Yucatán was the first region of the Mexican territory to encounter
Christianity in the 16th century; it was there that the first
Roman Catholic Mass was celebrated. It is said that in 1517
Francisco Hernández de Córdoba, the discoverer and explorer of the region, founded the first
parish.
Pope Leo X, believing the newly discovered land to be an island, by the
papal bullSacri apostolatus ministerio, dated 27 January 1518, created the Diocese of Yucatán, under the name Carolense and placed it under the protection of Our Lady of the Remedies (
Santa Maria de los Remedios).
When it became known that Yucatán was part of the continent which
Hernán Cortés was conquering,
Pope Clement VII made certain modifications, and
DominicanfriarJulián Garcés, was transferred from his office of Bishop of Yucatán to that of Bishop of
Tlaxcala (now the
Archdiocese of Puebla de los Angeles) when he arrived in Mexico, as the Spanish had abandoned the conquest of Yucatán for this new land.[3] The first resident bishop was
Francisco Toral, a
Franciscan friar, who took possession on 15 August 1562, one year after his appointment;[4] he assisted at the first and second Mexican
Provincial Councils.
Juan Gómez de Parada, the 20th bishop, governed the dioceses of Yucatán,
Guatemala, and
Guadalajara with great success. His successor,
Ignacio Castorena y Ursúa, was the founder of the first newspaper published in
Mexico.
José María Guerra, 35th bishop (d. 1863), lived during the famous
Caste War, which ruined almost the whole of Yucatán. It was at the instance of
Leandro Rodríguez de la Gala, his successor, that the new
See of Tabasco was formed from parishes taken from the Diocese of Yucatán. The Province and Vicariate of Petén, situated in
Guatemala, which ecclesiastically had belonged to Yucatán, became a part of the
See of Guatemala. Believing that the colony of
Belize was his dependency, the bishop sent missionaries there in 1864; this land, however, had been under the administration of priests sent form the Vicariate Apostolic of
Jamaica since 1837. The Diocese of Yucatán was suffragan of Mexico until 1891, when it became suffragan of the newly created Archdiocese of Oaxaca. In 1895 the new See of Campeche was created from parishes taken from Yucatán, to which was added all the territory of Quintana Roo.