• 16th-century astronomers by nationality‎ (16 C)
• 16th-century mathematicians by nationality‎ (16 C)

A

• 16th-century Austrian scientists‎ (2 C)

C

• 16th-century Chinese scientists‎ (3 C)

D

• 16th-century Danish scientists‎ (1 C, 2 P)
• 16th-century Dutch scientists‎ (7 C, 1 P)

E

• 16th-century English scientists‎ (7 C, 3 P)

F

• 16th-century Finnish scientists‎ (1 P)
• 16th-century French scientists‎ (4 C, 6 P)

G

• 16th-century German scientists‎ (5 C, 3 P)
• 16th-century Greek physicists‎ (1 P)
• 16th-century Greek scientists‎ (1 C, 6 P)

I

• 16th-century Indian scientists‎ (4 C)
• 16th-century Iranian scientists‎ (2 C)
• 16th-century Italian scientists‎ (5 C, 17 P)

O

• 16th-century scientists from the Ottoman Empire‎ (1 C, 3 P)

P

• 16th-century Polish scientists‎ (2 C, 6 P)
• 16th-century Portuguese scientists‎ (1 C)

S

• Scientists of the Habsburg Netherlands‎ (7 P)
• 16th-century Scottish scientists‎ (1 C, 1 P)
• 16th-century Spanish scientists‎ (3 C)
• 16th-century Swedish scientists‎ (1 C)
• 16th-century Swiss scientists‎ (3 C, 2 P)