The 1978 United States Senate election in Arkansas took place on November 7, 1978. Incumbent U.S. Senator
John L. McClellan had died the previous December, leaving the seat vacant. Interim appointee
Kaneaster Hodges Jr. did not run to the full seat, and was succeeded by Governor of Arkansas
David Pryor.
Pryor won a highly-competitive three-way primary against U.S. Representatives
Jim Guy Tucker and
Ray Thornton, then defeated Tucker in a run-off election. Having secured the Democratic nomination, which was often tantamount to election in the American South prior to the 1980s, Pryor easily defeated Republican nominee Thomas Kelly and independent candidate John Black.