From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calendar year
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1872 .
1872 (
MDCCCLXXII ) was a
leap year starting on Monday of the
Gregorian calendar and a
leap year starting on Saturday of the
Julian calendar , the 1872nd year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 872nd year of the
2nd millennium , the 72nd year of the
19th century , and the 3rd year of the
1870s decade. As of the start of 1872, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
January–March
January 12 –
Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of
Ethiopia in
Axum , the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years.
January 20 – The
Cavite mutiny was an uprising of Filipino military personnel of Fort San Felipe, the Spanish arsenal in Cavite, Philippine Islands.
February 2 – The government of the United Kingdom buys a number of forts on the
Gold Coast , from the Netherlands.
[1]
February 4 – A great
solar flare , and associated
geomagnetic storm , makes northern lights visible as far south as Cuba.
[2]
[1]
February 13 –
Rex , the most famous parade on
Mardi Gras , parades for the first time in
New Orleans for
Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia .
February 17 –
Filipino priests
José Burgos ,
Mariano Gomez and
Jacinto Zamora , collectively known as
Gomburza , are executed in Bagumbayan Fields, Manila,
Philippines by the authorities of
New Spain , on charges of
subversion arising from the
1872 Cavite mutiny .
February 20 – The
Metropolitan Museum of Art opens in New York City.
March 1 – In the United States,
Yellowstone National Park (once dubbed "Colter's Hell" after
John Colter , of the
Lewis and Clark Expedition ) is established as the world's first
national park .
March 5
March 9 – Alfred B. Miller and Elmer Crockett found the
South Bend Tribune newspaper in the United States.
March 11 – Work begins on the
Seven Sisters Colliery in
South Wales , located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.
March 16 –
1872 FA Cup Final : In the first ever final of the
FA Cup , the world's oldest
football competition,
Wanderers F.C. defeat
Royal Engineers A.F.C. 1–0 at
The Oval in
Kennington , London.
[3]
March 26 – The 7.4–7.9 Mw
Lone Pine earthquake shakes
eastern California , with a maximum
Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme ); 27 people are killed and 56 injured.
April–June
April
Japan introduces their first modern paper currency (designed by Italian engraver
Edoardo Chiossone ) in the form of
Meiji Tsuho notes. These are initially worth up to
1 yen before higher denominations are printed/released in June and August.
April 21 – The
Third Carlist War begins in northern Spain. Don
Carlos, Duke of Madrid (the Carlist pretender Carlos VII) appoints General Rada commander-in-chief in Spain, and calls for a general rising.
May
May 4 –
Third Carlist War in Spain –
Battle of Oroquieta in
Navarre : 1,000 government troops easily defeat the much larger number of Carlists at Oroquieta. 50 Carlists are killed, and 700 Carlists were taken prisoners, but Don Carlos escapes.
May 10 –
Victoria Woodhull becomes the first woman nominated for
President of the United States , although she is a year too young to qualify and does not appear on the ballot.
May 14 – The
Battle of Mañaria , near
Bilbao , Spain during the
Third Carlist War (1872–1876)
May 15 – The
New Zealand Wars end after 17 years, with the conclusion of
Te Kooti's War ; Maori spiritual leader
Te Kooti Arikirangi Te Turuk crosses the Waikato River, and enters the territory of the Māori King
Tāwhiao , where he is granted asylum.
May 22
June 14 –
Trade unions are legalised in Canada.
[5]
June 15 –
Thomas Hardy anonymously publishes his novel
Under the Greenwood Tree in England.
July–September
Daguerreotype of Benito Juárez as president of Mexico.
October–December
October 1
The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College begins its first academic session (the university is later renamed
Virginia Tech ).
The first case is reported in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, of the Great Epizootic of 1872 (
equine influenza , or the "horse flu") which will substantially disrupt life in North America by mid-December.
October 16 – University College Wales (later to become
Aberystwyth University ) begins its first academic session.
[10]
November 5
November 7 – The
Mary Celeste sets sail from New York; bound for Genoa, Italy.
November 9 –
Great Boston Fire of 1872 : In
Boston ,
Massachusetts , a large fire begins to burn on Lincoln Street (the 2-day disaster destroys about 65 acres (0.26 km2 ) of the city, 776 buildings, much of the financial district and causes US$60 million in damage).
November 11 – U.S. government geologist
Clarence King reveals the
diamond hoax in
Wyoming .
November 12 –
13 (night) – The
1872 Baltic Sea flood ravages the Baltic Sea coast from Denmark to Pomerania, also affecting Sweden.
November 13 (07:35) (probable date) –
Claude Monet begins painting
Impression, Sunrise (Impression, soleil levant , the painting that will give a name to
Impressionism ) as viewed from his hotel room at
Le Havre in France.
[11]
November 16 – The first ever
Metropolitan Police strike in London.
November 22 – "Spitzeder Swindle":
Adele Spitzeder 's pioneering
Ponzi scheme in
Munich collapses.
November 27 – A
meteor shower display of
Andromedids is seen over France.
November 29
November 30 – The first international
Association football match to be recognised (retrospectively) by FIFA as "official" takes place at
Hamilton Crescent , Scotland; the result is Scotland 0-0 England.
[12]
Earlier international football matches have already taken place in 1870,
in 1871 and
again in 1872 at
the Oval , London.
December 1
December 3 – Assyriologist
George Smith presents the first translation of the
Epic of Gilgamesh , to a meeting of the
Society of Biblical Archaeology in London.
December 4 – The now-crewless American ship
Mary Celeste is found (still seaworthy) by the British brig Dei Gratia in the Atlantic.
December 6 –
Springwell Pit disaster at
Dawley , England: Eight coal miners fall to their death when a winding chain snaps.
December 14
December 21 –
Challenger expedition :
HMS Challenger (1858) sails from
Portsmouth , England, on the 4-year scientific expedition that lays the foundation for the science of
oceanography .
Date unknown
In the aftermath of the
Paraguayan War , the new government of
Paraguay makes peace with
Brazil , granting reparations and territorial concessions.
The Kolozsvári Egyetem , predecessor of the
University of Szeged , is founded.
Under Japan's
Meiji Restoration :
A conscription law, modeled on the French version, is issued.
Universal
public schools are called for.
The first
Marist Brothers travel to Australia.
S. T. Dupont begins the manufacture of luxury leather goods in France.
Kimberly, Clark and Co. is founded in
Neenah, Wisconsin , by
John A. Kimberly ,
Charles B. Clark ,
Havilah Babcock and
Franklyn C. Shattuck .
Essendon Football Club is founded in
Melbourne, Australia .
Births
January–March
January 6 –
Alexander Scriabin , Russian composer (d.
1915 )
January 14 –
Kerstin Hesselgren , Swedish politician (d.
1962 )
January 20 –
Julia Morgan , American architect (d.
1957 )
January 23 –
Gotse Delchev ,
Bulgarian revolutionary (d.
1903 )
January 31 –
Zane Grey , American writer (d.
1939 )
February 6 –
Robert Maillart , Swiss civil engineer (d.
1940 )
February 11 –
Hannah Mitchell , English socialist, suffragette (d.
1956 )
February 19 –
Johan Pitka , Estonian entrepreneur, sea captain, and admiral (d.
1944 )
February 27 –
Alexandru Vaida-Voevod , 3-time prime minister of Romania (d.
1950 )
February 28 –
Mehdi Frashëri , Albanian politician, 15th
Prime Minister of Albania (d.
1963 )
March 3 –
Willie Keeler , American baseball player (d.
1923 )
March 7 –
Piet Mondrian , Dutch painter (d.
1944 )
March 19 –
Anna Held , Polish-born French actress (d.
1918 )
March 23 –
Michael Joseph Savage , 23rd
Prime Minister of New Zealand (d.
1940 )
March 28 –
José Sanjurjo , Spanish general (d.
1936 )
April–June
Bertrand Russell
Ladislas Lazaro
Paul Laurence Dunbar
April 9 –
Léon Blum , French politician,
Prime Minister of France (d.
1950 )
April 14 –
Abdullah Yusuf Ali , Indian-born Islamic scholar, translator (d.
1953 )
April 29 –
Harry Payne Whitney , American businessman, horse breeder (d.
1930 )
May 1 –
Sidónio Pais , 4th President, 66th Prime Minister of Portugal (d.
1918 )
May 2 –
Ichiyō Higuchi , Japanese author (d.
1896 )
May 6 –
William Bowie , American geodetic engineer (d.
1940 )
May 12 –
Anton Korošec , Slovenian political leader (d.
1940 )
May 18 –
Bertrand Russell , British philosopher and mathematician, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Literature (d.
1970 )
May 22 –
Kim Gap-sun , bureaucrat and modern Korean businessman, politician, and realtor(d.
1961 )
[16]
May 31
June 3 –
Saburō Hyakutake , Japanese admiral (d.
1963 )
June 5 –
Ladislas Lazaro ,
U.S. Representatives from
Louisiana (d.
1927 )
June 6 –
Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse) (d.
1918 )
June 8 –
Jan Frans De Boever , Belgian painter (d.
1949 )
June 22 –
Charles Murray , American actor (d.
1941 )
June 27 –
Paul Laurence Dunbar , American poet, publisher (d.
1906 )
July–September
Calvin Coolidge
Roald Amundsen
Aubrey Beardsley
Louisa Martindale
Maude Adams
July 1 –
Louis Blériot , French aviation pioneer (d.
1936 )
July 4 –
Calvin Coolidge , 30th
President of the United States (d.
1933 )
July 5 –
Édouard Herriot , 3-time prime minister of France (d.
1957 )
July 12 –
Emil Hácha , 3rd President of Czechoslovakia (d.
1945 )
July 16 –
Roald Amundsen , Norwegian polar explorer (d.
1928 )
[17]
July 23 –
Edward Adrian Wilson , English polar explorer (d.
1912 )
July 28 –
Albert Sarraut , 2-time prime minister of France (d.
1962 )
August 3 – King
Haakon VII of Norway (d.
1957 )
August 9 –
Archduke Joseph August of Austria , Austrian field marshal (d.
1962 )
August 10 –
William Manuel Johnson , American jazz double-bassist (d.
1972 )
August 13 –
Richard Willstätter , German chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1942 )
August 15 –
Sri Aurobindo , Indian nationalist, writer and mystic (d.
1950 )
August 21 –
Aubrey Beardsley , English illustrator (d.
1898 )
[18]
August 26 –
Joseph Taylor Robinson , American politician (d.
1937 )
September 13 –
Kijūrō Shidehara , 31st Prime Minister of Japan (d.
1951 )
September 20 –
Maurice Gamelin , French general (d.
1958 )
September 21 –
Henry Tingle Wilde , British mariner, Chief Officer
RMS Titanic (d.
1912 )
September 28 –
David Unaipon , Aboriginal Australian preacher, author and inventor (d.
1967 )
October–December
October 4 –
Roger Keyes, 1st Baron Keyes , British admiral (d.
1945 )
October 6 –
Carl Gustaf Ekman , 2-time prime minister of Sweden (d.
1945 )
October 11 –
Harlan F. Stone ,
Chief Justice of the United States (d.
1946 )
October 12 –
Ralph Vaughan Williams , English composer (d.
1958 )
October 15
October 27 –
Emily Post , American etiquette expert (d.
1960 )
October 30 –
Louisa Martindale , British physician, writer, magistrate and prison commissioner (d.
1966 )
November 1 –
Louis Dewis , Belgian
Post-Impressionist painter (d.
1946 )
November 4 –
Barbu Știrbey , 30th Prime Minister of Romania (d.
1946 )
November 11 –
Maude Adams , American stage actress (d.
1953 )
November 30 –
John McCrae , Canadian soldier, surgeon and poet (d.
1918 )
December 3 –
William Haselden , Spanish-born English cartoonist (d.
1953 )
December 7 –
Johan Huizinga , Dutch cultural historian (d.
1945 )
December 8 –
Mace Greenleaf , American actor (d.
1912 )
December 11 –
René Bull , British illustrator, photographer (d.
1942 )
December 14 –
John Smith Archibald , Canadian architect (d.
1934 )
December 16 –
Anton Ivanovich Denikin , Imperial Russian Lieutenant General (d.
1947 )
December 21 –
Lorenzo Perosi , Italian composer (d.
1956 )
December 26 –
Norman Angell , English politician, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (d.
1967 )
Deaths
January–June
Hugo von Mohl
Samuel Morse
January 7 –
Big Jim Fisk , American financier (b.
1835 )
January 9 –
Henry Halleck , American general (b.
1815 )
January 13 –
William Scamp , English architect and engineer (b.
1801 )
[19]
January 21 –
Franz Grillparzer , Austrian writer (b.
1791 )
February 4 –
John L. Burns , American veteran of the
War of 1812 , civilian combatant for the
Union Army during the
American Civil War . (b.
1793 )
March or April –
Mercator Cooper , American sea captain (b.
1803 )
March 8 –
Priscilla Susan Bury , British botanist (b.
1799 )
March 11 –
Emily Taylor , English schoolmistress (b.
1795 )
March 12 –
Zeng Guofan (traditional Chinese: 曾國藩 ), Chinese official, military general and Confucian scholar (b.
1811 )
March 15 –
Jonathan Letterman , American surgeon, "father" of battlefield medicine. (b.
1824 )
March 20 –
William Wentworth , Australian explorer (b.
1790 )
April 1
April 2 –
Samuel Morse , American inventor (b.
1791 )
April 16 –
Adolf von Bonin , Prussian general (b.
1803 )
June 4
June 20 –
Élie Frédéric Forey , Marshal of France (b.
1804 )
July–December
Ludwig Feuerbach
Lady Beaconsfield
Aleksis Kivi
July 15 –
Mary Eliza Herbert , Canadian publisher and writer (b.
1829 )
July 18 –
Benito Juárez , President of Mexico (1858-1872), of a heart attack (b.
1806 )
[20]
September 1 –
Robert Gray , first
Bishop of Cape Town (b.
1809 )
September 10 –
Avram Iancu , Romanian Transylvanian insurgent (b.
1824 )
September 13 –
Ludwig Feuerbach , German philosopher (b.
1804 )
September 18 –
Charles XV , King of Sweden and Norway (b.
1826 )
September 18 –
Ana María Martínez de Nisser , Colombian heroine, writer (b.
1812 )
October 4 –
Vladimir Dal , Russian lexicographer (b.
1801 )
October 10 –
William H. Seward ,
24th
United States Secretary of State (b.
1801 )
October 23 –
Théophile Gautier , French writer (b.
1811 )
October 25 –
William F. Johnston , American politician (b.
1808 )
November 6 –
George Meade , American Civil War general (b.
1815 )
November 23 –
Sir John Bowring , British colonial administrator, 4th
Governor of Hong Kong (b.
1792 )
November 28 –
Mary Somerville , British mathematician (b.
1780 )
November 29 –
Horace Greeley , American newspaper editor, Democratic presidential candidate (b.
1811 )
December 15 –
Lady Beaconsfield , wife of
Benjamin Disraeli (b.
1792 )
December 31 –
Aleksis Kivi , Finnish national author (b.
1834 )
[21]
References
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ISBN
0-7126-5616-2 .
^
"Cuba. Miscellaneous Gossip" (PDF) . The New York Times . February 11, 1872.
^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.
ISBN
0-14-102715-0 .
^
"History | Nippon Express" . www.nipponexpress.com . Retrieved July 16, 2023 .
^
"Origins of Labour Day" .
The Canadian Encyclopedia .
Archived from the original on October 28, 2014. Retrieved June 6, 2014 .
^
Archontology.org: A Guide for Study of Historical Offices, South African Republic (Transvaal): Heads of State: 1857-1877 (Accessed on 14 April 2017)
^
Japanese Colleges and Universities . Maruzen Company. 1989. p. 173.
ISBN
978-4-621-03357-9 .
^
a
b Montoya, Leydy (October 29, 2018).
"Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada" . Historia-Biografia.com (in Spanish). Retrieved June 8, 2019 .
^ Durán, Victor Manuel (July–August 2008).
"Cultural Connections in Belize" . Americas . 60 (4): 50. Retrieved February 27, 2019 .
^
"Aberystwyth University - Early Days" . www.aber.ac.uk . Archived from
the original on July 20, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2016 .
^ Olson, Donald W. (2014). "Dating Impression, Sunrise". Monet's Impression, Sunrise: the biography of a painting . Paris: Éditions Hazan; Musée Marmottan Monet. pp. 80–105.
ISBN
978-0-300-21088-0 .
^
"18721130 Sat 30 Nov 1872 Scotland 0 England 0" . www.londonhearts.com .
^ tinashe (November 25, 2011).
"The first Cape cabinet is formed, with John Molteno as premier" .
^ Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways . Vol. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, England:
David & Charles .
ISBN
978-0-7153-5382-0 .
^ Report for year ending 31 December 1909 , Cape Government Railways, Section VIII - Dates of Opening and the Length of the different Sections in the Cape Colony, from the Year 1873 to 31st December, 1909.
^
Kim Gap-sun
Archived 2013-06-27 at
archive.today (in Korean)
^
"Roald Amundsen | Biography, Facts, Expeditions, South Pole, Northwest Passage, & Death" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved November 5, 2021 .
^ Crawford, Alan (September 23, 2004). "Beardsley, Aubrey Vincent (1872–1898), illustrator". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography .
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press.
doi :
10.1093/ref:odnb/1821 . (Subscription or
UK public library membership required.)
^ Hughes, Quentin; Thake, Conrad (2005).
Malta, War & Peace: An Architectural Chronicle 1800–2000 . Midsea Books Ltd. p. 250.
ISBN
9789993270553 .
^
"President Benito Juárez" . PBS.org. Retrieved May 30, 2019 .
^
Aleksis Kivi at the
Encyclopædia Britannica
Sources