| Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Bali and West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia |
| Linguistic classification |
Austronesian
|
| Glottolog | bali1277 |
The Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa languages are a group of closely related languages spoken in Indonesia in the western Lesser Sunda Islands ( Bali and West Nusa Tenggara). The three languages are Balinese on Bali, Sasak on Lombok, and Sumbawa on western Sumbawa. [1]
These languages have similarities with Javanese, which several classifications have taken as evidence of a relationship between them. However, the similarities are with the "high" registers (formal language/royal speech) of Balinese and Sasak; when the "low" registers (commoner speech) are considered, the connection appears instead to be with Madurese and Malay. (See Malayo-Sumbawan languages.)
The position of the Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa languages within the Malayo-Polynesian languages is unclear. Adelaar (2005) assigned them to a larger "Malayo-Sumbawan" subgroup, [2] but this proposal remains controversial. [3] [4]
Languages
| Language | Native name | Historical script | Modern script | Number of speakers (in millions) | Native region |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balinese | Basa Bali ᬩᬲᬩᬮᬶ |
Balinese script | Latin script | 3.3 (2000) | Bali, Lombok, Java |
| Sasak | Base Sasak ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄ |
Balinese script | Latin script | 2.7 (2010) | Lombok |
| Sumbawa | ᨈᨘ ᨔᨆᨓ Basa Samawa |
Lontara script | Latin script | 300,000 (1989) | Sumbawa |
References
- ^ Adelaar, K. Alexander (2005). "The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar: a historical perspective". In Adelaar, K. Alexander; Himmelmann, Nikolaus (eds.). The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar. London: Routledge. pp. 1–42.
- ^ Adelaar, Alexander (2005). "Malayo-Sumbawan". Oceanic Linguistics. 44 (2): 357–388. JSTOR 3623345.
- ^ Blust, Robert (2010). "The Greater North Borneo Hypothesis". Oceanic Linguistics. 49 (1): 44–118. doi: 10.1353/ol.0.0060. JSTOR 40783586.
- ^ Smith, Alexander D. (December 2017). "The Western Malayo-Polynesian Problem". Oceanic Linguistics. 56 (2). University of Hawai'i Press: 435–490. doi: 10.1353/ol.2017.0021.