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Medical condition
Acquired hemolytic anemia can be divided into immune and non-immune mediated forms of
hemolytic anemia .
Immune
Immune mediated hemolytic anaemia (direct
Coombs test is positive)[
citation needed ]
Non-immune
Non-immune mediated hemolytic anemia (direct
Coombs test is negative)
Drugs (i.e., some drugs and other ingested substances lead to hemolysis by direct action on RBCs, e.g.,
ribavirin )
Toxins (e.g.,
snake venom; plant poisons such as
aesculin )
Trauma
Mechanical (from
heart valves , extensive vascular surgery, microvascular disease, repeated mechanical vascular trauma)
Microangiopathic hemolytic anaemia (a specific subtype with causes such as TTP, HUS, DIC and HELLP syndrome)
Infections (Note: Direct Coombs test is sometimes positive in hemolytic anaemia due to infection)
Membrane disorders
Drug induced hemolysis
Drug induced hemolysis has large clinical relevance. It occurs when drugs actively provoke red blood cell destruction. It can be divided in the following manner:[
citation needed ]
A total of four mechanisms are usually described, but there is some evidence that these mechanisms may overlap.
[1]
References
^ Wright MS (1999). "Drug-induced hemolytic anemias: increasing complications to therapeutic interventions". Clin Lab Sci . 12 (2): 115–8.
PMID
10387489 .
External links