the
Graham Greene novel.
[30] In 1968 Tyson had a featured role in
The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter .
[31]
Stardom
In 1972, Tyson played the role of Rebecca Morgan in the film
Sounder . She was nominated for both the
Academy Award and
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for her work in Sounder,
[32] and also won the
NSFC Best Actress and
NBR Best Actress Awards.
[33]
[34]
In 1974, Tyson played the title role in the television film
The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman . Tyson's portrayal of a centenarian black woman's life from slavery until her death before the
Civil rights movement won her a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie and an Emmy Award for Actress of the Year – Special. Tyson was also nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her work in this television film.
[35]
Tyson's television roles included: Binta in the 1977 miniseries
Roots , for which she was nominated for a
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress – Miniseries or a Movie ;
Coretta Scott King in the 1978 miniseries
King , for which she was nominated for a
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie ;
Marva Collins in the 1981 television film
The Marva Collins Story , for which she received an
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special and was nominated for a
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie ;
[32] and Muriel in the 1986 television film
Samaritan: The Mitch Snyder Story , for which she received an
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special .
[36]
Later career
In 1989, Tyson appeared in the television miniseries The Women of Brewster Place.
[37] In 1991, Tyson appeared in
Fried Green Tomatoes as Sipsey.
[38] In the 1994–95 television series
Sweet Justice , Tyson portrayed a civil rights activist and attorney named Carrie Grace Battle, a character she modeled after
Dovey Johnson Roundtree .
[39] Her other notable film roles include the dramas
Hoodlum (1997) and
Diary of a Mad Black Woman (2005), and the television films
Oldest Living Confederate Widow Tells All (1994) (for which she received her third Emmy Award) and
A Lesson Before Dying (1999).
[40] In 2005, Tyson co-starred in
Because of Winn-Dixie .
[41]
In 2010, Tyson appeared in
Why Did I Get Married Too? and narrated the
Paul Robeson Award -winning documentary Up from the Bottoms: The Search for the American Dream. In 2011, Tyson appeared in her first music video in
Willow Smith 's 21st Century Girl. That same year, she played Constantine Jefferson, a maid in
Jackson, Mississippi , in the critically acclaimed period drama
The Help .
[42] Set in the backdrop of the
Civil Rights Movement , the film won the
Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Acting Ensemble and the
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture .
[43]
[44]
At the
67th Tony Awards , on June 9, 2013, Tyson won the
Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for her performance as Miss Carrie Watts in
The Trip to Bountiful . Upon winning, the 88-year-old actress became the oldest recipient of the Best Actress Tony Award.
[45]
[46] She also won the
Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Play and the
Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Actress in a Play for the role.
[47]
[48]
In 2013, Tyson played a supporting role in the horror film
The Haunting in Connecticut 2: Ghosts of Georgia .
[49] Beginning in 2014, Tyson guest-starred on
How to Get Away with Murder as Ophelia Harkness, the mother of main character
Annalise Keating (
Viola Davis ); for this role, she was nominated for a
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020.
In 2020, she starred in the popular movie
A Fall From Grace which was featured on
Netflix .
[50]
Personal life
Davis and Tyson in 1982
At the age of 18, Tyson married Kenneth Franklin on December 27, 1942.
[51] They had a daughter two months later, in February 1943.
[52] According to her divorce decree, her husband abandoned her on June 18, 1944. The marriage was formally dissolved in 1956.
[53]
[54]
Tyson began dating jazz trumpeter
Miles Davis in the 1960s when he was in the process of divorcing dancer
Frances Davis .
[55] Davis used a photo of Tyson for his 1967 album,
Sorcerer . Davis told the press in 1967 that he intended to marry Tyson in March 1968 after his divorce was finalized,
[56] but instead he married singer
Betty Mabry that September.
[57]
Tyson and Davis rekindled their relationship in 1978. They were married on November 26, 1981, in a ceremony conducted by Atlanta mayor
Andrew Young at the home of actor
Bill Cosby . Their marriage was tumultuous due to Davis' volatile temper and infidelity.
[58] Davis credited Tyson with saving his life and helping him overcome his
cocaine addiction.
[58] They resided in
Malibu, California , and New York City, until she filed for divorce in 1988.
[59] Their
divorce was finalized in 1989, two years before Davis died in 1991.
[58]
Tyson was godmother to the singer
Lenny Kravitz , having been friends with his mother, actress
Roxie Roker , as well as to
Denzel Washington 's daughter Katia and
Tyler Perry 's son Aman.
[60]
Tyson was an honorary member of
Delta Sigma Theta sorority.
[61] She was a member of the
Abyssinian Baptist Church of New York.
[62] She was a
vegetarian .
[63] She was also a first-cousin of
Louis Farrakhan , a longtime leader of the
Nation of Islam .
[64]
Tyson's memoir, Just as I Am , was published on January 26, 2021,
[65] and she promoted the book during the last weeks of her life. When she was asked how she wanted to be remembered in an interview with
Gayle King , Tyson said, "I've done my best. That's all."
[66]
Death
Tyson died on January 28, 2021, at the age of 96.
[65] Her funeral was held February 16 at the Abyssinian Baptist Church in Harlem, and was attended by
Tyler Perry , her godson Lenny Kravitz, and
Bill and
Hillary Clinton .
[67]
Tyson was interred in
Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York) with former husband Miles Davis.
Filmography
Selected credits:
Awards and honors
Cicely Tyson is the recipient of numerous accolades, including an
Academy Honorary Award , three
Emmy Awards , and a
Tony Award . Tyson won three Primetime Emmy Awards for her work in television winning for,
The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman (1974), and
Oldest Living Confederate Widow Tells All (1994). She won the Tony Award for
Best Actress in a Play her performance in
The Trip to Bountiful in 2014. Tyson won her Honorary Academy Award in 2018 with the inscription reading, "Whose unforgettable performances and personal integrity have inspired generations of filmmakers, actors and audiences."
Tyson has also received various honours for her lifetime achievement as a groundbreaking artist. In 2015, she received a
Kennedy Center Honor . In 2016 she was bestowed the
Presidential Medal of Freedom from
President Barack Obama . In 2020, she received a Career Achievement
Peabody Award . That same year she was inducted into the
Television Hall of Fame .
Tyson in 2009
In 1977, Tyson was inducted into the
Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame . In 1980, she received the Golden Plate Award of the
American Academy of Achievement .
[68] In 1982, Tyson was awarded the
Women in Film
Crystal Award . The award is given to outstanding women who, through their endurance and the excellence of their work, have helped to expand the role of women within the entertainment industry.
[69] In 1988, Tyson received a
Candace Award for Distinguished Service from the
National Coalition of 100 Black Women .
[70] In 1997, she received a star on the
Hollywood Walk of Fame .
[71]
In 2005, Tyson was honored at
Oprah Winfrey's Legends Ball . She was also honored by the
Congress of Racial Equality , the
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People , and the
National Council of Negro Women .
[72]
[73] Tyson was awarded the
NAACP 's 2010
Spingarn Medal for her contribution to the entertainment industry, her modeling career, and her support of civil rights.
[74]
[75]
[76] Tyson was a recipient of the
Kennedy Center Honors in 2015.
[77] She was awarded the United States' highest civilian honor, the
Presidential Medal of Freedom , by President
Barack Obama in November 2016.
[78] In September 2018, the
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that Tyson would receive an
Academy Honorary Award .
[79] On November 18, 2018, Tyson became the first African-American woman to receive an honorary Oscar.
[80] In 2018, Tyson was inducted into the
American Theater Hall of Fame .
[81] One of 12 soundstages was named after Tyson in her honor at
Tyler Perry Studios . She was chosen to be inducted into the
Television Academy's Hall of Fame in 2020.
[82] In 2022, she was posthumously inducted into the
Black Music & Entertainment Walk of Fame in 2022.
[83]
Tyson received honorary degrees from
Clark Atlanta University ,
[84]
Columbia University ;
[85]
Howard University ;
[86] and
Morehouse College , an all-male
historically black college .
[87] The
Cicely Tyson School of Performing and Fine Arts , a magnet school in
East Orange, New Jersey , was named after her in 2009.
[88]
Notes
^ At the time of her death, numerous sources, most notably the New York Times, listed Tyson's date of birth as December 18, 1924. Indeed it was the Times, back in 2013, that had first broken the story, confirmed by Tyson, that the actress was in fact 88 years old, and thus born in December 1924 rather than 1933 as had been previously reported.
[6] As Tyson explained in her 2021 memoir, "1933" was no mistake, but rather a prime example of the age-shaving initiated by her onetime manager and perpetuated by Tyson with the express intent of bypassing the pervasive age discrimination facing women in the industry. That said, no matter how many years mysteriously vanished along the way, the month and day of her birth, as cited in media accounts throughout Tyson's career, had remained a constant at December 19.
[7] By contrast, the only source for the Times' 12/18 date seems to be a 1935 document, the Petition for Naturalization filed by Cicely's father William Augustine Tyson on July 31 of that year. The problem is that by that time, again as recounted in the 2021 memoir, it had been at least seven months—and perhaps as many as 10—since Mr. Tyson actually resided with his wife and children. The previous fall, no longer willing to put up with William's persistent and unrepentant adultery (not to mention his hair-trigger temper when confronted regarding this behavior), Fredericka Tyson had gathered their three children plus essential belongings and promptly moved to a new address, where her husband was welcome to visit—so as not to deprive their children of a father altogether—but no more than that.
[8] (Just how deep a rift had been opened up between the two may perhaps be gleaned from the 1940 U.S. Census entry for the Tyson family, now minus William, wherein all four remaining Tysons have retroactively been 'reborn' in South Carolina.
[2] ) And so, coming some seven to 10 months after their informal separation, with his attention presumably even more divided than before, a slight lack of precision regarding his eldest daughter's birth date should not come as too great a surprise.
References
^
a
b
"Petition for Naturalization" .
FamilySearch.org . U.S. District Court Naturalization Records, 1824–1946. July 31, 1935. Cecily, Dec. 18, 1924
^
a
b
c
"United States Census, 1940; New York City, Manhattan, Assembly District 18" .
FamilySearch.org . Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. April 3, 1940. Cecily Tyson, Female, 16, Single, Negro, Daughter
^
" 'Stars of Tomorrow' Enroll for Contest" .
New York Amsterdam News . May 23, 1953. Close on her heels were Jean Johnson, a beautician of 435 W. 125th St., and Cecily Tyson, a fashion model, who lives at 311 E. 102nd St.
^
"Cicely Tyson, Towering Award-Winning Star of Stage and Screen, Dies at 96" .
Broadway.com . January 28, 2021. Cicely Louise Tyson was born on December 18, 1924 in New York City.
^
a
b Elber, Lynn (January 23, 2020).
"Cicely Tyson Talks Life, Longevity and Love" . Chicago Tribune . p. 36. "She described her annual birthday eve ritual. 'I sit at a table with a clock and when it gets to one minute after 12, that's when I say, "Thank You," and "Happy Birthday, Cicely,"' said Tyson, who was born December 19, 1924 in New York City." See also:
Tyson, Cicely; Burford, Michelle (2021). Just as I Am: A Memoir . New York, NY: HarperCollins. pp. 16, 17, 368.
ISBN
978-0-06-293106-1 "My parents began their married life together in a Bronx tenement before later relocating to Manhattan's East Side. The year after they wed, they welcomed my brother, Melrose, a name my father had loved since the day he spotted it on a street sign in the Bronx. Six days before Christmas in 1924, I arrived with my thumb poked in my mouth and nary a strand of hair." [...] "After we'd moved from the Bronx to the East Side, Daddy would put me in my stroller early in the mornings and walk me over to Central Park." [...] "During the press blitzkrieg surrounding the Kennedy Center ceremony, I spoke that number aloud with nary a quake in my voice. 'When were you born?' one reporter asked me. 'December 19, 1924,' I answered.'"
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ISSN
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^
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^
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: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
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^
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^
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^
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^
a
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^
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^
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^
a
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
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^
a
b
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^
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^
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"The legendary Cicely Tyson graces the cover of TIME Magazine's second Optimism issue out this month. Tyson has been acting since 1956. She has received several honors and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. She's an Honorary Member of Delta Sigma Theta" (
Tweet ) – via
Twitter .
^ Leonardo Blair,
Cicely Tyson's pastor remembers her faith as family announces public viewing , christianpost.com, USA, February 5, 2021
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^
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^
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^
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Wayback Machine . Wif.org. Retrieved August 9, 2013.
^
"Candace Award in 1982–1990" . NCBW.org . National Coalition of 100 Black Women. p. 3. Archived from
the original on March 14, 2003.
^
"Cicely Tyson" . walkoffame.com . Hollywood Chamber of Commerce. October 25, 2019. Retrieved January 29, 2021 .
^
"CICELY TYSON TO RECEIVE CRYSTAL STAIR AWARD" . Sugarcane Magazine . October 24, 2017. Retrieved February 1, 2021 .
^ Pedersen, Erik (January 28, 2021).
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^
"NAACP Spingarn Medal" . NAACP.org . National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Archived from
the original on July 7, 2010. Retrieved August 9, 2013 .
^
"NAACP Names Cicely Tyson 95th Spingarn Medalist" . NAACP.org . National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Archived from
the original on July 17, 2011. Retrieved March 8, 2016 .
^ Outten, Bridgette.
"NAACP Honors Cicely Tyson with Spingarn Medal, Wraps Up Convention" . Politic365.com . Archived from
the original on March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 8, 2016 .
^
"Cicely Tyson" .
Britannica .com . Retrieved January 21, 2018 .
^ Kennedy, Merrit (November 16, 2016).
"These Are The 21 People Receiving The Nation's Highest Civilian Honor" .
NPR .org . Retrieved March 16, 2017 .
^ Bahr, Lindsay (September 5, 2018).
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^ Sinha-Roy, Piya (November 19, 2018).
"Cicely Tyson, Kathleen Kennedy break new ground with honorary Oscars" . EW.com . Retrieved November 19, 2018 .
^ Gans, Andrew (November 12, 2018).
"Cicely Tyson, Christine Baranski, David Henry Hwang, More Inducted Into Theater Hall of Fame November 12" . Playbill . Retrieved December 26, 2018 .
^
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^ Nazareno, Mia (December 17, 2021).
"Smokey Robinson, Berry Gordy, Jr. & More to Be Inducted at 2022 Black Music and Entertainment Walk of Fame" . Billboard . Retrieved February 17, 2022 .
^ Willis, Cortney (January 29, 2021).
"7 Reasons Cicely Tyson Deserves All Our Respect" . Yahoo News.
^
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^ Cox, Timothy (May 19, 2016).
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^ Bondy, Halley (September 25, 2009).
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The Star-Ledger . Retrieved January 30, 2021 .
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