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1998 in spaceflight
A Proton-K launches Zarya, the first module of the International Space Station
Orbital launches
First7 January
Last30 December
Total82
Successes75
Failures5
Partial failures2
Catalogued77
National firsts
Satellite  Egypt
  Chile
Space traveller  Spain
Rockets
Maiden flights Athena II
Delta II 7326
Delta II 7420
Delta II 7425
Delta III
Shtil'
Retirements Atlas II
Titan IVA
Crewed flights
Orbital7
Total travellers39

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1998 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

Zarya launch

Zarya was launched on 20 November 1998 on a Russian Proton rocket from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81 in Kazakhstan to a 400 km (250 mi) high orbit with a designed lifetime of at least 15 years. After Zarya reached orbit, STS-88 launched on 4 December 1998 to attach the Unity module.

Although only designed to fly autonomously for six to eight months, Zarya was required to do so for almost two years due to delays to the Russian Service Module, Zvezda. Zvezda was finally launched on 12 July 2000, docking with Zarya on 26 July 2000.

Launches

Date and time ( UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

7 January
02:28
United States Athena II United States Spaceport Florida LC-46 United States Lockheed Martin
United States Lunar Prospector NASA Selenocentric Lunar orbiter 31 July 1999 Successful
Maiden flight of Athena II, first orbital launch from Spaceport Florida
10 January
00:32
United States Delta II 7925-9.5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-17B United States Boeing IDS
United Kingdom Skynet 4D MoD Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
16 January
03:25
United States Minuteman II United States Vandenberg LF-03 United States US Air Force
United States MSLS IFT-2 US Air Force Suborbital ABM target 16 January Successful
16 January
03:46
United States Payload Launch Vehicle Marshall Islands Meck Island United StatesUS Air Force/ Orbital Sciences
United States EKV US Air Force Suborbital ABM interceptor 16 January Successful
22 January
12:56
Israel Shavit Israel Palmachim Israel ISA
Israel Ofeq-4 Intended: Low Earth ( retrograde) Reconnaissance 22 January Launch Failure
Second stage failure
23 January
02:48
United States Space Shuttle Endeavour United States Kennedy LC-39A United States United Space Alliance
United States STS-89 NASA Low Earth ( Mir) Shuttle-Mir Program 31 January
16:57
Successful
United States SpaceHab Logistics Double Module NASA/ SpaceHab Low Earth (Endeavour) Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
25 January
08:35
Japan S-310 Japan Uchinoura Pad K Japan ISAS
Japan SEEK ISAS Suborbital Ozone/ Aeronomy research 25 January Successful
26 January
12:26
United States Nike Orion Sweden Esrange Sweden SSC
Sweden Germany MERMAID SSC/ DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 26 January Successful
29 January
16:33
Russia Soyuz-U Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 Russia Roskosmos
Russia Soyuz TM-27 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-25 25 August
05:24
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
29 January
18:37
United States Atlas IIA United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-36A United States
United States USA-137 ( SDS-3-1) NRO Molniya Communications In orbit Operational
NRO Launch 5
31 January
04:30
Japan S-520 JapanUchinoura Pad K JapanISAS
Japan XUV Doppler Telescope ISAS Suborbital Solar observation 31 January Successful
31 January
23:43
Brazil VS-30 Norway Andøya Brazil INPE
Germany AL-VS30-229 DLR Suborbital Aeronomy research 31 January Successful

February

4 February
23:29
European Union Ariane 4 44LP France Kourou ELA-2 France Arianespace
Brazil Brazilsat B3 Embratel Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
United Kingdom Inmarsat 3F5 Inmarsat Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
5 February
08:30
JapanS-520 JapanUchinoura Pad K JapanISAS
ISAS Suborbital Plasma research 5 February Successful
7 February
07:40
United Kingdom Skylark VII SwedenEsrange Pad S SwedenSSC
Sweden TEXUS 36 SSC Suborbital Microgravity research 7 February Successful
10 February United States Trident C-4 United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United States US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 February Successful
10 February United StatesTrident C-4 United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 February Successful
10 February United StatesTrident C-4 United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 February Successful
10 February United StatesTrident C-4 United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 February Successful
10 February
13:20
United States Taurus 2210 United StatesVandenberg LC-576E United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States GFO US Navy Low Earth Radar altimetry In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm G1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm G2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Celestis-02 Celestis Low Earth Space burial In orbit Successful
11 February
09:42
United StatesNike-Orion SwedenEsrange GermanyDLR
Germany Texus-5 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 11 February Successful
14 February
14:34
United StatesDelta II 7420-10C United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-17A United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Globalstar 1 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Globalstar 4 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Globalstar 2 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Globalstar 3 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Maiden flight of Delta II 7420
17 February
10:34
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 Russia
Russia Kosmos 2349 ( Yantar) Low Earth Cartography 2 April Successful
18 February
13:58
United StatesDelta II 7920-10C United StatesVandenberg SLC-2W United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Iridium 52 Iridium Low Earth Communications 5 November 2018 [1] Successful
United States Iridium 56 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 October 2018 [2] Successful
United States Iridium 54 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 May 2019 [3] Successful
United States Iridium 50 Iridium Low Earth Communications 23 September 2018 [4] Successful
United States Iridium 53 Iridium Low Earth Communications 30 September 2018 [5] Successful
19 February Russia R-29 RussiaSubmarine, Barents Sea Russia Russian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 February Successful
19 February RussiaR-29 RussiaSubmarine, Barents Sea RussiaRussian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 February Successful
20 February
00:09
Canada Black Brant VC Puerto Rico Arecibo United StatesNASA
United States Coqui Dos SAL NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 20 February Successful
20 February
00:37
CanadaBlack Brant VC Puerto RicoArecibo United StatesNASA
United States Coqui Dos NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 20 February Successful
20 February
08:23
United States Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-04 United StatesUS Air Force
United States FOT GT166GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 20 February Failure
21 February
07:55
Japan H-II Japan Tanegashima LA-Y Japan NASDA
Japan Kakehashi (COMETS) NASDA Intended: Geosynchronous
Actual: Medium Earth
Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Upper stage failure led to lower orbit than planned
25 February
03:17
CanadaBlack Brant VC Puerto RicoArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesCoqui Dos NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 25 February Successful
25 February
07:43
United States Taurus-Orion Puerto RicoArecibo United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 25 February Successful
25 February
07:50
United States Terrier-Orion Puerto RicoArecibo United StatesNASA
United States EDDY NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 25 February Successful
26 February
07:07
United States Pegasus-XL United States Stargazer, Vandenberg United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States SNOE NASA/ UC Boulder Low Earth Nitric Oxide research 13 December 2003 Successful
United States Teledesic 1 Teledesic Low Earth Communications 9 October 2000 Successful
27 February
22:38
European UnionAriane 4 42P FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
France Hot Bird 4 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
28 February
00:21
United States Atlas IIAS United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-36B Russia United States International Launch Services
United Nations Intelsat 806 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

March

3 March
22:33
United StatesNike-Orion SwedenEsrange SwedenSSC
Sweden NLTE-1 Atomic 2A SSC Suborbital Ionosphere research 3 March Successful
6 March
21:26
United StatesNike-Orion SwedenEsrange SwedenSSC
Sweden NLTE-2 Atomic 2B SSC Suborbital Ionosphere research 3 March Successful
7 March
01:33
CanadaBlack Brant VC Puerto RicoArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesCoqui Dos NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 7 March Successful
7 March United States Trident D-5 United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 March Successful
7 March United StatesTrident D-5 United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 March Successful
10 March United StatesTrident D-5 United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 March Successful
10 March United StatesTrident D-5 United StatesSubmarine, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 10 March Successful
11 March
23:39
Canada Black Brant IX Puerto RicoArecibo United StatesNASA
United States Coqui Dos LaTuR NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 11 March Successful
14 March
22:45
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
Russia Progress M-38 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 15 May Successful
Russia VDU 2 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir attitude control unit 23 March 2001
05:50
Successful
16 March
21:32
United States Atlas II United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-36A United States
United States USA-138 ( UHF F/O F8) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Final flight of baseline Atlas II
21 March Brazil VS-40 Brazil Alcântara BrazilINPE
INPE Suborbital Test sounding rocket 21 March Successful
24 March
01:46
European UnionAriane 4 40 FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
France SPOT 4 CNES Sun-synchronous Earth Imaging In orbit Operational
25 March
01:45
CanadaBlack Brant VC Puerto RicoArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesCoqui Dos NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 25 March Successful
25 March
17:01
China Long March 2C China Taiyuan LC-1 China
United States Iridium 51 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Iridium 61 Iridium Low Earth Communications 23 July 2019 [6] Successful
30 March
06:02
United StatesDelta II 7920-10C United StatesVandenberg SLC-2W United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Iridium 55 Iridium Low Earth Communications 31 March 2019 [7] Successful
United States Iridium 57 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Iridium 58 Iridium Low Earth Communications 7 April 2019 [8] Successful
United States Iridium 59 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 March 2019 [9] Successful
United States Iridium 60 Iridium Low Earth Communications 17 March 2019 [10] Successful

April

2 April
02:42
United States Pegasus-XL United States Stargazer, Vandenberg United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States TRACE NASA Low Earth Solar research In orbit Operational
6 April Pakistan Ghauri Pakistan Tilla Pakistan PAF
PAF Suborbital Missile test 6 April Successful
Maiden flight of Ghauri
6 April India RH-560/200 MK II India Sriharikota India ISRO
ISRO Suborbital Aeronomy research 6 April Successful
7 April
02:13
Russia Proton-K/ 17S40 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 Russia United StatesInternational Launch Services
United States Iridium 62 Iridium Low Earth Communications 7 November 2018 [11] Successful
United States Iridium 63 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Iridium 64 Iridium Low Earth Communications 1 April 2019 [12] Successful
United States Iridium 65 Iridium Low Earth Communications 19 July 2018 [13] Successful
United States Iridium 66 Iridium Low Earth Communications 23 August 2018 [14] Successful
United States Iridium 67 Iridium Low Earth Communications 2 July 2018 [15] Successful
United States Iridium 68 Iridium Low Earth Communications 6 June 2018 [16] Successful
15 April Ukraine R-36M2 KazakhstanBaikonur Russia RVSN
RVSN/ ISC Kosmotras Suborbital Missile test 15 April Successful
Part of Dnepr development programme
17 April
18:05
United States Strypi United States Pacific Missile Range United States Sandia
United States Red Crow BMDO Suborbital Technology development 17 April Successful
17 April
18:19
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United States STS-90 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 3 May
16:09
Successful
United States Spacelab LM-2 (Neurolab) NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Life science research
United States EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission duration extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
Final flight of Spacelab Long Module No. 2
18 April
04:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United States White Sands United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 18 April Successful
18 April
07:30
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 18 April Successful
24 April
22:38
United StatesDelta II 7420-10C United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-17A United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Globalstar 14 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Globalstar 6 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Globalstar 15 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Globalstar 8 Globalstar Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
28 April
12:10
Canada Black Brant IXB Canada SpacePort Canada Canada Akjuit Aerospace
Canada ACTIVE CSA Suborbital Ionosphere research 28 April Successful
First and only launch conducted by Akjuit Aerospace. Final launch from the SpacePort Canada (Churchill Rocket Research Range) site.
28 April
22:53
European UnionAriane 4 44P FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
Egypt Nilesat 101 Nilesat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Japan BSAT-1B BSAT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Nilesat is the first Egyptian satellite
29 April
04:36
RussiaProton-K/ DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaRVSN
Russia Kosmos 2350 ( Prognoz SPRN) RVSN Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

May

2 May
09:16
ChinaLong March 2C ChinaTaiyuan LC-1 China
United States Iridium 69 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Iridium 71 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
7 May
08:53
Russia Molniya-M Russia Plesetsk Site 16/2 Russia
Russia Kosmos 2351 ( Oko) MO RF Molniya Early Warning In orbit Operational
7 May
10:30
United States Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-05 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 7 May Successful
7 May
23:45
RussiaProton-K/ DM-2M KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 Russia United StatesInternational Launch Services
United States EchoStar 4 EchoStar Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
9 May
01:38
United States Titan IVB 401/ Centaur United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-40 United StatesLockheed Martin
United States USA-139 / Orion 4 NRO Geosynchronous SIGINT In orbit Operational
NROL-6 mission.
12 May
11:22
United States Hera United StatesWhite Sands LC-94 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM Target 12 May Successful
12 May
11:25
United States THAAD United StatesWhite Sands United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM Interceptor 12 May Failure
13 May
15:52
United States Titan 23G United StatesVandenberg SLC-4W United StatesLockheed Martin
United States NOAA-15 (NOAA-K) NOAA Sun-synchronous Weather satellite In orbit Operational
14 May
22:12
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
Russia Progress M-39 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 29 October
04:14
Successful
17 May
21:16
United StatesDelta II 7920-10C United StatesVandenberg SLC-2W United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Iridium 70 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 October 2018 [17] Successful
United States Iridium 72 Iridium Low Earth Communications 14 May 2018 [18] Successful
United States Iridium 73 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Iridium 74 Iridium Low Earth Communications 11 June 2017 [19] Successful
United States Iridium 75 Iridium Low Earth Communications 10 July 2018 [20] Successful
22 May
06:22
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesNITE NASA Suborbital Infrared astronomy 22 May Successful
30 May
10:00
China Long March 3B China Xichang LC-2 China
China Zhongwei 1 ( ChinaStar 1) COTSC Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

June

2 June
22:06
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United States STS-91 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 12 June
18:00
Successful
United StatesSpaceHab Logistics Double Module NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Discovery) Logistics
European Union AMS-01 ESA Low Earth (Discovery) Particle physics
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts, landing with seven
Final Shuttle-Mir flight and first shuttle flight with Super-lightweight Aluminium/Lithium ET
3 June
19:57
United StatesMinuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-26 United StatesUS Air Force
United States FOT GT167GB US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 3 June Successful
10 June
00:35
United StatesDelta II 7925-9.5 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-17A United StatesBoeing IDS
Norway Thor 3 Telenor Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
11 June
01:00
South Korea KSR-II South Korea Anhueng South Korea KARI
KARI Suborbital Ionosphere research
X-ray astronomy
11 June Successful
15 June
22:58
Ukraine Tsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk Site 32 Russia
Russia Kosmos 2352 ( Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth
Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Russia Kosmos 2353 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth
Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Russia Kosmos 2354 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth
Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Russia Kosmos 2355 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth
Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Russia Kosmos 2356 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth
Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Russia Kosmos 2357 (Strela-3) MO RF Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth
Communications In orbit Partial Failure
Third stage failure left satellites in lower orbit than planned
16 June
14:19
United StatesNike-Orion United States Wallops Island United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Test sounding rocket 16 June Successful
18 June
22:48
United StatesAtlas IIAS United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-36A Russia United StatesInternational Launch Services
United Nations Intelsat 805 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
24 June
08:01
United StatesMinuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-09 United StatesUS Air Force
United States GRP-IDF-1 US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 24 June Successful
24 June
12:46
United StatesMinuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-10 United StatesUS Air Force
United States FOT GT168GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 24 June Successful
24 June
18:29
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 Russia
Russia Kosmos 2358 (Yantar) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 22 October Successful
25 June
14:00
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 Russia
Russia Kosmos 2359 (Yantar) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 12 July 1999 Successful

July

1 July
00:48
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 Russia
Russia Molniya 3–49 MOM Molniya Communications 2 February 2011 Successful
3 July
18:12
Japan M-V JapanUchinoura JapanISAS
Japan Nozomi (PLANET-B) ISAS Intended: Areocentric
Actual: Heliocentric
Mars orbiter In orbit Spacecraft failure
Gravity assist produced less velocity than expected, spacecraft ran out of fuel trying to compensate
7 July
03:15
Russia Shtil' Russia Novomoskovsk (K-407), Barents Sea Russia
Germany Tubsat-N TUB Low Earth Communications 23 April 2002 Successful
Germany Tubsat-N1 TUB Low Earth Communications 21 October 2000 Successful
Russia Shtil 1 Makeev Low Earth Measure carrier rocket performance 8 May 2014 Successful
Maiden flight of Shtil' and first orbital launch from a submarine
10 July
06:30
Ukraine Zenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 Russia
Russia Resurs-O1 4 Low Earth Remote sensing In orbit Operational
Chile Fasat-Bravo FACh Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
TMSAT Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Israel Gurwin Techsat 1B Technion Low Earth Technology development In orbit Operational
WESTPAC WPLTN Low Earth Laser tracking In orbit Operational
Germany SAFIR-2 DLR Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Fasat-Bravo is the first successful Chilean satellite
18 July
09:20
China Long March 3B ChinaXichang LC-2 China
China Sinosat-1 SinoSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
22 July Iran Shahab-3 Iran Emamshahr Iran
Suborbital Missile test 22 July Failure
Maiden flight of Shahab-3
28 July
09:15
UkraineZenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 Russia
Russia Kosmos 2360 ( Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth SIGINT In orbit Operational

August

2 August
16:24
United States Pegasus-XL/ HAPS United States Stargazer, Wallops Flight Facility United States Orbital Sciences
United States Orbcomm B5 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm B6 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm B7 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm B8 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm B4 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications 22 December 2018
07:12
Successful
United States Orbcomm B3 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm B2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm B1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
The decommissioned Orbcomm B4 satellite disintegrated into 34 pieces in 2018; the cause is under investigation as of January 2019 [21]
12 August
11:30
United States Titan IVA 401/Centaur United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-41 United StatesLockheed Martin
United States Mercury-3 Intended: Geosynchronous ELINT 12 August
T+40 seconds
Launch Failure
Final flight of Titan IVA
Control lost after guidance system malfunction; Range Safety self-destruct
13 August
09:43
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
Russia Soyuz TM-28 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-26 28 February 1999
02:14
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
15 August
05:30
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States EEV CCD NASA Suborbital X-ray astronomy 15 August Successful
19 August
23:01
ChinaLong March 2C ChinaTaiyuan LC-1 China
United States Iridium 3 Iridium Low Earth Communications 8 February 2018 [22] Successful
United States Iridium 76 Iridium Low Earth Communications 28 August 2018 [23] Successful
21 August RussiaR-29 RussiaSubmarine, Barents Sea RussiaRussian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 21 August Successful
25 August
23:07
European UnionAriane 4 44P FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
Singapore Taiwan ST-1 Singapore Telecom/ Chunghwa Telecom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
27 August
01:17
United States Delta III 8930 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-17B United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Galaxy 10 PanAmSat Intended: Geosynchronous Communications 27 August
T+75 seconds
Launch Failure
Maiden flight of Delta III
Hydraulic failure in thrust vectoring system led to range safety self-destruct
30 August
00:31
RussiaProton-K/DM-2M KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 Russia United StatesInternational Launch Services
Luxembourg Astra 2A SES Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
31 August
03:07
North Korea Taepodong-1 North Korea Musudan-ri North Korea
North Korea Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 Chongon Intended: Low Earth Communications 31 August Launch Failure
First North Korean orbital launch attempt; Never achieved orbit due to a suspected third stage failure

September

8 September
21:13
United StatesDelta II 7920-10C United StatesVandenberg SLC-2W United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Iridium 82 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Iridium 81 Iridium Low Earth Communications 17 July 2018 [24] Successful
United States Iridium 80 Iridium Low Earth Communications 12 August 2018 [25] Successful
United States Iridium 79 Iridium Low Earth Communications 29 November 2000 Spacecraft Failure
United StatesIridium 77 Iridium Low Earth Communications 22 September 2017 [26] Spacecraft Failure
9 September
20:29
UkraineZenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 Russia
United States Globalstar 5 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications 9 September Launch Failure
United States Globalstar 7 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 9 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 10 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 11 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 12 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 13 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 16 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 17 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 18 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 20 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
United States Globalstar 21 Globalstar Intended: Low Earth Communications
Computer error caused premature second stage cutout
16 September
06:31
European UnionAriane 4 44LP FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United States PanAmSat 7 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
16 September
11:10
Russia Topol RussiaPlesetsk Site 158 RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 16 September Successful
18 September
08:01
United StatesMinuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-26 United StatesUS Air Force
United States GRP-IDF-2 US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 18 September Successful
18 September
15:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States SOAREX-1 NASA Suborbital Hypersonic dynamics test 18 September Successful
21 September
14:51
India RH-560/300 MK II IndiaSriharikota IndiaISRO
India Germany DEOS F06 ISRO/DLR Suborbital Ionosphere research 21 September Successful
23 September
05:06
United StatesPegasus-XL/HAPS United States Stargazer, Wallops Island United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States Orbcomm C1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm C2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm C3 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm C4 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm C5 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm C6 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm C7 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
United States Orbcomm C8 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
24 September
12:50
United States Storm-2 United StatesWhite Sands LC-32 United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States MTTV US Air Force Suborbital Target 24 September Successful
United States MTD-3 US Air Force Suborbital Weapons test 24 September Successful
28 September
15:11
IndiaRH-560/300 MK II IndiaSriharikota IndiaISRO
India Germany DEOS F07 ISRO/DLR Suborbital Ionosphere research 28 September Successful
28 September
23:41
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 Russia
Russia Molniya-1T MOM Molniya Communications In orbit Operational

October

3 October
10:04
United StatesTaurus 1110 United StatesVandenberg LC-576E United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States STEX NRO Low Earth Technology research In orbit Partial satellite failure
United States USA-141 ( ATeX) NRO Low Earth Technology research In orbit Satellite failure
ATeX failed to deploy fully and was jettisoned from STEX on 16 January 1999 to protect the main spacecraft
5 October
22:51
European UnionAriane 4 44L FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
France Eutelsat W2 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Sweden Sirius 3 NSAB Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
7 October
12:00
Russia UR-100NU KazakhstanBaikonur RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 7 October Successful
9 October
22:50
United StatesAtlas IIA United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-36B Russia United StatesInternational Launch Services
France Hot Bird 5 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
20 October
07:19
United StatesAtlas IIA United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-36A United States
United States USA-140 ( UHF F/O F9) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
21 October
16:37
European Union Ariane 5G FranceKourou ELA-3 FranceArianespace
European Union Maqsat 3 ESA Geosynchronous transfer Monitor rocket performance In orbit Successful
European Union ARD ESA Suborbital Spacecraft recovery demonstration 21 October Successful
ARD recovered in Pacific Ocean by French Navy
22 October
12:53
RussiaTopol RussiaPlesetsk Site 158 RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 22 October Failure
Self-destruct activated after rocket went off course
23 October
00:02
United States Pegasus-H United StatesStargazer, Cape Canaveral United StatesOrbital Sciences
Brazil SCD-2 INPE Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
24 October
21:13
United StatesDelta II 7326-9.5 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-17A United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Deep Space 1 NASA Heliocentric Asteroid/ Comet probe In orbit Successful
United States SEDSAT-1 Alabama Low Earth Amateur radio In orbit Operational
Maiden flight of Delta II 7326
Deep Space 1 performed flybys of 1992 KD and 19P/Borrelly
25 October
04:14
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
Russia Progress M-40 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 5 February 1999
11:10
Successful
France United States Russia Sputnik-41 ACF/ AMSAT/ RuAF Low Earth Amateur radio 11 January 1999 Successful
Sputnik-41 deployed from Mir during an EVA on 10 November
28 October
22:15
European UnionAriane 4 44L FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United States AfriStar 1worldspace Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
United States GE 5 GE Americom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
29 October
19:19
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United States STS-95 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 7 November
17:03
Successful
United States SpaceHab Single Module NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Discovery) Scientific research
United States SPARTAN-201 NASA Low Earth Solar observation
United States PANSAT (PO-34) US Navy Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Spanish space traveller ( Pedro Duque) and the oldest person to fly in space ( John Glenn)
PANSAT deployed on 30 October; SPARTAN deployed on 1 November and retrieved on 3 November

November

2 November
18:20
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States SOPHIE ( NCAR/CU-7) NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet solar observation 2 November Successful
4 November
05:12
RussiaProton-K/DM-2M KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 Russia United StatesInternational Launch services
United States PanAmSat 8 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
6 November
01:32
United States AIT-1 United States Kodiak Island United StatesOrbital Sciences
US Air Force Suborbital Rocket test 6 November Successful
First launch from Kodiak Island
6 November
13:37
United StatesDelta II 7920-10C United StatesVandenberg SLC-2W United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Iridium 2 Iridium Low Earth Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure
United States Iridium 86 Iridium Low Earth Communications 5 October 2018 [27] Successful
United States Iridium 85 Iridium Low Earth Communications 30 December 2000 Spacecraft failure
United States Iridium 84 Iridium Low Earth Communications 4 November 2018 [28] Successful
United States Iridium 83 Iridium Low Earth Communications 5 November 2018 [29] Successful
18 November
15:40
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Microgravity research 18 November Successful
18 November
23:00
Japan TR-1 JapanTanegashima LA-T JapanNASDA
NASDA Suborbital Microgravity research 18 November Successful
20 November United States Aries United StatesPacific Missile Range United StatesUS Air Force
United States TTV-1 US Air Force Suborbital Target vehicle 20 November Successful
20 November
05:12
RussiaProton-K KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaRoskosmos
United Nations Zarya NASA/Roskosmos Low Earth ( ISS) ISS module In orbit Operational
First launch of the International Space Station programme
22 November
23:54
United StatesDelta II 7925-9.5 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-17B United StatesBoeing IDS
Norway BONUM-1 Telenor Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
24 November
09:53
European Union Maxus SwedenEsrange SwedenSSC
ESA Suborbital Scientific research 24 November Successful

December

3 December
11:04
United StatesNike-Orion SwedenEsrange GermanyDLR
Germany Mini-Texus 6 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 3 December Successful
4 December
08:35
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United States STS-88 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 16 December
04:53
Successful
United Nations Unity (Node 1) NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS module In orbit Operational
United Nations PMA-1 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS component In orbit Operational
United Nations PMA-2 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS component In orbit Operational
Argentina SAC-A CONAE Low Earth Technology demonstration 25 October 1999 Successful
United States MightySat 1 US Air Force Low Earth Technology demonstration 21 November 1999 Successful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
First crewed flight to the International Space Station
SAC-A deployed on 14 December and MightySat on 15 December
6 December
00:43
European UnionAriane 4 42L FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
Mexico Satmex 5 Satmex Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
6 December
00:57
United StatesPegasus-XL United StatesStargazer, Vandenberg United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States SWAS NASA Low Earth Astronomy In orbit Operational
8 December
11:25
RussiaTopol RussiaPlesetsk Site 158 RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 8 December Successful
9 December
10:20
Russia RT-23 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Test flight 9 December Successful
10 December RussiaUR-100NU KazakhstanBaikonur RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 10 December Successful
10 December
11:57
Russia Kosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 Russia
Russia Nadezhda 5 MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Sweden Astrid-2 SSC Low Earth Aurora research In orbit Operational
11 December
18:45
United StatesDelta II 7425-9.5 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-17A United StatesBoeing IDS
United States Mars Climate Orbiter NASA Intended: Areocentric
Actual: Heliocentric
Mars orbiter 23 September 1999 Spacecraft failure
Maiden flight of Delta II 7425
MCO crashed into Mars during orbital inserition due to error in unit conversions between Metric and Imperial
15 December Taiwan Sounding Rocket I Taiwan Jiu Peng Air Base Taiwan NSPO
NSPO Suborbital Ionospheric research 15 December Successful
Apogee: ~280 km (174 mi)
19 December
11:39
ChinaLong March 2C ChinaTaiyuan LC-1 China
United States Iridium 20 Iridium Low Earth Communications 22 October 2018 [30] Successful
United States Iridium 11 Iridium Low Earth Communications 22 October 2018 [31] Successful
22 December
01:08
European UnionAriane 4 42L FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United States PAS-6B PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
24 December
20:02
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 Russia
Russia Kosmos 2361 ( Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
30 December
18:35
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 Russia
Russia Kosmos 2362 ( GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Russia Kosmos 2363 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Russia Kosmos 2364 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational

Deep-space rendezvous

Date ( GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
11 January Lunar Prospector Selenocentric orbit injection
23 January NEAR Flyby of the Earth Closest approach: 540 kilometres (340 mi)
10 February Galileo 5th flyby of Europa
29 March Galileo 6th flyby of Europa
26 April Cassini 1st flyby of Venus Gravity assist
13 May AsiaSat 3/HGS 1 comsat 1st flyby of the Moon First use of moon's gravity for a recovery mission; Closest approach: 6,200 kilometres (3,900 mi)
31 May Galileo 7th flyby of Europa
1 June AsiaSat 3/HGS 1 2nd flyby of the Moon Closest approach: 34,300 kilometres (21,300 mi)
21 July Galileo 8th flyby of Europa
26 September Galileo 9th flyby of Europa
22 November Galileo 10th flyby of Europa
20 December Nozomi 1st flyby of the Earth
23 December NEAR Flyby of 433 Eros Closest approach: 3,827 kilometres (2,378 mi)

EVAs

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Function Remarks
8 January
23:08
3 hours
6 minutes
9 January
02:14
Mir EO-24 Russia Anatoly Solovyev
Russia Pavel Vinogradov
Repaired the damaged airlock sealing system, used the Strela boom to move across Mir and recover an American optical monitoring experiment. Checked the integrity of cable connects to several antennas. [32]
14 January
21:12
3 hours
52 minutes
15 January
01:04
Mir EO-24 RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
United States David Wolf
Continued to make more repairs to the airlock hatch on Kvant-2 and used a handheld photo-reflectometer to inspect the exterior surface of the station. [33]
1 April
13:35
6 hours
40 minutes
20:15 Mir EO-25 Russia Talgat Musabayev
Russia Nikolai Budarin
Installed a set of handrails and one of two-foot restraints on the outside of the Spektr module in preparation for the repair of the damaged solar array. [34]
6 April
13:35
4 hours
15 minutes
17:50 Mir EO-25 RussiaTalgat Musabayev
RussiaNikolai Budarin
Begin repair of the damaged Spektr solar panel. After installing a splint on the frayed panel, the spacewalkers had to quickly return to the airlock to handle a problem with station attitude control. [35]
11 April
09:55
6 Hours
25 minutes
16:20 Mir EO-25 RussiaTalgat Musabayev
RussiaNikolai Budarin
Jettisoned the external thruster engine (VDU) that had been located at the top of the Sofora boom and recover an experiment from the Rapana structure. [36] Dismantling of the Rapana structure was not completed. [37]
17 April
07:40
6 Hours
33 minutes
14:13 Mir EO-25 RussiaTalgat Musabayev
RussiaNikolai Budarin
Removed two structures and secured them to exterior surfaces and repositioned the new thrust engine (VDU) for future use. [37]
22 April
05:34
6 Hours
21 minutes
11:55 Mir EO-25 RussiaTalgat Musabayev
RussiaNikolai Budarin
Completed installation of the new VDU thruster unit on top of the Sofora boom. [38]
15 September
20:00
30 minutes 20:30 Mir EO-26 Russia Gennady Padalka
Russia Sergei Avdeyev
Internal spacewalk in the depressurised Spektr module to connect electrical and control cables to the solar array servo motor. [39]
10 November
19:24
5 hours
54 minutes
11 November
01:18
Mir EO-26 RussiaGennady Padalka
RussiaSergei Avdeyev
Deployed Sputnik-41, deployed a French "meteorite trap" intended to catch some dust from the upcoming Leonids meteor shower. [40]
7 December
22:10
7 hours
21 minutes
8 December
05:31
STS-88
ISS Endeavour
United States Jerry L. Ross
United States James H. Newman
Connected computer and electrical cables between the Unity node, the two mating adapters attached to either end of Unity, and the Zarya Functional Cargo Block (FGB). [41] First ISS assembly EVA
9 December
20:33
7 hours
2 minutes
10 December
03:35
STS-88
ISS Endeavour
United StatesJerry L. Ross
United StatesJames H. Newman
Installed two box-like antennas on the outside of the Unity module that are part of the S-band early communications system. [42]
12 December
20:33
6 hours
59 minutes
13 December
03:32
STS-88
ISS Endeavour
United StatesJerry L. Ross
United StatesJames H. Newman
Checked on an insulation cover on a cable connection on the lower Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA-2) to make sure it was fully installed, attached EVA tools on the side of Unity's upper mating adapter (PMA-1) in preparation for future EVAs, and inspected Orbiter Space Vision System targets on Unity. [43]

References

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  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
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  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
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Footnotes

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