Film category of the Oscars
The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for the best animated film. An animated feature is defined by the academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique, a significant number of the major characters are animated, and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time. The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first awarded in 2002 for films released in 2001.
[1]
[2]
[3]
The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award's inception. If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category, the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films, otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist.
[4]
History
For much of the Academy Awards' history, AMPAS was resistant to the idea of a regular award for animated features, considering there were simply too few produced to justify such consideration.
[5] Instead, the academy occasionally bestowed special Oscars for exceptional productions, usually for
Walt Disney Pictures , such as for
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs in 1938,
[6] and the
Special Achievement Academy Award for the live action/animated hybrid
Who Framed Roger Rabbit in 1989
[7] and
Toy Story in 1996.
[8] In fact, prior to the award's creation, only one animated film was nominated for
Best Picture : 1991's
Beauty and the Beast , also by Disney.
[9]
[10]
By 2001, the rise of sustained competitors to Disney in the feature animated film market, such as
DreamWorks Animation (founded by former Disney executive
Jeffrey Katzenberg ), created an increase of film releases of significant annual number enough for AMPAS to reconsider.
[5] The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given out at the
74th Academy Awards ,
[11] held on March 24, 2002.
[12] The academy included a rule that stated that the award would not be presented in a year in which fewer than eight eligible films opened in theaters.
[13] It dropped the rule on April 23, 2019, to make voting for animated films more acceptable.
[14] People in the animation industry, as well as fans, expressed hope that the prestige from this award and the resulting boost to the box office would encourage the increased production of animated features.[
citation needed ]
In 2009, when the nominee slots for Best Picture were doubled to ten,
Up was nominated for both Animated Feature and Picture at the
82nd Academy Awards , the first to do so since the inception of the Animated Feature category. This feat was repeated the following year by
Toy Story 3 .[
citation needed ]
In 2010, the academy enacted a new rule regarding the
motion capture technique employed in films such as
A Christmas Carol (2009) and
The Adventures of Tintin (2011), directed by
Academy Award for Best Director winners
Robert Zemeckis and
Steven Spielberg respectively, and how they might not be eligible in this category in the future. This rule was possibly made to prevent nominations of live-action films that rely heavily on motion capture, such as
Avatar (2009).[
citation needed ]
In 2022, it was unclear whether
Marcel the Shell with Shoes On would be eligible for the award at the
95th Academy Awards due to being a
live-action/stop-motion animated hybrid . Director Dean Fleischer Camp said that he and A24 had to submit documentation in order to prove the film had enough animation to meet the award's minimum requirements.
[15]
[16] Nonetheless, the AMPAS officially deemed the film eligible for consideration in the Animated Feature category and was eventually nominated for said category.
[17]
Best Picture criticism
Some members and fans have criticized the award, however, saying it is only intended to prevent animated films from having a chance of winning Best Picture. DreamWorks had advertised heavily during the holiday 2001 season for
Shrek , but was disappointed when the rumored Best Picture nomination did not materialize, though it was nominated for and ultimately won the inaugural Best Animated Feature award.
[1]
The criticism surrounding the Best Animated Feature category was particularly prominent at the
81st Academy Awards , in which
WALL-E won the award but was not nominated for Best Picture, despite receiving widespread acclaim from critics and audiences alike and being generally considered to be one of the best films of 2008.
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21] This sparked controversy over whether the film was deliberately snubbed of such nomination by the academy. Film critic
Peter Travers commented that "if there was ever a time where an animated feature deserved to be nominated for Best Picture, it's WALL-E ." However, official Academy Award regulations state that any film nominated for this category can still be nominated for Best Picture.
[4] This, as well as more backlash that
The Dark Knight was also not another Best Picture nominee meant that next year, the academy expanded the Best Picture category.
[22] After the expansion, two animated films—
Up (2009) and
Toy Story 3 (2010)—were nominated for Best Picture.
[23]
From 2010 onward, with the increasing competitiveness of the Animated Feature category, Pixar (a perennial nominee) did not receive nominations for several recent films due to the more mixed critical response and comparatively low box-office receipts, while Pixar's sister studio
Disney Animation won their first three awards.
[24]
Winners and nominees
Hayao Miyazaki won in 2003 for
Spirited Away and again in 2024 for
The Boy and the Heron .
Andrew Stanton won in 2004 for
Finding Nemo and again in 2009 for
WALL-E .
Brad Bird won in 2005 for
The Incredibles and again in 2008 for
Ratatouille .
Nick Park won in 2006 for
Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit .
George Miller won in 2007 for
Happy Feet .
Pete Docter holds the record for most wins in this category, winning three times for
Up in 2010,
Inside Out in 2016, and
Soul in 2021.
Lee Unkrich won in 2011 for
Toy Story 3 and again in 2018 for
Coco .
Gore Verbinski won in 2012 for
Rango .
Chris Buck won in 2014 for
Frozen .
Jonas Rivera won in 2016 for Inside Out and again in 2020 for
Toy Story 4 .
Byron Howard won in 2017 for
Zootopia and again in 2022 for
Encanto .
Guillermo del Toro won in 2023 for
Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio .
Table key
Indicates the winner
2000s
2010s
Year
Film
Nominees
Ref.
2010
(83rd)
Toy Story 3
Lee Unkrich
[33]
How to Train Your Dragon
Chris Sanders and
Dean DeBlois
The Illusionist
Sylvain Chomet
2011
(84th)
Rango
Gore Verbinski
[34]
A Cat in Paris
Alain Gagnol and
Jean-Loup Felicioli
Chico and Rita
Fernando Trueba and
Javier Mariscal
Kung Fu Panda 2
Jennifer Yuh Nelson
Puss in Boots
Chris Miller
2012
(85th)
Brave
Mark Andrews and
Brenda Chapman
[35]
Frankenweenie
Tim Burton
ParaNorman
Sam Fell and
Chris Butler
The Pirates! Band of Misfits
Peter Lord
Wreck-It Ralph
Rich Moore
2013
(86th)
Frozen
Chris Buck ,
Jennifer Lee and
Peter Del Vecho
[36]
The Croods
Chris Sanders ,
Kirk DeMicco and
Kristine Belson
Despicable Me 2
Chris Renaud ,
Pierre Coffin and
Chris Meledandri
Ernest & Celestine
Benjamin Renner and
Didier Brunner
The Wind Rises
Hayao Miyazaki and
Toshio Suzuki
2014
(87th)
Big Hero 6
Don Hall ,
Chris Williams and
Roy Conli
[37]
The Boxtrolls
Anthony Stacchi ,
Graham Annable and
Travis Knight
How to Train Your Dragon 2
Dean DeBlois and
Bonnie Arnold
Song of the Sea
Tomm Moore and
Paul Young
The Tale of the Princess Kaguya
Isao Takahata and
Yoshiaki Nishimura
2015
(88th)
Inside Out
Pete Docter and
Jonas Rivera
[38]
Anomalisa
Charlie Kaufman ,
Duke Johnson and
Rosa Tran
Boy and the World
Alê Abreu
Shaun the Sheep Movie
Mark Burton and
Richard Starzak
When Marnie Was There
Hiromasa Yonebayashi and
Yoshiaki Nishimura
2016
(89th)
Zootopia
Byron Howard ,
Rich Moore and
Clark Spencer
[39]
Kubo and the Two Strings
Travis Knight and
Arianne Sutner
Moana
John Musker ,
Ron Clements and
Osnat Shurer
My Life as a Courgette
Claude Barras and
Max Karli
The Red Turtle
Michaël Dudok de Wit and
Toshio Suzuki
2017
(90th)
Coco
Lee Unkrich and
Darla K. Anderson
[40]
The Boss Baby
Tom McGrath and
Ramsey Naito
The Breadwinner
Nora Twomey and
Anthony Leo
Ferdinand
Carlos Saldanha and Lori Forte
Loving Vincent
Dorota Kobiela ,
Hugh Welchman and
Ivan Mactaggart
2018
(91st)
Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse
Bob Persichetti ,
Peter Ramsey ,
Rodney Rothman ,
Phil Lord and Christopher Miller
[41]
Incredibles 2
Brad Bird ,
John Walker and
Nicole Paradis Grindle
Isle of Dogs
Wes Anderson ,
Scott Rudin ,
Steven Rales and
Jeremy Dawson
Mirai
Mamoru Hosoda and
Yuichiro Saito
Ralph Breaks the Internet
Rich Moore,
Phil Johnston and
Clark Spencer
2019
(92nd)
Toy Story 4
Josh Cooley , Mark Nielsen and
Jonas Rivera
[42]
How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World
Dean DeBlois,
Bradford Lewis and Bonnie Arnold
I Lost My Body
Jérémy Clapin and
Marc du Pontavice
Klaus
Sergio Pablos , Jinko Gotoh and Marisa Román
Missing Link
Chris Butler , Arianne Sutner and Travis Knight
2020s
Year
Film
Nominees
Ref.
2020
(93rd)
Soul
Pete Docter and
Dana Murray
[43]
Onward
Dan Scanlon and
Kori Rae
Over the Moon
Glen Keane , Gennie Rim and Peilin Chou
A Shaun the Sheep Movie: Farmageddon
Richard Phelan,
Will Becher and Paul Kewley
Wolfwalkers
Tomm Moore , Ross Stewart,
Paul Young and Stéphan Roelants
2021
(94th)
Encanto
Jared Bush ,
Byron Howard ,
Yvett Merino and
Clark Spencer
[44]
Flee
Jonas Poher Rasmussen ,
Monica Hellström ,
Signe Byrge Sørensen and
Charlotte de la Gournerie
Luca
Enrico Casarosa and Andrea Warren
The Mitchells vs. the Machines
Mike Rianda ,
Phil Lord, Christopher Miller and Kurt Albrecht
Raya and the Last Dragon
Don Hall ,
Carlos López Estrada ,
Osnat Shurer and
Peter Del Vecho
2022
(95th)
Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio
Guillermo del Toro ,
Mark Gustafson , Gary Ungar and
Alex Bulkley
[45]
Marcel the Shell with Shoes On
Dean Fleischer Camp ,
Elisabeth Holm , Andrew Goldman,
Caroline Kaplan and
Paul Mezey
Puss in Boots: The Last Wish
Joel Crawford and Mark Swift
The Sea Beast
Chris Williams and Jed Schlanger
Turning Red
Domee Shi and Lindsey Collins
2023
(96th)
The Boy and the Heron
Hayao Miyazaki and
Toshio Suzuki
[46]
Elemental
Peter Sohn and Denise Ream
Nimona
Nick Bruno ,
Troy Quane , Karen Ryan and Julie Zackary
Robot Dreams
Pablo Berger , Ibon Cormenzana, Ignasi Estapé and Sandra Tapia Diaz
Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse
Kemp Powers , Justin K. Thompson,
Phil Lord, Christopher Miller and
Amy Pascal
Multiple wins and nominations
Multiple wins
Multiple nominations
Studios and franchises with multiple nominations
Studios
Studio
Wins
Nominations
Films
Pixar
11
18
Monsters, Inc. ,
Finding Nemo ,
The Incredibles ,
Cars ,
Ratatouille ,
WALL-E ,
Up ,
Toy Story 3 ,
Brave ,
Inside Out ,
Coco ,
Incredibles 2 ,
Toy Story 4 ,
Onward ,
Soul ,
Luca ,
Turning Red ,
Elemental
Walt Disney Animation Studios
4
13
Lilo & Stitch ,
Treasure Planet ,
Brother Bear ,
Bolt ,
The Princess and the Frog ,
Wreck-It Ralph ,
Frozen ,
Big Hero 6 ,
Zootopia ,
Moana ,
Ralph Breaks the Internet ,
Raya and the Last Dragon ,
Encanto
DreamWorks Animation
2
14
Shrek ,
Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron ,
Shrek 2 ,
Shark Tale ,
Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit ,
[a]
Kung Fu Panda ,
How to Train Your Dragon ,
Kung Fu Panda 2 ,
Puss in Boots ,
The Croods ,
How to Train Your Dragon 2 ,
The Boss Baby ,
How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World ,
Puss in Boots: The Last Wish
Studio Ghibli
7
Spirited Away ,
Howl's Moving Castle ,
The Wind Rises ,
The Tale of the Princess Kaguya ,
When Marnie Was There ,
The Red Turtle ,
The Boy and the Heron
Sony Pictures Animation
1
5
Surf's Up ,
The Pirates! Band of Misfits ,
[b]
Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse ,
The Mitchells vs. the Machines ,
Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse
Netflix Animation
4
Klaus ,
Over the Moon ,
The Sea Beast ,
Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio
Aardman
Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit ,
[a]
The Pirates! Band of Misfits ,
[b]
Shaun the Sheep Movie ,
A Shaun the Sheep Movie: Farmageddon
Nickelodeon
2
Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius ,
Rango
Laika
0
6
Corpse Bride ,
[c]
Coraline ,
ParaNorman ,
The Boxtrolls ,
Kubo and the Two Strings ,
Missing Link
Cartoon Saloon
4
The Secret of Kells ,
[d]
Song of the Sea ,
The Breadwinner ,
Wolfwalkers
Les Armateurs
3
The Triplets of Belleville ,
The Secret of Kells ,
[d]
Ernest & Celestine
Blue Sky Studios
Ice Age ,
Ferdinand ,
Nimona
[e]
Tim Burton Productions
2
Corpse Bride ,
[c]
Frankenweenie
American Empirical
Fantastic Mr. Fox ,
Isle of Dogs
Franchises
Franchise
Wins
Nominations
Films
Toy Story
2
2
Toy Story 3 ,
Toy Story 4
Shrek
1
4
Shrek ,
Shrek 2 ,
Puss in Boots ,
Puss in Boots: The Last Wish
Wallace and Gromit
3
Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit ,
Shaun the Sheep Movie ,
A Shaun the Sheep Movie: Farmageddon
The Incredibles
2
The Incredibles ,
Incredibles 2
Spider-Verse
Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse ,
Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse
How to Train Your Dragon
0
3
How to Train Your Dragon ,
How to Train Your Dragon 2 ,
How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World
Irish Folklore Trilogy
The Secret of Kells ,
Song of the Sea ,
Wolfwalkers
Kung Fu Panda
2
Kung Fu Panda ,
Kung Fu Panda 2
Wreck-It Ralph
Wreck-It Ralph ,
Ralph Breaks the Internet
Notes
^
a
b Co-production between Aardman Animations and DreamWorks Animation
^
a
b Co-production between Aardman Animations and Sony Pictures Animation
^
a
b Co-production between Laika and Tim Burton Productions
^
a
b Co-production between Cartoon Saloon and Les Armateurs
^ Co-production between Annapurna Animation and Blue Sky Studios
Age superlatives
Milestones
Studios and films
Pixar has the most wins with 11 and the most nominations of any studio with 18.
They won the award in four years in a row with their film released between 2007 and 2010.
Laika has the most nominations without a win, with 6 films.
Almost all the winners have been computer-animated films. The exceptions are
Spirited Away and
The Boy and the Heron , which are the only
hand-drawn animated films, and
Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit and
Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio , the only
stop motion animated films to win.
Spirited Away and The Boy and the Heron (each from
Japan ) are the first and second non-English language films, respectively, to win. They are also the only two
anime films to win.
Toy Story is the only franchise with multiple wins, for its
third and
fourth films .
Shrek (with one win) is the most-nominated franchise with four nominations.
Of the 12
adult animated films nominated, nine of them —
The Triplets of Belleville ,
Persepolis ,
The Wind Rises ,
My Life as a Courgette ,
The Breadwinner ,
Loving Vincent ,
Isle of Dogs ,
Flee and
The Boy and the Heron were each rated PG-13,
Anomalisa is the only R-rated animated film to be nominated in this category, and
Chico and Rita and
I Lost My Body were not rated by the MPAA. The Boy and The Heron became the first animated film for adults (in this case, PG-13-rated) winner.
There have been years when multiple animated films from the same studio were nominated. They are:
Up and Toy Story 3 are the first two films to have won both Best Animated Feature and to have received
Best Picture nominations. Their nominations after the Academy expanded the potential number of nominees for Best Picture from 5 to 10.
Shrek is the only non-Disney and/or Pixar animated film to be nominated for a screenwriting category,
Best Adapted Screenplay , while winning the inaugural Best Animated Feature category.
[12]
[48]
As of 2024, Shrek and
WALL-E are the only winners that are inducted in the
National Film Registry .
[49]
[50]
Studio Ghibli (Japan) has the most wins for a non-US studio with two wins.
Studio Ghibli has the most nominations for a non-US studio with seven films (winning twice for Spirited Away and The Boy and the Heron ).
Flee has the most nominations (3) for both an adult animated and documentary film, and was the first film to be nominated in the categories of Best Animated Feature,
Best International Feature Film and
Best Documentary Feature Film simultaneously.
[51]
Two
motion capture -related computer-animated films were nominated before a rule change in 2010 disqualified such films:
Monster House and
Happy Feet (the latter won the award).
People
In 2013,
Brenda Chapman was the first woman to win for
Brave .
After his win in 2023,
Guillermo del Toro was the first filmmaker to win both the Best Animated Picture (for his adaptation of Pinocchio ) and
Best Picture (for 2017's
The Shape of Water ).
[52]
Pete Docter has the most wins of any individual, winning three awards for Up ,
Inside Out and Soul .
Hayao Miyazaki has the most nominations for a non-US individual, with four films (tied with Pete Docter).
Hayao Miyazaki (Japan) has the most wins for a non-US individual with two.
Ron Clements , Dean DeBlois,
Travis Knight ,
Tomm Moore , and
Chris Sanders are tied for receiving the most nominations without winning, with three each.
See also
References
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Bibliography
External links
Shrek -
Aron Warner (2001)
Spirited Away -
Hayao Miyazaki (2002)
Finding Nemo -
Andrew Stanton (2003)
The Incredibles -
Brad Bird (2004)
Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit -
Nick Park and
Steve Box (2005)
Happy Feet -
George Miller (2006)
Ratatouille -
Brad Bird (2007)
WALL-E -
Andrew Stanton (2008)
Up -
Pete Docter (2009)
Toy Story 3 -
Lee Unkrich (2010)
Rango -
Gore Verbinski (2011)
Brave -
Mark Andrews and
Brenda Chapman (2012)
Frozen -
Chris Buck ,
Jennifer Lee and
Peter Del Vecho (2013)
Big Hero 6 -
Don Hall ,
Chris Williams and
Roy Conli (2014)
Inside Out -
Pete Docter and
Jonas Rivera (2015)
Zootopia -
Byron Howard ,
Rich Moore and
Clark Spencer (2016)
Coco -
Lee Unkrich and
Darla K. Anderson (2017)
Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse -
Bob Persichetti ,
Peter Ramsey ,
Rodney Rothman ,
Phil Lord and Christopher Miller (2018)
Toy Story 4 -
Josh Cooley , Mark Nielsen and
Jonas Rivera (2019)
Soul -
Pete Docter and
Dana Murray (2020)
Encanto -
Jared Bush ,
Byron Howard ,
Yvett Merino and
Clark Spencer (2021)
Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio -
Guillermo del Toro ,
Mark Gustafson , Gary Ungar and
Alex Bulkley (2022)
The Boy and the Heron -
Hayao Miyazaki and
Toshio Suzuki (2023)