Legislative term from 1793-1795
The 3rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the
United States Senate and the
United States House of Representatives . It met at
Congress Hall in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from March 4, 1793, to March 4, 1795, during the fifth and sixth years of
George Washington 's
presidency .
The apportionment of seats in the
House of Representatives was governed by the
Apportionment Act of 1792 and based on the
1790 census . The Senate had a Pro-Administration majority, and the House had an
Anti-Administration majority.
House of Representatives chamber at
Congress Hall
Major events
March 4, 1793: President
George Washington begins his second term.
April 22, 1793: George Washington signed the
Neutrality Proclamation
February 11, 1794: Wishing to avoid charges of being a
Star Chamber , the Senate holds its first public session, resolving "That the Senate doors be opened".
[1]
[2]
March 14, 1794:
Eli Whitney was granted a
patent for the
cotton gin
March 27, 1794: The
federal government authorized the construction of the
original six frigates of the United States Navy
August 7, 1794:
Whiskey Rebellion began: Farmers in the
Monongahela Valley of Pennsylvania rebelled against the federal tax on
liquor and distilled drinks.
August 20, 1794:
Battle of Fallen Timbers — American troops under General
Anthony Wayne forced a confederacy of
Shawnee ,
Mingo ,
Delaware ,
Wyandot ,
Miami ,
Ottawa ,
Chippewa and
Pottawatomie warriors into a disorganized retreat.
Senate chamber at
Congress Hall
Major legislation
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
January 13, 1794:
Flag Act of 1794 , Sess. 1,
ch. 1 , 1
Stat.
341
March 22, 1794:
Slave Trade Act of 1794 , Sess. 1,
ch. 11 , 1
Stat.
347
March 27, 1794:
Naval Act of 1794 , Sess. 1,
ch. 12 , 1
Stat.
350
January 29, 1795:
Naturalization Act of 1795 , Sess. 2,
ch. 20 , 1
Stat.
414
Constitutional amendments
Treaties
Faction summary
There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record.
[3]
Details on changes are shown below in the "
Changes in membership " section.
Senate
House of Representatives
Members of the House of Representatives as shared by each state
Leadership
Senate
Senate President
John Adams
House of Representatives
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Skip to House of Representatives , below
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are
Senate class numbers , which indicate the cycle of their election.
▌ 1.
Oliver Ellsworth (P)
▌ 3.
Roger Sherman (P), until July 23, 1793
▌
Stephen Mitchell (P), from December 2, 1793
▌ 1.
George Read (P), until September 18, 1793
▌
Henry Latimer (P), from February 7, 1795
▌ 2.
John Vining (P)
▌ 2.
James Jackson (A)
▌ 3.
James Gunn (A)
▌ 2.
John Brown (A)
▌ 3.
John Edwards (A)
▌ 1.
Richard Potts (P)
▌ 3.
John Henry (P)
▌ 1.
George Cabot (P)
▌ 2.
Caleb Strong (P)
▌ 2.
Samuel Livermore (P)
▌ 3.
John Langdon (A)
▌ 1.
John Rutherfurd (P)
▌ 2.
Frederick Frelinghuysen (P)
▌ 1.
Aaron Burr (A)
▌ 3.
Rufus King (P)
▌ 2.
Alexander Martin (A)
▌ 3.
Benjamin Hawkins (A)
▌ 1.
Albert Gallatin (A), until February 28, 1794
▌
James Ross (P), from April 24, 1794
▌ 3.
Robert Morris (P)
▌ 1.
Theodore Foster (P)
▌ 2.
William Bradford (P)
▌ 2.
Pierce Butler (A)
▌ 3.
Ralph Izard (P)
▌ 1.
Moses Robinson (A)
▌ 3.
Stephen R. Bradley (A)
▌ 1.
James Monroe (A), until May 27, 1794
▌
Stevens Mason (A), from November 18, 1794
▌ 2.
John Taylor of Caroline (A), until May 11, 1794
▌
Henry Tazewell (A), from December 29, 1794
Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 3rd Congress in March 1793. 2 Anti-Administration
1 Anti-Administration and 1 Pro-Administration
2 Pro-Administration
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
All representatives were elected statewide on a
general ticket .
▌
At-large .
Joshua Coit (P)
▌
At-large .
James Hillhouse (P)
▌
At-large .
Amasa Learned (P)
▌
At-large .
Zephaniah Swift (P)
▌
At-large .
Uriah Tracy (P)
▌
At-large .
Jonathan Trumbull Jr. (P)
▌
At-large .
Jeremiah Wadsworth (P)
▌
At-large .
John Patten (A), until February 14, 1794
▌
Henry Latimer (P), February 14, 1794 – February 7, 1795
Vacant thereafter
Both representatives were elected statewide on a
general ticket .
▌
At-large .
Abraham Baldwin (A)
▌
At-large .
Thomas P. Carnes (A)
▌
1 .
Christopher Greenup (A)
▌
2 .
Alexander D. Orr (A)
▌
1 .
George Dent (P)
▌
2 .
John Mercer (A), until April 13, 1794
▌
Gabriel Duvall (A), from November 11, 1794
▌
3 .
Uriah Forrest (P), until November 8, 1794
▌
Benjamin Edwards (P), from January 2, 1795
▌
4 .
Thomas Sprigg (A)
▌
5 .
Samuel Smith (A)
▌
6 .
Gabriel Christie (A)
▌
7 .
William Hindman (P)
▌
8 .
William Vans Murray (P)
There was a single at-large seat along with four plural districts, each of which had multiple representatives elected at-large on a
general ticket .
▌
1a .
Fisher Ames (P)
▌
1b .
Samuel Dexter (P)
▌
1c .
Benjamin Goodhue (P)
▌
1d .
Samuel Holten (A)
▌
2a .
Dwight Foster (P)
▌
2b .
William Lyman (A)
▌
2c .
Theodore Sedgwick (P)
▌
2d .
Artemas Ward (P)
▌
3a .
Shearjashub Bourne (P)
▌
3b .
Peleg Coffin Jr. (P)
▌
4a .
Henry Dearborn (A)
▌
4b .
George Thatcher (P)
▌
4c .
Peleg Wadsworth (P)
▌
At-large .
David Cobb (P)
All representatives were elected statewide on a
general ticket .
▌
At-large .
Nicholas Gilman (P)
▌
At-large .
John Sherburne (A)
▌
At-large .
Jeremiah Smith (P)
▌
At-large .
Paine Wingate (P)
All representatives were elected statewide on a
general ticket .
▌
At-large .
John Beatty (P)
▌
At-large .
Elias Boudinot (P)
▌
At-large .
Lambert Cadwalader (P)
▌
At-large .
Abraham Clark (P), until September 15, 1794
▌
Aaron Kitchell (A), from January 29, 1795
▌
At-large .
Jonathan Dayton (P)
▌
1 .
Thomas Tredwell (A)
▌
2 .
John Watts (P)
▌
3 .
Philip Van Cortlandt (A)
▌
4 .
Peter Van Gaasbeck (P)
▌
5 .
Theodorus Bailey (A)
▌
6 .
Ezekiel Gilbert (P)
▌
7 .
John E. Van Alen (P)
▌
8 .
Henry Glen (P)
▌
9 .
James Gordon (P)
▌
10 .
Silas Talbot (P), until June 5, 1794
Vacant thereafter
▌
1 .
Joseph McDowell (A)
▌
2 .
Matthew Locke (A)
▌
3 .
Joseph Winston (A)
▌
4 .
Alexander Mebane (A)
▌
5 .
Nathaniel Macon (A)
▌
6 .
James Gillespie (A)
▌
7 .
William Barry Grove (P)
▌
8 .
William Johnston Dawson (A)
▌
9 .
Thomas Blount (A)
▌
10 .
Benjamin Williams (A)
All representatives were elected statewide on a
general ticket .
▌
At-large .
James Armstrong (P)
▌
At-large .
William Findley (A)
▌
At-large .
Thomas Fitzsimons (P)
▌
At-large .
Andrew Gregg (A)
▌
At-large .
Thomas Hartley (P)
▌
At-large .
Daniel Hiester (A)
▌
At-large .
William Irvine (A)
▌
At-large .
John Wilkes Kittera (P)
▌
At-large .
William Montgomery (A)
▌
At-large .
Frederick A. C. Muhlenberg (A)
▌
At-large .
John Peter G. Muhlenberg (A)
▌
At-large .
Thomas Scott (P)
▌
At-large .
John Smilie (A)
Both representatives were elected statewide on a
general ticket .
▌
At-large .
Benjamin Bourne (P)
▌
At-large .
Francis Malbone (P)
▌
1 .
William L. Smith (P)
▌
2 .
John Hunter (A)
▌
3 .
Lemuel Benton (A)
▌
4 .
Richard Winn (A)
▌
5 .
Alexander Gillon (A), until October 6, 1794
▌
Robert Goodloe Harper (P), from February 9, 1795
▌
6 .
Andrew Pickens (A)
▌
1 .
Israel Smith (A)
▌
2 .
Nathaniel Niles (A)
▌
1 .
Robert Rutherford (A)
▌
2 .
Andrew Moore (A)
▌
3 .
Joseph Neville (A)
▌
4 .
Francis Preston (A)
▌
5 .
George Hancock (P)
▌
6 .
Isaac Coles (A)
▌
7 .
Abraham B. Venable (A)
▌
8 .
Thomas Claiborne (A)
▌
9 .
William B. Giles (A)
▌
10 .
Carter B. Harrison (A)
▌
11 .
Josiah Parker (P)
▌
12 .
John Page (A)
▌
13 .
Samuel Griffin (P)
▌
14 .
Francis Walker (A)
▌
15 .
James Madison (A)
▌
16 .
Anthony New (A)
▌
17 .
Richard Bland Lee (P)
▌
18 .
John Nicholas (A)
▌
19 .
John Heath (A)
Non-voting members
Territory South of the River Ohio ("
Southwest Territory ", later "
Tennessee ").
James White , seated September 3, 1794
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Frederick Muhlenberg
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress
United States Senate
There were 1 death, 3 resigns, 1 late election, and 1 contested election.
Senate changes
State (class)
Vacated by
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's formal installation
[e]
Connecticut (3)
Roger Sherman (P)
Died July 23, 1793.
Stephen M. Mitchell (P)
Elected December 2, 1793
Delaware (1)
George Read (P)
Resigned on September 18, 1793.
Kensey Johns was appointed on March 19, 1794, but not permitted to qualify.
Henry Latimer (P)
Appointed February 7, 1795
Pennsylvania (1)
Albert Gallatin (A)
Credentials were contested and the seat was declared vacant February 28, 1794.
James Ross (P)
Elected April 24, 1794
Virginia (1)
James Monroe (A)
Resigned May 11, 1794, to become
United States Minister to France .
Stevens T. Mason (A)
Elected November 18, 1794
Virginia (2)
John Taylor (A)
Resigned May 11, 1794.
Henry Tazewell (A)
Elected November 18, 1794
House of Representatives
There were 2 deaths, 3 resignations, and 1 contested election.
House changes
District
Vacated by
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's formal installation
[e]
Delaware at-large
John Patten (A)
Contested election; served until February 14, 1794.
Henry Latimer (P)
Seated February 14, 1794
Territory South of the River Ohio
Vacant
Delegate seat established.
James White Non-voting delegate
Elected September 3, 1794
Maryland 2nd
John Francis Mercer (A)
Resigned April 13, 1794.
Gabriel Duvall (A)
Seated November 11, 1794
New York 10th
Silas Talbot (P)
Accepted appointment to the U.S. Navy June 5, 1794.
Vacant
Not filled in this Congress
New Jersey at-large
Abraham Clark (P)
Died September 15, 1794.
Aaron Kitchell (P)
Seated January 29, 1795
South Carolina 5th
Alexander Gillon (A)
Died October 6, 1794.
Robert Goodloe Harper (P)
Seated February 9, 1795
Maryland 3rd
Uriah Forrest (P)
Resigned November 8, 1794.
Benjamin Edwards (P)
Seated January 2, 1795
Delaware at-large
Henry Latimer (P)
Resigned February 7, 1795, having been elected U.S. Senator.
Vacant
Not filled in this Congress
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Senate
House of Representatives
Joint committees
Employees
Senate
House of Representatives
See also
Notes
References
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links