From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Subtribe of carnivores
Canina is a
taxonomic rank which represents the wolf-like sub
tribe of the tribe
Canini , and is sister to the subtribe
Cerdocyonina .
Fossils of this group date to 5 million years ago, however they are likely to have been in existence 9 million years ago.
[3] : 4 Its members as a group are colloquially known as the wolf-like canids .
[4]
[5]
[6]
Taxonomy
This subtribe is defined by two synapomorphies: a
zygoma that is strongly arched dorsoventrally, and the usual presence of a second posterior cusp on
p4 lying between the first posterior cusp and the
cingulum .
Members of the subtribe Canina are able to produce
canid hybrids due to their shared karyotype of 78 chromosomes arranged in 39 pairs.
[4]
The cladogram below is based on the phylogeny of Lindblad-Toh et al . (2005),
[5] modified to incorporate recent findings on
Canis species.
[7]
[8]
References
^ Wang, Xiaoming; Tedford, Richard H.; Dogs: Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008, page 174
^ Fischer de Waldheim, G. (1817). "Canina". Adversaria Zoological . 5 . Memoir Societe Naturelle (Moscow): 368–428. p372
^
a
b
c
Tedford, Richard H. ;
Wang, Xiaoming ; Taylor, Beryl E. (2009).
"Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae)" (PDF) .
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History . 325 : 1–218.
doi :
10.1206/574.1 .
hdl :
2246/5999 .
S2CID
83594819 .
^
a
b Wayne, Robert K. (June 1993).
"Molecular evolution of the dog family" . Trends in Genetics . 9 (6): 218–224.
doi :
10.1016/0168-9525(93)90122-x .
PMID
8337763 .
^
a
b Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin; Wade, Claire M.; Mikkelsen, Tarjei S.; Karlsson, Elinor K.; Jaffe, David B.; Kamal, Michael; et al. (2005).
"Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog" . Nature . 438 (7069): 803–819.
Bibcode :
2005Natur.438..803L .
doi :
10.1038/nature04338 .
PMID
16341006 .
^ Castelló, J.R. (2018).
"Ch.2 - Wolf-like Canids" . Canids of the World: Wolves, Wild Dogs, Foxes, Jackals, Coyotes, and Their Relatives .
Princeton University Press . p. 74.
ISBN
978-0-691-18372-5 .
^ Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Pollinger, John; Godinho, Raquel; Robinson, Jacqueline; Lea, Amanda; Hendricks, Sarah; et al. (2015).
"Genome-wide evidence reveals that African and Eurasian Golden Jackals are distinct species" . Current Biology . 25 (16): 2158–2165.
doi :
10.1016/j.cub.2015.06.060 .
PMID
26234211 .
^ Perri, Angela R.; Mitchell, Kieren J.; Mouton, Alice; Álvarez-Carretero, Sandra; Hulme-Beaman, Ardern; Haile, James; Jamieson, Alexandra; Meachen, Julie; Lin, Audrey T.; Schubert, Blaine W.; Ameen, Carly; Antipina, Ekaterina E.; Bover, Pere; Brace, Selina; Carmagnini, Alberto; Carøe, Christian; Samaniego Castruita, Jose A.; Chatters, James C.;
Dobney, Keith ; Dos Reis, Mario; Evin, Allowen; Gaubert, Philippe; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Gower, Graham; Heiniger, Holly; Helgen, Kristofer M.; Kapp, Josh; Kosintsev, Pavel A.; Linderholm, Anna; Ozga, Andrew T.; Presslee, Samantha; Salis, Alexander T.; Saremi, Nedda F.; Shew, Colin; Skerry, Katherine; Taranenko, Dmitry E.; Thompson, Mary; Sablin, Mikhail V.; Kuzmin, Yaroslav V.; Collins, Matthew J.; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.;
Gilbert, M. Thomas P. ; Stone, Anne C.; Shapiro, Beth;
Van Valkenburgh, Blaire ; Wayne, Robert K.; Larson, Greger; Cooper, Alan; Frantz, Laurent A. F. (2021).
"Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage" . Nature . 591 (7848): 87–91.
doi :
10.1038/s41586-020-03082-x .
PMID
33442059 .
S2CID
231604957 .