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Calendar year
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1840 .
January 13 : Steamship Lexington sinks.
1840 (
MDCCCXL ) was a
leap year starting on Wednesday of the
Gregorian calendar and a
leap year starting on Monday of the
Julian calendar , the 1840th year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 840th year of the
2nd millennium , the 40th year of the
19th century , and the 1st year of the
1840s decade. As of the start of 1840, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
January–March
January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the
Herald Sun of
Melbourne , Australia, The Port Phillip Herald , is founded.
January 10 –
Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom.
January 13 – The steamship
Lexington burns and sinks in icy waters, four miles off the coast of
Long Island ; 139 die, only four survive.
January 19 – Captain
Charles Wilkes '
United States Exploring Expedition sights what becomes known as
Wilkes Land in the southeast quadrant of Antarctica, claiming it for the United States, and providing evidence that Antarctica is a complete continent.
[1]
January 21 –
Jules Dumont d'Urville discovers
Adélie Land in Antarctica, claiming it for
France .
[2]
January 22 –
British colonists reach
New Zealand , officially founding the settlement of
Wellington .
February – The
Rhodes blood libel is made against the Jews of
Rhodes .
February 5 –
Damascus Affair : The murder of a Capuchin friar and his Greek servant leads to a highly publicized case of
blood libel , against the Jews of
Damascus .
February 6 – The
Treaty of Waitangi , granting British sovereignty in New Zealand, is signed.
February 10 –
Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom marries her cousin
Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha .
February 11 –
Gaetano Donizetti 's opera
La fille du régiment premieres in Paris.
March 1 –
Adolphe Thiers becomes prime minister of
France .
March 4 –
Alexander S. Wolcott and
John Johnson open their Daguerreian Parlor on
Broadway (Manhattan) , the world's first commercial photography portrait studio.
March 9 – The
Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is completed, from
Wilmington, North Carolina to
Weldon, North Carolina . At 161.5 miles (259.9 km), it is the world's longest railroad.
[3]
March 12 –
Paweł Strzelecki reaches
Australia 's highest summit,
Mount Kosciuszko .
April–June
July–September
July 4 :
RMS Britannia
July 4 – The
Cunard Line 's 700-
ton wooden paddlewheel steamer
RMS Britannia departs from
Liverpool , bound for
Halifax, Nova Scotia , on the first steam transatlantic passenger mail service.
[5]
July 15 – The
Austrian Empire , the
United Kingdom , the
Kingdom of Prussia , and the
Russian Empire sign the
Convention of London with the
Sublime Porte , ruler of the
Ottoman Empire .
July 21 –
August Borsig 's
steam locomotive , the first built in
Germany , competes against a
Stephenson -built locomotive on the
Berlin–Jüterbog railroad ; the Borsig locomotive wins by 10 minutes.
July 23
August 1 – The
Slavery Abolition Act ends the slave trade in the
United Kingdom .
August 10 –
Fortsas hoax : A number of book collectors gather in
Binche , Belgium, to attend a non-existent book auction of the late Count of Fortsas .
September 10 – Ottoman and British troops bombard
Beirut , and land troops on the coast, to pressure
Egyptian Muhammad Ali to retreat from the country.
September 16 –
Joseph Strutt hands over the deeds and papers concerning the
Derby Arboretum , which is to become England's first public park.
September 30 – The frigate
Belle-Poule arrives in Cherbourg, bringing back the remains of
Napoleon from
Saint Helena to
France .
October–December
The frigate Belle-Poule brings back the remains of Napoleon to France.
Date unknown
Ongoing
Births
January–June
Ernst Abbe
John Boyd Dunlop
Émile Zola
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Empress
Carlota of Mexico
January 1 –
Dugald Drummond , Scottish-born railway locomotive designer (d.
1912 )
January 3 –
Father Damien , Belgian missionary priest (d.
1889 )
January 9 –
Samuel Baldwin Marks Young , American general, first
Chief of Staff of the United States Army (d.
1924 )
January 18 –
Alfred Percy Sinnett ,
English writer and theosophist (d.
1921 )
January 21 –
Sophia Jex-Blake , English
physician (d. 1912)
January 22 –
Ernest Wilberforce , English bishop (d.
1907 )
January 23 –
Ernst Abbe , German physicist (d.
1905 )
February 5
February 9 –
William T. Sampson , American admiral (d.
1902 )
February 15 –
Titu Maiorescu , 23rd Prime Minister of Romania (d.
1917 )
February 21 –
Murad V , 33rd
Ottoman Sultan (d.
1904 )
February 22 –
August Bebel , German politician (d.
1913 )
February 23 –
Carl Menger , Austrian economist (d.
1921 )
February 29 –
John Philip Holland , Irish inventor of the submarine (d.
1914 )
March 8 –
Eduard von Knorr , German admiral (d.
1920 )
March 28 –
Emin Pasha , German doctor, African administrator (d.
1892 )
March 31 –
Sir Benjamin Baker , English civil engineer (d.
1907 )
April 2 –
Émile Zola , French writer (d.
1902 )
April 11 –
Robert Wentworth Little , British occultist (d.
1878 )
April 22 –
Odilon Redon , French painter (d.
1916 )
April 27 –
Edward Whymper , English mountaineer (d.
1911 )
May 7 –
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky , Russian composer (d.
1893 )
May 10 –
Eliza Trask Hill , American activist, journalist, philanthropist (d.
1908 )
May 13 –
Alphonse Daudet , French writer (d.
1897 )
June 2
June 7 –
Carlota of Mexico , Empress of Mexico (d.
1927 )
June 9 –
Jennie Casseday , American philanthropist (d.
1893 )
June 10 –
Theodor Philipsen , Danish painter (d.
1920 )
June 13 –
Augusta Lundin , Swedish fashion designer (d.
1919 )
June 21 –
Edward Stanley Gibbons , English
philatelist , founder of
Stanley Gibbons Ltd. (d.
1913 )
July–December
Mary Jane Patterson
Auguste Rodin
Claude Monet
July 1 –
Edward Clodd , English banker, writer and anthropologist (d.
1930 )
July 6 –
Peter Conover Hains , major general in the
United States Army , and veteran of the
American Civil War ,
Spanish–American War , and
First World War (d.
1921 )
August 4 –
Richard von Krafft-Ebing , German sexologist (d.
1902 )
September 12 –
Mary Jane Patterson , the first African-American woman to receive a B.A degree in 1862. (d.
1894 )
September 22 –
D. M. Canright , American Seventh-day Adventist minister and author, later one of the church's severest critics (d.
1919 )
September 27
October 9 –
Simeon Solomon , British artist (d.
1905 )
October 12 –
Helena Modjeska , Polish stage actress (d.
1909 )
October 16 –
Kuroda Kiyotaka , 2nd
Prime Minister of Japan (d.
1900 )
November 7 –
H. G. Haugan , Norwegian-born American railroad, banking executive (d.
1921 )
November 12 –
Auguste Rodin , French sculptor (d.
1917 )
November 14 –
Claude Monet , French painter (d.
1926 )
[9]
November 21 –
Victoria, Princess Royal (d.
1901 )
November 29 –
Rhoda Broughton , Welsh writer (d.
1920 )
December 17 –
Nozu Michitsura , Japanese general (d.
1908 )
date unknown
Deaths
January–June
Caspar David Friedrich
Frederick William III of Prussia
January 6 –
Fanny Burney , English novelist (b.
1752 )
January 22 –
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach , German anthropologist (b.
1752 )
February 13 –
Nicolas Joseph Maison , French marshal, Minister of War (b.
1770 )
March 11 –
George Wolf , American politician (b.
1777 )
March 17 –
Lady Lucy Whitmore , English noblewoman and hymnwriter (b.
1792 )
April 12 –
Franz Anton von Gerstner , Austrian railway engineer (b.
1796 )
[10]
April 25 –
Siméon Denis Poisson , French mathematician, geometer, and physicist (b.
1781 )
May 1 –
Joseph Williamson , builder of the
Williamson Tunnels (b.
1769 )
May 6
May 7 –
Caspar David Friedrich , German artist (b.
1774 )
May 13 –
Leonard Gyllenhaal , Swedish military officer, entomologist (b.
1752 )
May 14 –
Carl Ludvig Engel , German-Finnish architect (b.
1778 )
May 26 –
Sidney Smith , British admiral (b.
1764 )
May 25 –
Louisa Capper , English writer, philosopher and poet (b.
1776 )
[11]
May 27 –
Niccolò Paganini , Italian violinist, composer (b.
1782 )
June 7 – King
Frederick William III of Prussia (b.
1770 )
July–December
July 7 –
Nikolai Stankevich , Russian philosopher, poet (b.
1813 )
August 25 –
Karl Leberecht Immermann , German novelist, dramatist (b.
1796 )
[12]
September 11 –
John Gabriel Perboyre , French Catholic missionary, martyr in China (b.
1802 )
September 14 –
Joseph Smith, Sr. , American father of
Joseph Smith, Jr. (b.
1771 )
September 18 –
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque , Constantinople-born French polymath (b.
1783 )
September 20 –
José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia , first leader of independent Paraguay (b.
1766 )
September 22 –
Anne Lister , English landowner, diarist, mountaineer and traveller, "the first modern lesbian" (b.
1791 )
November 2 –
Józef Kossakowski (colonel) , Polish-Lithuanian statesman (b.
1771 )
December 11 –
Emperor Kōkaku of Japan (b.
1771 )
date unknown
References
^
"Antarctic Exploration — Chronology" . Quark Expeditions. 2004. Archived from
the original on September 8, 2006. Retrieved October 20, 2006 .
^ Guillon, Jacques (1986). Dumont d'Urville . Paris: France-Empire.
ISBN
2-7048-0472-9 .
^
"Railroad — Wilmington & Raleigh (later Weldon)" . North Carolina Business History . 2006. Retrieved December 2, 2011 .
^
"Railroads — prior to the Civil War" . North Carolina Business History . 2006. Archived from
the original on July 26, 2011. Retrieved December 2, 2011 .
^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 263–264.
ISBN
0-7126-5616-2 .
^
a
b Farah, Caesar E.; Centre for Lebanese Studies (Great Britain) (2000).
Politics of Interventionism in Ottoman Lebanon, 1830-1861 . I. B. Tauris. pp. 41–43.
ISBN
9781860640568 .
^ Holt, Geoffrey O. (1978).
A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain. Vol. 10: The North West . Newton Abbot: David and Charles. p.
117 .
ISBN
0-7153-7521-0 .
^
"Corporate Data" . Kajima Corporation. Retrieved January 11, 2021 .
^
"Claude Monet | Biography, Art, Water Lilies, Haystacks, Impression: Sunrise, & Facts | Britannica" . www.britannica.com . Retrieved June 7, 2022 .
^ Gamst, Frederick (1990).
"Franz Anton Ritter von Gerstner, Student of America's Pioneering Railroads" . Railroad History (163): 13–27.
JSTOR
43521426 . Retrieved November 15, 2020 .
^
Miscellanea Genealogica Et Heraldica . Hamilton, Adams, and Company. 1908. p. 79.
^ Isabel T. Lublin (1904).
Primer of German Literature . Swan Sonnenschein. p. 213.
^ Khan, Moin-Ud-Din (April 1, 1963). "Haji Shari'at-Allah". Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society . 11 (2): 106.
ProQuest
1301938794 .