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Decade
The 1610s decade ran from January 1, 1610, to December 31, 1619.
Events
1610
This section is
transcluded from
1610 .
(
|
history )
August 2 :
Henry Hudson sails into
Hudson Bay .
January–March
April–June
April 10 – The
Treaty of Brussol is signed between
Charles Emmanuel I ,
Duke of Savoy , and a representative of
King Henry IV of France , at a meeting at
Bruzolo near
Turin . The agreement for France and Savoy to remove Spanish occupiers from Italy, is never carried out because King Henry is assassinated one month later.
April 20 –
William Shakespeare 's play,
The Tragedie of Macbeth , is given its first performance, staged at the
Globe Theatre in
London .
[4]
May 13 – A formal coronation is held for
Marie de' Medici , wife of King Henry IV, as Queen Consort of France. King Henry is preparing to depart to Germany to participate in the
War of the Jülich Succession .
May 14 –
King Henry IV of
France is assassinated in
Paris by
François Ravaillac , a French Catholic activist who resents the Protestant monarch's decision to launch a war against the Catholic Spanish Netherlands. Ravaillac rushes up to a horse-drawn carriage and stabs King Henry in the chest. Henry's 8-year-old son becomes
King Louis XIII , with Henry's widow,
Marie de' Medici , governing France as queen regent.
May 23 –
Jamestown, Virginia : Acting as temporary Governor,
Thomas Gates , along with
John Rolfe , Captain
Ralph Hamor , Sir George Somers, and other survivors from the Sea Venture (wrecked at
Bermuda ) arrive at Jamestown; they find that 60 have survived the "starving time" (winter), the fort palisades and gates have been torn down, and empty houses have been used for firewood, in fear of attacks by natives outside the fort area.
May 24 –
Jamestown, Virginia : The temporary Governor,
Thomas Gates , issues The Divine, Moral, and Martial Laws .
May 27 – Regicide
François Ravaillac is executed by being pulled apart by horses in the
Place de Grève , Paris.
June 5 – The masque
Tethys' Festival is performed at
Whitehall Palace to celebrate the investiture of
Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales .
[5]
June 7 –
Jamestown : Temporary Governor
Gates decides to abandon Jamestown.
June 8 –
Jamestown : Temporary Governor Gates' convoy meets the ships of Governor
Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr (
Delaware ) at
Mulberry Island .
June 10 –
Jamestown : The convoy of temporary Governor Gates, and the ships of Governor Lord De La Warr, land at Jamestown.
June 24 –
Henri Membertou , Grand Chief of Mi'kmaq nation, becomes the first North American aboriginal person to accept baptism into the Christian faith and signs the Concordat of 1610, an agreement with the Roman Catholic Church recognizing the Mi'kmaq as an independent nation.
[6]
July–September
July 4 – (June 24 O.S.);
Polish–Muscovite War –
Battle of Klushino : The outnumbered forces of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth defeat the combined
Russian and
Swedish armies; Polish troops go on to occupy
Moscow .
[7]
July 5 –
John Guy sets sail from
Bristol , with 39 other colonists, for
Newfoundland .
July 9 –
Lady Arbella Stuart , a claimant to the throne of England, is imprisoned for clandestinely marrying
William Seymour, 2nd Duke of Somerset , another claimant, without royal permission on
June 22 .
[8]
July 27 (July 17 O.S.) –
Vasili Ivanovich Shuisky , who proclaimed himself Tsar of Russia on May 19, 1606, is deposed as the
Seven Boyars remove him from office to select a new ruler.
July 28 –
War of the Jülich Succession : The
Siege of Jülich , a walled city within the
Holy Roman Empire (now in Germany), is started by a combined force of troops from the
Dutch Republic , the Kingdom of France and the
Margraviate of Brandenburg .
August 2 –
Henry Hudson sails into what is now known as
Hudson Bay , thinking he has made it through the
Northwest Passage and reached the Pacific Ocean.
August 9 –
Anglo-Powhatan Wars : The English launch a major attack on the
Paspahegh village, capturing and executing the native queen and her children, burning houses and chopping down the corn fields; the subsequent use of the term "Paspahegh" in documents refers to their former territory.
September 1 –
Claudio Monteverdi 's musical work
Vespro della Beata Vergine (
Vespers for
the Blessed Virgin ) is first published, printed in Venice and dedicated to
Pope Paul V .
September 2 – The
Siege of Jülich ends as the Holy Roman Imperial city surrenders to
Maurice of Nassau , commander of the
Dutch Republic troops.
September 4 – The
Kingdom of Toungoo (now
Myanmar ) is retaken by
King Anaukpetlun of Burma , as rebel leader
Natshinnaung surrenders the city of
Taungoo .
September 6 – (August 27 O.S.); The
Seven Boyars , the group of seven Russian nobles seeking stability in the troubled nation, vote to have
King Wladyslaw IV of Poland as Tsar Vladislav of Russia, and invite the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth to take over the city.
September 19 –
Frederick V , age 14, becomes the new
Prince-Elector of the
Rhineland Palatinate , two days after the death of his father,
Frederick IV .
September 21 (September 11 O.S.) – Forces of the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth capture
Moscow and begin occupation of the
Kremlin for the next two years.
October–December
October 9 –
Poland , under the command of
Hetman
Stanisław Żółkiewski , takes control of the
Kremlin during the
Polish–Muscovite War .
October 17 – The coronation of
Louis XIII of France takes place.
[9]
October 24 – The
War of the Jülich Succession ends as the
Protestant Union (including
Margraviate of Brandenburg Brandenburg and
Electoral Palatinate ) and the
Catholic League (led by the
Duchy of Bavaria ) agree to withdraw their forces from Germany and to disband them by year's end.
November 6 – After the
Parliament of England gives King James only £ 100,000 of an agreed to £ 600,000 of debt relief promised in February under the
Great Contract , the King demands the rest of the funds. Parliament is outraged and declares the Contract abandoned on November 9.
November 8 – The
Basque witch trials come to an end after almost two years. Out of about 7,000 persons accused of witchcraft, only six are condemned to be executed by the
Spanish Inquisition as two men (
Domingo de Subildegui and
Petri de Joangorena ) and four women (
María de Echachute ,
Graciana Xarra ,
Maria Baztan de Borda , and
Maria de Arburu ) are burned at the stake at
Logroño .
[10]
November 20 – The
cession of Larache , a port in
Morocco , takes place as
Mohammed esh Sheikh el Mamun , Sultan of Morocco, transfers control of the city to
Spain in return for. The
Marquis de la Hinojosa accepts on behalf of
King Felipe III of Spain in return for Spain's aid to the Sultan's fight against the Sultan's brother,
Zidan Abu Maali .
Larache remains under Spanish control for the next 79 years until another sultan retakes it.
[11]
November 26 – French astronomers
Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc and
Joseph Gaultier make the first detailed observations of the
Orion Nebula .
December 18 – (December 8 O.S.) English astronomer
Thomas Harriot becomes the first person on Earth to observe
sunspots through a telescope.
[12]
December 19 –
Pieter Both becomes the first
Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (now the
Republic of Indonesia ), serving until 1614.
December 20 – (December 10 O.S.),
John Roberts , a Benedictine monk in
Wales , is executed five days after being convicted of
high treason for violating a law against Catholic ministry. He is
hanged, drawn and quartered . Roberts will be canonized as a Roman Catholic saint almost 360 years later, on October 25, 1970.
December 21 – (December 11 O.S.) The
second False Dmitry is assassinated by a
Kasim
Tatar prince,
Peter Urusov . After both Dmitry and Urosov have been drinking, Urusov shoots the Tsar Dmitry, then decapitates him.
[13]
Date unknown
Dr. Bonham's Case , a landmark decision, is decided by
Edward Coke ,
Chief Justice of the Common Pleas of England. Coke affirms the supremacy of the
common law , which limits the power of
Parliament as well as the king.
[14]
The
Manchu tribal leader
Nurhaci breaks his relations with the
Ming dynasty of China, at this time under the aloof and growingly negligent
Wanli Emperor ; Nurhaci's line later becomes the emperors of the
Qing dynasty , which overthrows the short-lived
Shun dynasty in
1644 , and the remnants of the Ming throne in
1662 .
Publication is completed of the
Douay–Rheims Bible (The Holie Bible Faithfully Translated into English ), a translation of the
Bible from the Latin
Vulgate into English made by members of the
English College, Douai , in the service of the
Catholic Church .
[15]
Jakob Böhme experiences another inner vision, in which he believes that he further understands the unity of the cosmos, and that he has received a special vocation from God.
Work starts on the
Wignacourt Aqueduct , in
Malta .
Santa Fe, New Mexico , capital of
New Mexico , is founded as capital of Kingdom of
Nuevo México .
[16]
1611
This section is
transcluded from
1611 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 26 –
Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully is forced by
Queen regent Marie 's Regency Council to resign as
chief minister of France .
[17] He is replaced by Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de Villeroy.
February 27 –
Sunspots are observed by
telescope , by
Frisian astronomers
Johannes Fabricius and
David Fabricius . Johannes publishes the results of these observations, in De Maculis in Sole observatis in
Wittenberg , later this year.
[18] Such early discoveries are overlooked, however, and the first sighting is claimed a few months later, by
Galileo Galilei and
Christoph Scheiner .
March 4 –
George Abbot is enthroned as
Archbishop of Canterbury in England.
[19]
March 9 – Battle of Segaba in
Begemder : Yemana Kristos, brother of
Emperor of Ethiopia
Susenyos I , ends the rebellion of Melka Sedeq.
March 19 –
20 – The
Moscow Uprising , an armed rising of the inhabitants of
Moscow in the
Tsardom of Russia against the military
Polish–Lithuanian occupation of Moscow (Fall 1610–Fall 1612), results in the occupying forces starting a major fire in the city and the death of 6–7,000 Muscovites.
[20]
April–June
April 4 –
Denmark-Norway declares
war on
Sweden , then captures
Kalmar .
April 7 (March 28 O.S.) –
False Dmitry III , the third pretender to the Russian throne to claim to be Prince
Dmitry of Uglich , son of
Ivan the Terrible , arrives at
Ivangorod and proclaims himself as the Tsar Dmitry Ivanovich I.
April 28 – The Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario is established in
Manila , the
Philippines (later renamed Colegio de Santo Tomas, and later still the
University of Santo Tomas ).
[21]
April 30 – The priest implicated in the
Aix-en-Provence possessions in France is executed.
May 2 – The
Authorized King James Version of the
Bible is published for the first time, printed by
Robert Barker in
London .
May 9 – At the age of 16,
Emperor Go-Mizunoo succeeds his father
Emperor Go-Yōzei as
Emperor of Japan .
May 11 – The first known performance of
William Shakespeare 's
The Winter's Tale , probably new this year, is given at the
Globe Theatre in
London .
[22]
May–December – Entrepreneur
Thomas Sutton founds
Charterhouse School , on the site of the old
Carthusian monastery in
Charterhouse Square ,
Smithfield, London .
June 13 – The
Siege of Smolensk in Russia by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth succeeds after nearly two years of fighting that started on 29 September 1609. The conquest of the city is made possible by the discovery of a weakness in the walls of the fortress and the detonating of an explosive in a drainage canal.
June 22 – English explorer and sea captain
Henry Hudson , his teenage son John, and seven crewmen are set adrift in or near
Hudson Bay , after a mutiny on his ship
Discovery . They are never seen again.
July–September
October–December
October 30 – At the age of 16,
Gustav II Adolf succeeds his father
Charles IX as
King of Sweden .
November 1 – At
Whitehall Palace in London,
William Shakespeare 's last solo play,
The Tempest , is given its earliest reported performance.
December 2 (
Keichō 16, 10th month, 28th day) – The
1611 Sanriku earthquake of 8.1 magnitude strikes off of the coast of
Japan and causes a
tsunami that kills almost 5,000 people in the northern section of
Honshu island.
December 5 (30 Ramadan 1020 A.H.) – To celebrate the end of the daily fasting of the month of
Ramadan , the
Mughal Empire Army commander,
Mubariz Khan , hosts the celebration banquet and learns that Pashtun rebel leader
Khwaja Usman and 250 of his men have evacuated
Bokainagar (modern-day Gouripur in
Bangladesh ) during the Mughal Army's holiday observance.
December – The week-long
Conquest of Bakla leads to the fall of the
Chandradwip kingdom and the Mughal annexation of Barisal into the
Bengal Subah
Date unknown
1612
This section is
transcluded from
1612 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 6 –
Axel Oxenstierna becomes
Lord High Chancellor of Sweden . He persuades the
Riksdag of the Estates to grant the
Swedish nobility the right and privilege to hold all higher offices of government.
January 10 –
Gustavus Adolphus replies to Metropolitan Isidor, Odoevskij and the estates of
Novgorod , stating that he himself wishes to assume responsibility for the government of Novgorod and also of all Russians. A number of land grants signed the same day show that the Swedish king has assumed the title of
Tsar .
[23]
January 20
February 11 –
Battle of Vittsjö : King
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden and 3,000 of his troops are forced to retreat from
Denmark . The 17-year old king almost drowns while attempting to ride his horse across a frozen lake, but is rescued by two other members of his cavalry. The horse is lost.
March 2 – The
False Dmitry III , one of three pretenders to the Russian throne who all claim to be sons of
Ivan the Terrible , is recognized as Tsar of Russia by the
Cossacks .
March 12 – At Daulambapur, near
Kamalganj in what is now the Indian state of
Uttar Pradesh , a battle takes place between 4,500 troops led by General
Islam Khan I of India's
Mughal Empire , and 12,000 defenders led by the Afghan warlord
Khwaja Usman . The Mughals are almost defeated until Usman is struck in the eye by an arrow fired from a crossbow.
April–June
July–September
July 4 – (8th waxing of
Waso 974
ME ) In what is now
Myanmar ,
Min Khamaung becomes the new [[List of Burmese monarchs#3.6 Mrauk-U|King of Arakan]] upon the death of his father, King
Min Razgyi .
July 22 – Four women and one man are hanged following the
Northamptonshire witch trials in England.
July 24 –
Marcantonio Memmo is elected as the
Doge of the
Republic of Venice on the first ballot of the Venetian council, winning 38 of the 41 votes. Memmo succeeds the late Doge
Leonardo Donato , who died on July 16.
August 20 – Ten
Pendle witches are hanged, having been found guilty of practising witchcraft in
Lancashire in England.
August 26 –
Battle of Kringen : A Scottish mercenary force is destroyed in Norway.
September 1 –
Battle of Moscow (1612) : Led by General
Jan Karol Chodkiewicz , a relief force from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, whose troops had been occupying
Moscow for two years, make an unsuccessful attempt to break the Russian siege of the
Kremlin , where General
Mikolaj Strus and his troops are trapped. Both the Russians (led by
Dmitry Pozharsky ) and the Commonwealth troops suffer at least 1,000 deaths, but the Russians prevail. General Chodkiewicz tries a second attack the next day and fails.
September 2 (August 23 O.S.) – The
Lutheran Duchy of Prussia , a fiefdom within Poland, becomes the first
Protestant government to follow the Roman Catholic nations in
adopting the Gregorian calendar .
September 5 – England's
East India Company gets its first warships and establishes the "'Honourable East India Company's Marine'" to protect its freighters. The force develops over the centuries into the
Royal Indian Navy and, after India's independence in 1947, the
Indian Navy .
September 22 – Retreating Polish and Lithuanian troops burn the Russian city of
Vologda in reprisal for their defeat at Moscow.
October–December
Date unknown
1613
This section is
transcluded from
1613 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 11 – Workers in a sandpit in the
Dauphiné region of
France discover the skeleton of what is alleged to be a 30-foot tall man (the remains, it is supposed, of the giant
Teutobochus , a legendary Gallic king who fought the Romans).
[30]
January 20 – King
James I of England successfully mediates the
Treaty of Knäred between
Denmark and
Sweden .
[31]
February 14 –
Elizabeth , daughter of King
James I of England , marries
Frederick V, Elector Palatine .
[32]
February 24 – King Anaukpetlun of Burma blockades the
Portuguese port at Syriam with 80 warships and 3,000 men, then sets about to tunnel into the city.
March 3 (February 21 O.S.) – An assembly of the
Russian Empire elects
Mikhail Romanov
Tsar of
Russia , ending the
Time of Troubles . The
House of Romanov will remain a ruling dynasty until
1917 .
March 27 – The first English child is born in
Canada at
Cuper's Cove ,
Newfoundland to
Nicholas Guy .
March 29
Explorer
Samuel de Champlain becomes the first unofficial Governor of
New France in Canada.
Burmese soldiers, tunneling under the walls of the Portuguese colonial fortress at
Syriam (now Thanlyin), bring down a section of the walls and sack the city. Portuguese Governor
Filipe de Brito e Nicote and rebel Burmese General
Natshinnaung are captured, and executed by impalement on April 9.
April–June
April 13 –
Samuel Argall captures
Algonquian princess
Pocahontas in
Passapatanzy, Virginia , to ransom her for some English prisoners held by her father,
Chief Powhatan . She is brought to
Henricus as a hostage.
[33]
May 12 –
Mikhail Romanov arrives in
Moscow to begin his reign as Tsar of Russia, after having been elected on March 3.
May 14
The city of
Hanthawaddy (now Bago) is restored as the capital of Burma by King Anaukpetlun, who relocates the government from
Ava (now Inwa).
The ruler of the principality of
Martaban , Binnya Dala, surrenders to the armies of King Anaukpetlun of Burma.
May 23 –
War of the Montferrat Succession : The defenders of the Italian city of
Nizza Monferrato successfully resist a nine-day siege by the troops of
Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy .
May 27 – After getting an official proclamation that he is the French Governor of
New France , explorer
Samuel de Champlain begins exploration of the area westward from
Quebec , traveling along the
Ottawa River .
June 28 (July 8 N.S.) – From
Jamestown ,
John Rolfe makes the first shipment to England of
tobacco grown in Virginia, dispatching it on the ship The Elizabeth .
[34] The tobacco arrives in England after a voyage of three weeks.
June 29 – Fire destroys
London 's famed
Globe Theatre , during a performance of Shakespeare's Henry VIII .
[35]
July–September
July 20 (July 30 N.S.) – The first American-grown tobacco, produced in the British colony of Virginia, arrives in England after being dispatched 22 days earlier by John Rolfe.
[34]
July 26 –
Diego Marín de Negron , the Spanish Governor of Rio de la Plata y Paraguay, is assassinated by poisoning at his palace in
Buenos Aires .C. Antonio Zinny, History of the governors of the Argentine provinces from 1810 to the present (Editoriales Huemul, 1941) p.105
July 28 – Gregor Richter, the chief pastor of
Görlitz , denounces
Jacob Boehme as a heretic, in his Sunday sermon.
August 29 – The
Sicilians under de Aragon defeat the trade fleet of the
Ottoman Empire , ending the
Battle of Cape Corvo .
September 29 – The
New River is opened, to supply
London with drinking water from
Hertfordshire .
October–December
October 21 –
Gabriel Bathory , ruler of the
Principality of Transylvania , is removed from office by vote of the nobles meeting at
Gyulafehérvár (now Alba Iulia in Romania).
[36] : 279 Bathory refuses to vacate the palace at the Transylvanian capital at
Várad , (now Oradea in Romania), and is murdered on October 27.
[36]
October 23 –
Gabriel Bethlen is elected as the new Prince of Transylvania.
[37]
October 28 –
Keichō embassy:
Hasekura Tsunenaga departs Japan in the
Date Maru with a Japanese diplomatic mission to the
Holy See , scheduled to first travel to
Acapulco in
New Spain , with a goal of concluding an agreement between
Tokugawa Ieyasu and the
East India Company , permitting English merchants to live and trade in Japan.
November 3 – English royal favourite
Robert Carr is created 1st
Earl of Somerset .
November 30 – King Anaukpetlun of Burma sends an army of 4,000 troops to drive the Siamese occupiers from the Tenasserim coast.
December 26 –
December 26 – The Burmese Army defeats the Siamese Army at
Tavoy . The city is now part of Myanmar as Dawei.
December 27 –
Mateo Leal de Ayala becomes the new Governor of Rio de la Plata y Paraguay, covering what will become the nations of Argentina, Chile and Paraguay. He succeeds
Diego Marín de Negron , who was poisoned on July 26.
Date unknown
1614
This section is
transcluded from
1614 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 22 – Led by
Hasekura Tsunenaga , Japan's trade expedition to
New Spain (now Mexico) arrives on the Mexican coast with 22 samurai, 120 Japanese merchants, sailors and servants, and 40 Spaniards and Portuguese who serve as interpreters.
[40] Having reached the Americas after a voyage that began on October 28, the expedition travels to
Acapulco and arrives on January 25.
January 27 – The
Noordsche Compagnie is founded in the Netherlands at
Vlieland as a cartel in the whaling market.
February 1 – In Japan, the practice of
Christianity is banned and an edict issues for the expulsion of all foreign missionairies.
[41]
[42]
February 2 – Iran's Safavid dynasty Emperor,
Abbas the Great , carries out the execution of his oldest son, Crown Prince
Mohammad Baqer Mirza , on suspicion that his son is planning to kill him.
[43]
February 14 (February 4 O.S.) – King
James I of England issues his proclamation Against Private Challenges and Combats in an effort to end duels.
February 20 –
Matthias I , Archduke of Austria, King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, and Holy Roman Emperor, directs the restoration of Roman Catholic rule to
Aachen , allowing the Army of Flanders (from the Spanish Netherlands) to
lay siege to the German town .
March 15 – Construction begins on the
Takada Castle in
Japan .
March 17 – The
States General of the
Republic of the Seven United Netherlands authorizes an exclusive monopoly for trade in the
New World , providing for the winning company to be able to make four voyages to the eastern coast of North America between 40° N and 45° N, encompassing what are now the U.S. states of New Jersey. The
New Netherland Company receives the exclusive patent, effective January 1, 1615.
April–June
April 5 (April 15 N.S.)
Pocahontas , the 17-year-old daughter of Chief
Wahunsenacawh of the
Powhatan Algonquian native tribe in what is now the U.S. state of Virginia, is forced into child marriage with English colonist
John Rolfe at
Jamestown , a year after her capture in war. She is given the name of Rebecca Rolfe and departs with John Rolfe to England in 1616, dying before she can return.
The
Addled Parliament is assembled in England as the second parliament of King James I, and
the first in more than nine years . Its members serve for two months without passing any laws.
The Republic of the Netherlands and the Kingdom of Sweden enter into a treaty at
the Hague .
A new parliament will not be seated until more than six years later.
April 30 – The
Kingdom of Lan Na (in what is now northern Thailand) is invaded by 17,000 troops commanded by
King Anaukpetlun of
Burma (now
Myanmar ). Lan Na's King Thado Kyaw is unsuccessful in getting assistance from the Kingdom of Siam, and turns to the
Kingdom of Lan Xang (now
Laos ), which provides assistance.
May 14 – An earthquake strikes the Azores islands and levels the village of Vila Franca do Campo.
May 15 – The Queen Regent of France,
Marie de' Medici , convenes the
Estates General to suppress a rebellion by
Henri II, Prince of Condé .
May 17 – Battle of Rohatyn: Mutinous "konfederacja" Polish troops are defeated by the Polish Army, led by General
Stanisław Koniecpolski .
June 7 – The
Addled Parliament is dissolved by King James.
July–September
July 6 –
Raid of Żejtun : Ottoman forces make a final attempt to conquer the island of
Malta , but are beaten back by the
Knights Hospitaller .
July 16 – In reprisal for the attempt of "
the False Dmitry ", a man who claimed to be the son of Ivan the Terrible, to claim the throne,
Tsar Michael I has Dmitry's 3-year-old son,
Ivan Dmitriyevich , publicly hanged in Moscow.
August 23 – The
University of Groningen is established in the
Dutch Republic .
[44]
August 24 – The
Siege of Aachen begins as the Spanish Army of Flanders, commanded by Amrogio Spinola, attacks with 15,000 troops. The 600-man defense force from Brandenburg surrenders a few days later.
September 1 – In England,
Sir Julius Caesar becomes
Master of the Rolls .
October–December
October 2 – After
Louis XIII reaches the age of 23, he is given full power as King of France and
the regency of his mother is ended.
Queen Regent Marie retains her position as leader of the
Conseil du Roi , however, and continues to control the French government.
October 11 –
Adriaen Block and a group of
Amsterdam merchants petition the
States General of the Northern Netherlands for exclusive trading rights, in the area he explored and named "
New Netherland ".
October 13 – The second
War of the Jülich Succession , which flared up a second time in May, comes to an end.
October 17 – On the orders of
Ahmed I ,
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire , Grand Vizier
Nasuh Pasha is strangled to death by the chief of the Sultan's bodyguards.
October 27 – The
French Estates General begins its last session.
[45]
The session, with 464 deputies representing the nobility, the lower and middle classes, and the clergy, closes on February 23, 1615.
[46] For the next 175 years, the
Kingdom of France will be governed as an
absolute monarchy until the calling of a new Estates General in
1789 during the
French Revolution ).
November 12 – The
Treaty of Xanten ends the
War of the Jülich Succession .
[47]
November 19 – Hostilities resulting from an attempt by
Toyotomi Hideyori to restore
Osaka Castle begin.
Tokugawa Ieyasu , father of the
shōgun , is outraged at this act, and leads three thousand men across the Kizu River, destroying the fort there.
December 4 – The
Siege of Osaka begins in Japan.
Date unknown
Scottish mathematician
John Napier publishes
Mirifici Logarithmorum Canonis Descriptio (Description of the Admirable Table of Logarithms ), outlining his discovery of
logarithms , and incorporating the
decimal mark .
Astronomer
Johannes Kepler soon begins to employ logarithms, in his description of the
Solar System .
Tisquantum,
[48] a Native American of the
Wampanoag Nation , is kidnapped and enslaved by Thomas Hunt, an English sea captain working with Captain John Smith. Freed in Spain, Tisquantum (a.k.a.
Squanto ) will travel for five years in Europe and North America, before returning to his home in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Twenty months later, he will be able to teach the Pilgrims
[49] the basics of farming and trade in the New World.
The
Fama Fraternitatis is published, the first of three allegorical
Rosicrucian manifestoes in the
Holy Roman Empire
The Duchess of Malfi is performed at the Globe theatre
1615
This section is
transcluded from
1615 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 1 – The
New Netherland Company is granted a three-year
monopoly in
North American trade, between the
40th and
45th
parallels .
January 30 – Japan's diplomatic mission to Europe, led by
Hasekura Tsunenaga , meets with
King Philip III of Spain at
Madrid and presents an offer of a treaty.
February 2 – Sir
Thomas Roe sets out to become the first ambassador from the court of the
King of England to the
Mughal Emperor
Jahangir ,
[50]
[51] departing from Tilbury Hope on the ship Lyon under the command of captain
Christopher Newport .
[52]
February 17 – Japan's envoy to Europe, Hasekura Tsunenaga, receives a Christian baptism by the royal chaplain, Diego de Guzmán, and receives the European name Felipe Francisco Hasekura.
[53]
March 10 –
John Ogilvie , a Jesuit priest, is
hanged and drawn at
Glasgow Cross in
Scotland for refusing to pledge allegiance to
King James VI of Scotland ; he will be
canonised in 1976, becoming the only post-
Reformation Scottish saint.
April–June
July–September
October–December
October 5 – The
Spánverjavígin , the last massacre to be carried out in Iceland, begins as 14
Basque Whalers from
Spain are murdered at
Thingeyri while sleeping. Another 18 are killed on October 13, including Captain Martín de Villafranca. The 31 had been survivors of a shipwreck on Iceland in September.
October 27 – In Russia, the
siege of Pskov ends with the withdrawal of Swedish Army troops. The siege is the last battle of the
Ingrian War .
November 3 – Japanese diplomat
Hasekura Tsunenaga and his delegation are received by
Pope Paul V in
Rome , and present a request for trade between the Roman Catholic Church and the Japanese shogunate
[57]
November 7 – The Portuguese freighter Nossa Senhora da Luz , carrying 150 crew and a cargo of Chinese and Burmese goods, sinks in a storm near the Azores.
November 22 –
Alexandru Movilă is installed as
Prince of Moldavia by Poland as Prince
Ștefan IX Tomșa is driven from the throne.
November 24 –
King Louis XIII of France marries
Princess Ana María Mauricia , the 14-year-old daughter of
King Philip III of Spain . The two had been legally united in a marriage by proxy on October 18.
November – The
Mughals under
Jahangir launch the first offensive against
Kajali , a border post of the
Ahom kingdom .
December 2 – In the
Venetian Republic ,
Giovanni Bembo is elected chief executive as the new
Doge of Venice after the October 31 death of
Marcantonio Memmo .
December 6 – In
England ,
John Winthrop , later governor of the future
Massachusetts Bay Colony , marries his second wife (of four), Thomasine Clopton, daughter of William Clopton of Castleins, near
Groton, Suffolk .
December 18 –
Francisco de Borja y Aragón becomes the new
Viceroy of Peru , a colony of Spain encompassing all of
Spanish language -speaking
South America and what are now the nations of Peru, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
December 20 – The
Uskok War begins after the ports of the Holy Roman Empire on the Adriatic Sea are blockaded by the Republic of Venice, which has hired English and Dutch mercenaries.
Date unknown
Easter – Persian
Safavid hordes, led by Shah
Abbas the Great , kill all the monks at the
David Gareja monastery complex in
Georgia , and set fire to its collection of manuscripts and works of art.
Mary Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury , is released from the
Tower of London , in recognition of her role in helping to discover the murder of Sir
Thomas Overbury .
The
Somers Isles Company is founded to administer
Bermuda .
John Browne is created the first King's Gunfounder in England.
Austrian merchants receive economic privileges in the
Ottoman Empire .
The Perse School in
Cambridge , England, is founded by Dr
Stephen Perse .
Wilson's School in
Wallington , near London, is founded by Royal Charter.
The
Grolsch Brewery is founded in
Groenlo ,
Netherlands .
Konoike Shinroku opens an office in
Osaka , and begins shipping tax-rice from western
Japan to Osaka.
Johannes Kepler publishes Dissertatio cum Nuncio Sidereo , in response to
Galileo 's discovery of
Jupiter 's moons.
[58]
Manuel Dias , a Portuguese
Jesuit missionary , introduces the
telescope for the first time in
China , in his book Tian Wen Lüe (Explicatio Sphaerae Coelestis ).
The second volume of
Miguel de Cervantes 's
Don Quixote ("El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha") is published, and is as successful as the first. Don Quixote eventually becomes the only truly famous work its author ever writes.
1616
This section is
transcluded from
1616 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 1 – King
James I of England attends the
masque
The Golden Age Restored , a satire by
Ben Jonson on fallen court favorite the
Earl of Somerset . The king asks for a repeat performance on
January 6 .
[59]
January 3 – In the court of
James I of England , the king's favorite
George Villiers becomes
Master of the Horse (encouraging development of the
thoroughbred
horse ); on
April 24 he receives the
Order of the Garter ; and on
August 27 is created Viscount Villiers and Baron Waddon, receiving a grant of land valued at £80,000. In
1617 , he will be made
Earl of Buckingham . After the
Earl of Pembroke , he is the second richest nobleman in
England .
January 10 – English
diplomat Sir
Thomas Roe presents his
credentials to the
Mughal Emperor
Jahangir , in
Ajmer Fort, opening the door to the
British presence in India .
[60]
[61] Roe sailed in the Lyon under the command of captain
Christopher Newport , best known for his role in the
Virginia colonies .
January 12 – The city of
Belém , Brazil is founded on the
Amazon River delta, by Portuguese captain
Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco , who had previously taken the city of
São Luís in
Maranhão from the French.
January 15 – After overwintering with the
Huron Indians ,
Samuel de Champlain and Recollect Father
Joseph Le Caron visit the
Petun and
Ottawa Indians of the
Great Lakes . This is Champlain's last trip in North America before returning to France. Having secured Canada, he helps create
French America ,
New France , or
L'Acadie .
January 29 –
Dutch captain
Willem Schouten , in the Eendracht , rounds the southern tip of South America, and names it
Kaap Hoorn , after his birthplace in
Holland .
January – 6-year-old
António Vieira arrives from Portugal with his parents in
Bahia (modern-day
Salvador ) in
Colonial Brazil , where he will become a
diplomat , noted author, leading figure of the
Church , and protector of Brazilian
indigenous peoples , in an age of intolerance.
February 1 –
James I of England grants
Ben Jonson an annual pension of 100
marks , making him de facto
poet laureate .
[62]
February 17 – Manchurian leader
Qing Tai Zu , referred to in the west as "Nurhaci", declares himself
khan and crowns himself as Emperor of China, founding the
Later Jin dynasty .
February 19 – The first recorded
eruption of
Mayon Volcano , the
Philippines ' most active
volcano , takes place.
[63]
February 24 – A commission of
Roman Catholic theologians, the "Qualifiers," reports that the idea that the Sun is stationary is "foolish and absurd in philosophy, and formally heretical since it explicitly contradicts in many places the sense of Holy Scripture...".
February 26 – Astronomer
Galileo Galilei appears before Cardinal
Roberto Bellarmino and "warned of the error of the
Copernican opinion taught by him", and
enjoined by the Catholic Church against any attempt to hold, teach or defend the position of Copernicus that the Sun is stationary rather than revolving around the Earth "in any way whatsoever, verbally or in writing."
[64]
February 28 – In the aftermath of the
1613 –
1614 anti-Jewish
pogrom called the
Fettmilch uprising in
Frankfurt , Germany, mob leader
Vincenz Fettmilch is beheaded, but the Jews, who had been expelled from the city on August 23, 1614, following the plundering of the
Judengasse , can return only as a result of direct intervention by
Holy Roman Emperor
Matthias . After long negotiations, the Jews are left without any compensation for their plundered belongings.
February – English merchants of the
East India Company complain that the great troubles and wars in Japan since their arrival have put them to much pains and charges. Two great cities,
Osaka and Sakaii, have been burned to the ground, each one almost as big as London, and not one house left standing, and it is reported above 300,000 men have lost their lives, “yet the old Emperor Ogusho Same hath prevailed and Fidaia Same either been slain or fled secretly away, that no news is to be heard of him.”
Jesuits , priests, and friars are banished by the emperor and their churches and
monasteries pulled down; they put the fault on the arrival of the English; it is said if Fidaia Same had prevailed against the emperor, he promised them entrance again, when without doubt all the English would have been driven out of Japan.
[65]
March 5 –
De revolutionibus orbium coelestium , written by
Nicolaus Copernicus in
1543 is placed on the
Index of Forbidden Books , by the
Congregation of the Index of the
Roman Catholic Church "until corrected".
[66]
March 11
March 19
March 26 –
August 30 – English explorer
William Baffin , as pilot to
Robert Bylot on the
Discovery , makes a detailed exploration of
Baffin Bay , whilst searching for the
Northwest Passage .
[68] The expedition also discovers
Smith Sound ,
Lancaster Sound and
Devon Island , and reaches
latitude 77° 45' North, a record which holds for 236 years.
March 31 – Mughal Emperor
Jahangir confers the title of
Nur Jahan ('Light of the World') on his 20th wife.
[69]
[70]
[71]
March –
Action of 1616 , La Goulette,
Tunisia : A Spanish squadron under Francisco de Ribera defeats a Tunisian fleet.
April–June
April 25 – Sir
John Coke , in the
Court of King's Bench (England) , holds the King's actions in a case of
In commendam to be illegal.
May 3 – The
Treaty of Loudun is signed, ending a series of rebellions in France.
[72]
May 25 – King
James I of England 's former favourite, the
Earl of Somerset , and his wife
Frances , are convicted of the murder of
Thomas Overbury in
1613 . They are spared death, and are sentenced to imprisonment in the Tower of London (until
1622 ).
[73] Although the King has ordered the investigation of the poet's murder and allowed his former court favorite to be arrested and tried, his court, now under the influence of
George Villiers , gains the reputation of being corrupt and vile. The sale of peerages (beginning in July)
[74] and the royal visit of James's brother-in-law,
Christian IV of Denmark , a notorious drunkard, add further scandal.
June 12 –
Pocahontas (now Rebecca) arrives in England, with her husband,
John Rolfe ,
[75] their one-year-old son,
Thomas Rolfe , her half-sister Matachanna (alias Cleopatra) and brother-in-law
Tomocomo , the
shaman also known as Uttamatomakkin (having set out in May). Ten
Powhatan
Indians are brought by Sir
Thomas Dale , the colonial governor, at the request of the
Virginia Company , as a fund-raising device. Dale, having been recalled under criticism, writes A True Relation of the State of Virginia, Left by Sir Thomas Dale, Knight, in May last, 1616 , in a successful effort to redeem his leadership. Neither Pocahontas or Dale see Virginia again.
July–September
October–December
October 10 –
Sakazaki Naomori of
Iwami
Tsuwano han commits suicide after failing to kidnap
Princess Sen .
October 25 –
Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at
Dirk Hartog Island off the Western Australian coast, and the
pewter
Hartog Plate is left to mark the landfall of the Dutch ship
Eendracht .
[78]
October
October /
November –
Ben Jonson 's satirical five-act comedy,
The Devil is an Ass , is produced at the
Blackfriars Theatre in London by the
King's Men , poking fun at contemporary credence in witchcraft and
Middlesex juries.
[80]
November 4 –
Prince Charles (15-year-old surviving son of
James I of England and
Anne of Denmark ) is invested as
Prince of Wales at
Whitehall in London, the last such formal investiture until
1911 .
November 5 – Bishop
Lancelot Andrewes preaches the annual
Gunpowder Treason sermon before King
James I of England at
Whitehall , both having been intended victims of the plot.
November 6 –
25 –
Ben Jonson 's works are published in a collected
folio edition (the first of any English playwright).
[74]
[81]
November 6 – Captain William Murray is granted a royal
patent , giving him the sole privilege of importing
tobacco to Scotland for a period of 21 years. Continuing from the reign of
Elizabeth I of England , the creation of grants and patents reaches a new highwater mark from
1614 to
1621 , during the reign of
James I of England .
November 13 – Italian artist
Guido Reni 's famous Pietà , commissioned by the Senate of
Bologna , is placed on the greater altar of the church of Santa Maria della Pietà.
November 14 – In England, Sir
Edward Coke is dismissed as
Chief Justice of the King's Bench by royal prerogative.
November 16
November 30 –
Cardinal Richelieu , Armand-Jean du Plessis, is named French
Secretary of State by young king
Louis XIII . Richelieu will change France into a unified centralised state, able to resist both England and the
Habsburg Empire .
November
Peter Paul Rubens begins work on classical
tapestries , when a contract is signed in
Antwerp with cloth dyers Jan Raes and Frans Sweerts in Brussels, and the
Genoese merchant Franco Cattaneo.
René Descartes , at age 20, graduates in
civil and
canon law at the
University of Poitiers , where he becomes disillusioned with books, preferring to seek truths from "le grand livre du monde." His thesis defense may be written in December.
With small profits to show, the
Virginia Company decides to distribute land in
Virginia to
shareholders according to the number of shares owned. Each stockholder can set up a "particular" plantation and pay associated expenses, receiving 100 acres (0.40 km2 ) of land for each share and 50 acres (200,000 m2 ) for each person transported (the "headrights" system).
Scholar
Robert Burton is made
vicar of
St Thomas the Martyr's Church, Oxford .
[83]
[84]
December 10 – An
ordinance establishes
parish schools in Scotland. The same act of the
Privy Council commends the abolition of
Gaelic .
December 18 – A widely reported earthquake occurs in
Leipzig , Germany (also dated
December 22 ).
[85]
December 22 – An Indian youth (called one of "the first fruits of India") is baptized with the name "Peter" in London at the St. Dionis Backchurch, in a ceremony attended by the
Lord Mayor , the
Privy Council , city aldermen, and officials of the
Honourable East India Company . Peter thus becomes the first convert to the
Anglican Church in India. He returns to India as a missionary, schooled in English and Latin.
[86]
December 25
December – In the Middle East, traveller
Pietro Della Valle marries Jowaya, daughter of a
Nestorian Christian father and an
Armenian mother, in
Baghdad . The couple then sets off (
1617 ) to find the Shah in
Isfahan .
Date unknown
Abbas I's Kakhetian and Kartlian campaigns occur as progressive combats.
Abbas I of Persia captures
Tbilisi following a conflict with the
Georgian soldiers and the general populace. After the capture of Tbilisi, Abbas I confronts an
Ottoman army. The battle takes place near
Lake Gökçe , and results in a
Safavid victory.
Oorsprong en voortgang der Nederlandtscher beroerten (Origin and progress of the disturbances in the Netherlands ), by
Johannes Gysius , is published.
[89]
The
Collegium Musicum is founded in
Prague .
Physician
Aleixo de Abreu is granted a pension of 16,000 reis, for services to the crown in
Angola and
Brazil , by
Philip III of Spain , who also appoints him physician of his chamber.
Ngawang Namgyal arrives in
Bhutan , having escaped
Tibet .
The
Swiss Guard is appointed part of the household guard of King
Louis XIII of France .
Week-long festivities in honor of the Prince of
Urbano , of the
Barberini family , occur in
Florence , Italy.
[90]
Richard Steel and John Crowther complete their journey from Ajmeer in the
Mughal Empire to
Ispahan in
Persia .
Captain John Smith publishes his book
A description of New England in London. Smith relates one voyage to the coast of
Massachusetts and
Maine , in
1614 , and an attempted voyage in
1615 , when he was captured by French
pirates and detained for several months before escaping.
The
New England
Indian
smallpox or
leptospirosis epidemic of 1616–
19 begins to depopulate the region, killing an estimated 90% of the coastal native peoples.
[91]
[92]
A
slave ship carries
smallpox from the
Kingdom of Kongo to
Salvador , Brazil.
[93]
In England,
louse -borne
epidemic typhus ravages the poor and crowded.
A fatal disease of cattle, probably
rinderpest , spreads through the Italian provinces of
Padua ,
Udine ,
Treviso and
Vicenza , introduced most likely from
Dalmatia or Hungary. Great numbers of cattle die in Italy, as they had in previous years (
1559 ,
1562 ,
1566 ,
1590 ,
1598 ) in other European regions when
harvest failure also drives people to the brink of starvation (for example,
1595 –
97 in Germany). The consumption of beef and veal is prohibited, and
Pope Paul V issues an edict prohibiting the slaughter of draught oxen that are suitable for plowing. Calves are also not slaughtered for some time afterwards, so that Italy's cattle herds can be replenished.
[94]
At the behest of Sir
Ferdinando Gorges , Dr. Richard Vines, a physician, passes the winter of 1616–
17 at
Biddeford, Maine , at the mouth of the
Saco River , that he calls Winter Harbor. This is the site of the earliest permanent settlement in Maine, of which there is a conclusive record. Maine will become an important refuge for religious dissenters persecuted by the
Puritans .
[95]
In
Spanish Florida , the Cofa Mission at the mouth of the
Suwannee River disappears.
The first African
slaves are brought to
Bermuda , an English
colony , by Captain George Bargrave to dive for
pearls , because of their reputed skill in this activity. Harvesting pearls off the coast proves unsuccessful, and the slaves are put to work planting and harvesting the initial large crops of
tobacco and
sugarcane .
[96] At the same time, some English refuse to purchase Brazilian sugar because it is produced by slave labour.
[97]
Italian
natural philosopher
Giulio Cesare Vanini publishes a radically
heterodox book in France, after his English interlude De admirandis naturae reginae deaeque mortalium arcanis, for which he is condemned and forced to flee Paris. For his opinion that the world is eternal and governed by immanent laws, as expressed in this book, he is executed in
1619 .
Francesco Albani paints the ceiling frescoes of Apollo and the Seasons , at the Palazzo Verospi in
Via del Corso , for Cardinal Fabrizio Verospi.
Elizabethan
polymath and
alchemist
Robert Fludd publishes Apologia Compendiaria, Fraternitatem de Rosea Cruce suspicionis … maculis aspersam, veritatis quasi Fluctibus abluens at
Leiden , countering the arguments of
Andreas Libavius . Later theories[
whose? ] propose that he was linked with
Rosicrucians and the
Family of Love .[
citation needed ]
Johannes Valentinus Andreae claims to be the author of
Chymische Hochzeit Christiani Rosencreutz Anno 1459 published in
Strasbourg .
Witch trials :
John Cotta writes his influential book The Triall of Witch-craft.
Elizabeth Rutter is
hanged as a
witch in
Middlesex , England, Agnes Berrye in
Enfield , and nine women in
Leicester on the testimony of a raving 13-year-old named John Smith, under the
Witchcraft Act 1603 .
[98] In
Orkney ,
Elspeth Reoch is tried. In France Leger (first name unknown) is condemned for
witchcraft on
May 6 , Sylvanie de la Plaine is burned at Pays de Labourde as a witch, and in
Orléans eighteen witches are killed.
A second
witch-hunt breaks out in
Biscay , Spain. An Edict of Silence is issued by the
Inquisition , but the king overturns the Edict, and 300 accused witches are burned alive.
Latest probable date of
Thomas Middleton composition of
The Witch , a tragicomedy that may have entered into the present-day text of
Shakespeare 's
Macbeth .
[99]
"Drink to me only with thine eyes" comes from
Ben Jonson 's love poem,
To Celia . Jonson's poetic lamentation On my first Sonne is also from this year.
Francis de Sales ' literary masterpiece Treatise on the Love of God is published, while he is Bishop of
Geneva .
Orlando Gibbons ' anthem See, the Word is Incarnate is written.
Italian naturalist Fabio Colonna states that "tongue stones" (glossopetrae) are
shark teeth, in his treatise De glossopetris dissertatio .
An important English dictionary is published by Dr.
John Bullokar with the title
An English Expositor : teaching the interpretation of the hardest words used in our language, with sundry explications, descriptions and discourses .
English mathematician
Henry Briggs goes to
Edinburgh , to show
John Napier his efficient method of finding
logarithms , by the continued extraction of
square roots .
Moralist writer John Deacon publishes a
quarto entitled
Tobacco Tortured in the Filthy Fumes of Tobacco Refined (supporting the views of
James I of England ). Deacon writes the same year that
syphilis is a "Turkished", "Spanished", or "Frenchized" disease that the English contract by "trafficking with the contagious courruptions."
Fortunio Liceti publishes De Monstruorum Natura in Italy, which marks the beginning of studies into malformations of the
embryo .
Dutch traders smuggle the
coffee plant out of
Mocha , a port in
Yemen on the
Red Sea , and cultivate it at the
Amsterdam Botanical Gardens . The Dutch later introduce it to
Java .
Muhammad Baqir Majlisi , known as Allameh Majlesi , is born in the city of
Isfahan .
Fort San Diego, in
Acapulco Bay, Mexico, is completed by the Spanish as a defence against their erstwhile
vassals , the Dutch.
[100]
Anti-Christian persecutions break out in
Nanjing , China, and
Nagasaki , Japan. The
Jesuit -lead Christian community in Japan at this time is over 3,000,000 strong.
Master seafarer
Henry Mainwaring ,
Oxford graduate and lawyer turned successful Newfoundland
pirate , returns to England, is pardoned after rescuing a Newfoundland trading fleet near Gibraltar, and begins to write a revealing treatise on
piracy .
The first
Thai embassy to Japan arrives.
William Harvey gives his views on the
circulation of blood , as
Lumleian Lecturer at the
Royal College of Physicians . It is not until
1628 that he gives his views in print.
The Dutch establish their colony of
Essequibo , in the region of the
Essequibo River , in northern South America (present-day
Guyana ), for
sugar and
tobacco production. The colony is protected by
Fort Kyk-Over-Al , now in ruins. The Dutch also map the
Delaware River in North America.
The
Ottoman Empire attempts landings at the shoreline between
Cádiz and
Lisbon .
Croatian mathematician Faustus Verantius publishes his book Machinae novae, a book of mechanical and technological inventions, some of which are applicable to the solutions of hydrological problems, and others concern the construction of
clepsydras ,
sundials ,
mills , presses bridges and boats for widely different uses.
John Speed publishes an edition of his
Atlas of Britain , with descriptive text in Latin.
Pierre Vernier is employed, with his father, in making fine-scale
maps of France (
Franche-Comté area).
Danish
natural philosopher
Ole Worm collects materials that will later be incorporated into his
museum in
Copenhagen . His museum is the nucleus of the
University of Copenhagen Zoological Museum .
Isaac Beeckman , Dutch intellectual and future friend of
René Descartes , leaves his candle factory in
Zierikzee , to return to
Middelburg to study medicine.
[101]
In
Sardinia , the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery of the
University of Sassari is founded.
Gian Lorenzo Bernini sculpts Bacchanal: A Faun Teased by Children , at the age of 18 years. This work is now in New York, at the
Metropolitan Museum of Art .
The
States of Holland set up a commission to advise them on the problem of Jewish residency and worship. One of the members of the commission is
Hugo Grotius , a highly regarded jurist and one of the most important political thinkers of his day.
Marie Venier (called Laporte) is the first female actress to appear on the stage in Paris.
[102]
Jesuit astronomer
Christoph Scheiner becomes the advisor to
Archduke Maximilian , brother of
Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor in
Vienna . A lifelong enemy of Galileo, following a dispute over the nature of
sunspots , Scheiner is credited with reopening the 1616 accusations against Galileo in 1633.
Tommaso Campanella 's book In Defence of Galileo is written.
Istanbul 's
Sultan Ahmed Mosque (also known as the Blue Mosque ) is completed during the rule of
Ahmed I .
In
Tunis , the
mosque of Youssef Deyis is built. Today it has an octagonal
minaret crowned with a miniature green-tiled
pyramid for a roof.
Inigo Jones designs the
Queen's House at
Greenwich , near London.
[68]
Ambrose Barlow , recently graduated from the College of Saint Gregory,
Douai , France, and the Royal College of Saint Alban in
Valladolid , Spain, enters the
Order of Saint Benedict . In
1641 he will be martyred in England.
John Vaughan, 1st Earl of Carbery is appointed to the post of
comptroller , in the newly formed household of
Prince Charles in England; Vaughan later claims that serving the Prince has cost him £20,000.
1617
This section is
transcluded from
1617 .
(
|
history )
January–March
April–June
April 14 – Second
Battle of Playa Honda : The
Spanish navy defeats a
Dutch fleet in the
Philippines .
[107]
April 19 – The town of
Uusikaupunki (
Swedish : Nystad , lit. "New Town") was founded by King
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden .
[108]
April 24 – Encouraged by
Charles d'Albert , seventeen-year-old
Louis XIII , king of France, forces his mother
Marie de Medici , who has held de facto power, into retirement and has her favourite,
Concino Concini , assassinated.
[109]
May 13 – James VI and I|King James I of
England is escorted by
the Earl of Home across the border to return to
Scotland (where he reigns as King James VI) for the first time since the
Union of the Crowns 14 years earlier in 1603. He is given lodging at Home's
Dunglass Castle, East Lothian .
May 22 – Portuguese Christian Missionary João Baptista Machado de Távora is killed, becoming the first of the
205 Martyrs of Japan .
May 24 – King James VI of Scotland authorizes the Scottish East India Company, led by
Lord Glencairn to trade to the East Indies, the Levant, Greenland, Muscovy and all other islands in the north, north-west and north-eastern seas. James VI is advised that the authorization is not in conflict with charters granted by him in his capacity as King James I of England to England's East India Company, the Levant Company, and the Muscovy Company.
May 26 –
Eliya VIII becomes the new
Patriarch of the Church of the East and leader of the
Christians of Mesopotamia .
May 27 – In Germany, the Prince-Bishops of Bamberg, Eichstädt and Würzburg, and the Prince-Provost of Ellwangen, withdraw their states from the
Catholic League .
June 5 –
Ferdinand II , Archduke of Inner Austria, is elected
King of Bohemia . Ferdinand's forceful Catholic counter-reformation causes great unrest, amongst the Protestants and moderates in Bohemia.
July–September
July 1 –
Willem Schouten and the crew of the Dutch ship Eendracht return to the Netherlands after
sailing around the world in two years and 17 days, in what is only the fourth circumnavigation of the globe, and the first since 1588. The expedition had departed from
Texel on June 14, 1615 under the command of
Jacob Le Maire , who died on December 22, 1616, slightly more than six months before the return to the Netherlands.
[110]
July 29 – The secret
Oñate treaty is signed in
Vienna between representatives of King
Philip III of Spain reached an agreement with the junior Habsburg branch of
Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria, the heads of two different branches of the
House of Habsburg . Spain's Ambassador to Austria,
Íñigo Vélez de Guevara, 7th Count of Oñate signs on behalf of King Philip.
August 4 – The
Sharp Resolution is passed in the
States of Holland and West Friesland , authorizing city governments to create their own mercenary armies, the waardgelders , to maintain public order.
August 8 –
King James of England and Scotland returns to England after having spent three months in Scotland, arriving at
Wharton, Cumbria .
August 24 – The "
Fruitbearing Society " (Die Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft ) of German scholars is founded in
Weimar .
September 1 – The weighing ceremony of
Jahangir is described by the first English ambassador to the Mughal court,
Sir Thomas Roe .
[111]
September 23 – The
Peace of Busza is signed, between the
Ottoman Empire and the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth .
October–December
October 9 – The
Treaty of Pavia is signed between
Spain and Savoy, under which
Savoy returns
Monferrato to
Mantua .
[112]
October 12 – The coronation ceremony of
King Gustav Adolf of
Sweden takes place in
Stockholm , almost six years after he succeeded to the throne.
November 17 – A naval battle between the
Sicilians and
Venetians ends inconclusively.
November 22 –
Mustafa I succeeds
Ahmed I , as
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire .
December 15 –
Sir Thomas Roe , a representative of England's
East India Company , arrives in
Ahmedabad at India's Mughal Empire, and seeks an audience with the Emperor,
Shah Jahan . The Emperor receives Roe in an audience three weeks later, on January 6.
December 24 – An unexpected storm strikes off the coast of
Finnmark in
Norway , sinking 10 ships and drowning at least 40 people. A little more than three years later, Mari Jørgensdatter tells interrogators that she and several other witches caused the storm, prompting the
Vardø witch trials .
December 30 –
Lord Clifton is imprisoned at the
Tower of London for threatening
Francis Bacon ,
Lord High Chancellor of England . Clifton is prosecuted by the
Star Chamber on March 17 and eventually commits suicide in Fleet Prison.
Date unknown
1618
This section is
transcluded from
1618 .
(
|
history )
January–March
April–June
July–September
July 1 –
Ferdinand II , a proponent of the
Counter-Reformation , is crowned as
King of Hungary at a meeting of the Bohemian diet at
Pressburg .
July 3 –
Alonso Fajardo de Entenza becomes the new Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines.
July 20 –
Pluto reaches its second most recent
aphelion , according to sophisticated mathematical calculations. The next one occurs in
1866 , and the following one will occur in
2113 .
July 31 –
Lenaert Jacobszoon and the crew of the
Dutch East India Company ship
Mauritius become the first Europeans to sight what is now the Australian state of
Western Australia , landing at the North Cape.
August 29 –
Johan van Oldenbarnevelt and
Hugo Grotius are imprisoned by
Maurice, Prince of Orange .
September 4 – Rodi
avalanche : A
rock - or snowslide buries the
Alpine town of
Piuro , claiming 2,427 victims.
[115]
[116]
September 18 – Beginning of the 13th
Baktun , in the
Mesoamerican Long Count calendar (12.0.0.0.0).
September 19 – The
Siege of Pilsen begins as the first major battle of the
Thirty Years' War , as Bohemian Protestants lay siege to the Bohemian Catholic city and lasts for more than two months.
September 28 – The
Battle of Orynin takes place. Polish and Lithuanian Army forces fail to stop an invasion by
Crimean Tatars , who then proceed in burning villages in Lithuania and enslaving residents.
October–December
Date unknown
1619
This section is
transcluded from
1619 .
(
|
history )
January– March
April–June
July–September
July 30 – In
Jamestown, Virginia , the first English-speaking representative assembly in the Americas, the
Virginia General Assembly (later named
House of Burgesses ), convenes for the first time.
[123]
August 5 –
Thirty Years' War :
Battle of Věstonice –
Bohemian forces defeat the Austrians.
August 10 – The
Treaty of Angoulême ends the civil war between
Louis XIII of France and his mother,
Marie de' Medici .
August 20 – A
group "twenty and odd" enslaved Africans , onboard the
privateer ship
White Lion (the first in the state of Virginia), are landed at
Point Comfort in
colonial Virginia .
[124]
[125]
August 26 –
Frederick V of the Palatinate is elected
King of Bohemia by the states of the Bohemian Confederacy.
August 28 –
Ferdinand II , Archduke of Austria and King of Bohemia, is elected
Holy Roman Emperor unanimously by the
prince-electors .
September 5 – In the course of a revolt against the Habsburg Empire, Prince
Gabriel Bethlen of
Transylvania (now in Romania) conquers
Kassa (now Košice in Slovakia) with the help of
George I Rákóczi .
September 7 –
Gaj Singh Rathore becomes the new Raja of
Marwar (within the Mughal Empire) at
Jodhpur in what is now the Indian state of Rajasthan, succeeding his father,
Sur Singh .
September 9 – The coronation of Ferdinand II takes place in Vienna.
September 18 (7 Thout 1336 on the
Coptic calendar ) – Abba Yoannis El-Mallawany of Egypt becomes the new head of the Coptic Christian Church as
Pope John XV of Alexandria succeeding the late
Pope Mark V , who died on September 11.
October–December
October 8 –
Thirty Years' War – The
Treaty of Munich is signed by Ferdinand II and
Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria .
[126]
November 10 – While stationed along the Danube river with Bavarian troops,
René Descartes , according to his biographer
Adrien Baillet , has a series of dreams giving him the idea of applying the mathematical method to philosophy.
November 16 –
William Parker School ,
Hastings , England, is founded by the will of Reverend William Parker.
November 23 –
Thirty Years' War –
Battle of Humenné : Polish
Lisowczycy troops assist the Holy Roman Emperor by defeating a Transylvanian force, forcing
Gabor Bethlen to raise his siege of
Vienna .
December 4 – Thirty-eight
colonists from
England disembark in
Berkeley Hundred ,
Virginia from the Margaret of Bristol and have a day of celebration to give thanks to
God , in what is considered by some historians to be the first
Thanksgiving in the Americas.
Date unknown
Births
1610
Pope Alexander VIII
Hendrik Martenszoon Sorgh
Gabriel Lalemant
Jacob Kettler
Adriaen van Ostade
January 9 –
George Wilde , Irish bishop (d.
1665 )
January 10 –
Louis Maimbourg , French Jesuit historian (d.
1686 )
January 12 –
Reinhold Curicke , jurist and historian from
Danzig (d.
1667 )
January 13 –
Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria , Electress of Bavaria (d.
1665 )
January 21 –
Elizabeth Fones , American settler (d.
1673 )
January 26 –
Henry Hildyard , English Member of Parliament (d.
1674 )
February 2
February 11 –
Salomon Idler , German inventor (d.
1669 )
February 13 –
Jean de Labadie , French pietist (d.
1674 )
February 14 –
Solomon Swale , English politician (d.
1678 )
March 3 –
Pierre Dupuis , French painter (d.
1682 )
March 4 (bapt.) –
William Dobson , English portraitist and painter (d.
1646 )
March 14
July 2 –
Francis Browne, 3rd Viscount Montagu in the Peerage of England (d.
1682 )
July 6 –
Hugh Forth , English politician (d.
1676 )
July 8 (bapt.) –
Richard Deane , English military commander and regicide (d.
1653 )
July 11 –
William Widdrington, 1st Baron Widdrington , English landowner, politician (d.
1651 )
July 14 –
Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d.
1670 )
July 18 –
Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra , Spanish dramatist and historian (d.
1686 )
July 28 (bapt.) –
Henry Glapthorne , English dramatist (d. c.
1643 )
July 30 –
Lorens von der Linde , Swedish field marshal (d.
1670 )
August 2 –
Edward Master , English politician (d.
1691 )
August 4 –
Cornelis Evertsen the Elder , Dutch admiral (d.
1666 )
August 23 –
Susanna Margarete of Anhalt-Dessau , Princess of Anhalt-Dessau (d.
1663 )
September 4 –
Giovanni Andrea Sirani , Italian painter (d.
1670 )
September 6
September 10 –
Sir Edward Seymour, 3rd Baronet , Member of Parliament (d.
1688 )
September 24 –
Huang Zongxi , Chinese political theorist, philosopher, naturalist, writer and soldier (d.
1695 )
September 28 –
Henry Hastings, 1st Baron Loughborough , English Royalist army commander in the English Civil War (d.
1666 )
September 29 –
Gabriel Druillettes , French missionary (d.
1681 )
October 3 –
Gabriel Lalemant , Jesuit missionary in New France, beginning in 1646 (d.
1649 )
October 6 –
Charles de Sainte-Maure, duc de Montausier , French soldier, the governor of the Louis (d.
1690 )
October 19 –
James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde , Anglo-Irish statesman and soldier (d.
1688 )
October 28 –
Jacob Kettler , German noble (d.
1682 )
November 8 –
Pietro Vidoni , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1681 )
November 20 –
Henry Heyman , English politician (d.
1658 )
November 22 –
Duchess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony (d.
1684 )
November 28 –
Augustine Warner , Virginia planter, politician (d.
1674 )
December 9 –
Baldassare Ferri , Italian castrato singer (d.
1680 )
December 10 –
Adriaen van Ostade , Dutch painter (d.
1685 )
December 15 –
David Teniers the Younger , Flemish artist born in Antwerp (d.
1690 )
December 18 –
Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange , French philologist and historian (d.
1688 )
December 25
December 28 –
Basil of Ostrog , Serbian Orthodox bishop venerated as Saint Vasilije (d.
1671 )
1611
John Pell
William Cartwright
January 3 –
James Harrington , English political theorist of classical republicanism (d.
1677 )
January 5 –
Tsarevich Ivan Dmitriyevich , pretender to the Russian throne (k.
1614 )
January 28 –
Johannes Hevelius , Polish astronomer (d.
1687 )
[128]
February 2 –
Ulrik of Denmark , Danish prince-bishop (d.
1633 )
February 3 –
Christian Ulrik Gyldenløve , Danish diplomat and military officer (d.
1640 )
February 5 (bapt.) –
Philip Sherman , English-born founder of Rhode Island (d.
1687 )
February 6 –
Chongzhen Emperor of China (d.
1644 )
February 19 –
Andries de Graeff , Dutch politician (d.
1678 )
February 24 ? (bapt. March 4) –
William Dobson , English portrait painter (d.
1646 )
February 28 –
William Brereton, 2nd Baron Brereton , English politician (d.
1664 )
March 1 –
John Pell , English mathematician (d.
1685 )
March 9 –
Pierre-Joseph-Marie Chaumonot , French missionary (d.
1693 )
March 15 –
Jan Fyt , Flemish Baroque painter (d.
1661 )
March 17 –
Robert Douglas, Count of Skenninge , Swedish field marshal (d.
1662 )
March 25 –
Evliya Çelebi , Ottoman Turk, travels around the Ottoman Empire for 40 years (d.
1682 )
March 28
July 15 –
Jai Singh I , Maharaja of Jaipur (d.
1667 )
July 16 –
Cecilia Renata of Austria , queen consort of Poland (d.
1644 )
July 21 –
Jan van Balen , Flemish painter (d.
1654 )
July 23 –
Henry Hungerford , English politician (d.
1673 )
July 24 –
Giancarlo de' Medici , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1663 )
August 4 –
Jan van den Hoecke , Dutch painter (d.
1651 )
August 9 –
Henry of Nassau-Siegen , German count, officer in the Dutch Army, diplomat for the Dutch Republic (d.
1652 )
September 1 –
William Cartwright , English dramatist (d.
1643 )
September 3 –
Toussaint Rose , French writer (d.
1701 )
September 4 –
George III of Brieg , Duke of Brzeg (1633–1664) (d.
1664 )
September 8 –
Johann Friedrich Gronovius , German classical scholar (d.
1671 )
September 11 –
Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne (d.
1675 )
[130]
September 17 –
Johann Olearius , German hymnwriter (d.
1684 )
1612
Thomas Killigrew
Pier Francesco Mola
Joannes Meyssens
Margherita de' Medici
Frans Post
January 17 –
Thomas Fairfax , English Civil War general (d.
1671 )
[131]
January 21 –
Henry Casimir I of Nassau-Dietz , Stadtholder of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe (d.
1640 )
January 22 –
Daniel Zwicker , German physician (d.
1678 )
January 23 –
George FitzGerald, 16th Earl of Kildare , Irish earl (d.
1660 )
February 1 –
William West , English politician (d.
1670 )
February 2 –
Thomas Wentworth, 5th Baron Wentworth , English baron and politician (d.
1665 )
February 4 –
Arthur Spry , English politician (d.
1685 )
February 5 –
Crown Prince Sohyeon , Korean crown prince (d.
1645 )
February 6 –
Antoine Arnauld , French theologian (d.
1694 )
February 7 –
Thomas Killigrew , English dramatist and theatre manager (d.
1683 )
[132]
February 9 –
Pier Francesco Mola , Italian painter of the High Baroque (d.
1666 )
February 15 –
Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve , French military officer, founder of Montreal in New France (d.
1676 )
February 20 –
Richard Olmsted , Connecticut settler (d.
1687 )
February 21 –
Lorenzo Imperiali , Italian cardinal (d.
1673 )
February 22 (bapt.) –
George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol , English statesman (d.
1677 )
March 20 –
Anne Bradstreet , née Dudley, English-born American Puritan poet (d.
1672 )
April 6 –
James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond (d.
1655 )
April 10 –
Francesco Lorenzo Brancati di Lauria , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1693 )
April 12 –
Simone Cantarini , Italian painter and engraver (d.
1648 )
April 28 –
Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1622 to 1646 (d.
1646 )
May 6 –
François-Joseph Bressani , Italian missionary (d.
1672 )
May 10 –
Francesco Palliola , Italian Servant of God (d.
1648 )
May 12 –
Laurence Womock , English Bishop of St David's (d.
1687 )
May 17
May 26 –
Raja Wodeyar II , King of Mysore (d.
1638 )
May 31 –
Margherita de' Medici , Italian noble (d.
1679 )
June 1 –
Frans Post , Dutch painter (d.
1680 )
June 23 –
André Tacquet , Brabantian mathematician, Jesuit priest (d.
1660 )
June 25 –
John Albert Vasa , Polish bishop (d.
1634 )
June 29 –
Sir William Bowyer, 1st Baronet , English politician (d.
1679 )
July 23 –
Christian Lupus , Flemish historian (d.
1681 )
July 27 –
Murad IV ,
Ottoman Sultan (d.
1640 )
August 2 –
Saskia van Uylenburgh , wife of painter Rembrandt van Rijn (d.
1642 )
August 10 –
Charles de Grimaldi-Régusse , French aristocrat (d.
1687 )
August 12 –
Allart Pieter van Jongestall , Dutch jurist, politician, and diplomat (d.
1676 )
August 17 –
Jeremi Wiśniowiecki , Polish nobleman (d.
1651 )
August 23 –
Francis Lascelles , English politician (d.
1667 )
August 28 –
Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn , Dutch scholar (d.
1653 )
September 1 –
Nicolas Chorier , French historian, lawyer and writer (d.
1692 )
September 24 –
William Gawdy , English politician (d.
1669 )
October 6
October 14
October 18 –
John Eliot , English politician (d.
1685 )
October 19 –
Nicolas Chaperon , French painter (d.
1656 )
October 20 –
Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington , Anglo-Irish nobleman, Lord High Treasurer of Ireland, Cavalier (d.
1698 )
October 23 –
Henry Lingen , English politician (d.
1662 )
October 25 –
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose , Scottish soldier (d.
1650 )
October 26 –
Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester (d.
1658 )
October 27 –
Margravine Magdalene Sibylle of Brandenburg-Bayreuth , Electress of Saxony by marriage (1656–1680) (d.
1687 )
October 30 –
Paul Würtz , Swedish general (d.
1676 )
November 7 –
Pierre Mignard , French painter (d.
1695 )
November 11
November 17 –
Dorgon , Chinese Manchu prince (d.
1650 )
November 28 –
Sir Thomas Whitmore, 1st Baronet , English politician and Baronet (d.
1653 )
December 2 –
David Ryckaert III , Flemish painter (d.
1661 )
1613
Mattia Preti
Stjepan Gradić
André Le Nôtre
Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang
Claude Perrault
January 14 –
Pier Martire Armani , Italian painter (d.
1699 )
January 15 –
Giovanni Pietro Bellori , Italian art historian (d.
1696 )
January 21 –
George Gillespie , Scottish theologian (d.
1648 )
February 2
February 7 –
Johannes Musaeus , German theologian (d.
1681 )
February 24 –
Mattia Preti , Italian painter (d.
1699 )
February 28 –
John Pearson , English theologian and scholar (d.
1686 )
March 6
March 11 –
Francesco Caetani, 8th Duke of Sermoneta , Governor of the Duchy of Milan (d.
1683 )
March 12 –
André Le Nôtre , French landscape and garden designer (d.
1700 )
[133]
March 19 –
John Swinfen , English politician (d.
1694 )
March 24 –
Antonia of Württemberg , princess, literary figure, patron and Christian Kabbalist (d.
1679 )
March 28 –
Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang , concubine of Qing dynasty ruler Hong Taiji (d.
1688 )
[134]
March 29 –
Louis-Isaac Lemaistre de Sacy , French Bible translator (d.
1684 )
April 1
April 7 –
Gerrit Dou , Dutch painter (d.
1675 )
April 18 –
Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton , English soldier (d.
1696 )
April 21 –
Franciscus Plante , Dutch painter, chaplain (d.
1690 )
April 29 –
Christoph Bach , German musician (d.
1661 )
May 9 –
Mattias de' Medici , Italian noble (d.
1667 )
May 10 –
François Chauveau , French painter (d.
1676 )
May 15 –
George Seton, Lord Seton , Scottish noble (d.
1648 )
May 31 –
John George II, Elector of Saxony (1656-1680) (d.
1680 )
June 1 –
William Wirich, Count of Daun-Falkenstein , German nobleman (d.
1682 )
June 13 –
Johann Ernst, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg (1641–1642) (d.
1642 )
June 16 –
John Cleveland , English poet (d.
1658 )
July 15 –
Gu Yanwu , Chinese philologist and geographer (d.
1682 )
July 16 –
Alderano Cybo , Catholic cardinal (d.
1700 )
August 7 –
William Frederick, Prince of Nassau-Dietz , Dutch stadtholder (d.
1664 )
August 15 –
Gilles Ménage , French scholar (d.
1692 )
August 18 –
Sir Thomas Peyton, 2nd Baronet , English politician (d.
1684 )
August 20 –
Duchess Elisabeth Sophie of Mecklenburg , German poet composer and (by marriage) Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d.
1676 )
August 24 –
Bartholomew Holzhauser , German priest, founder of a religious community, visionary, writer of prophecies (d.
1658 )
August 29 –
John Jolliffe , English politician and businessman (d.
1680 )
September 8 –
Henri Albert de La Grange d'Arquien , Catholic cardinal (d.
1707 )
September 15 –
François de La Rochefoucauld , French writer (d.
1680 )
[135]
September 19 –
Sir John Norwich, 1st Baronet , English Member of Parliament (d.
1661 )
September 25 –
Claude Perrault , French architect (d.
1688 )
October 3 –
Marion Delorme , French courtesan known for her relationships with the important men of her time (d.
1650 )
October 12 –
Jacques d'Arthois , Flemish painter (d.
1686 )
October 13
October 19 –
Charles of Sezze , Italian Franciscan friar and saint (d.
1670 )
October 28 –
Edmund Bowyer , English politician (d.
1681 )
November 5 –
Isaac de Benserade , French poet (d.
1691 )
[136]
November 12 –
Sir Ralph Verney, 1st Baronet, of Middle Claydon , English Baronet (d.
1696 )
November 16 –
Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Harzgerode (1635–1670) (d.
1670 )
November 20 –
Tyman Oosdorp , Dutch Golden Age brewer and magistrate of Haarlem (d.
1668 )
November 24 –
John Knight , Member of the Parliament of England (d.
1683 )
November 25 –
Philip VII, Count of Waldeck -Wildungen (1638–1645) (d.
1645 )
December 4 (bapt.) –
Samuel Butler , English satirist (d.
1680 )
December 10 –
Izaak van Oosten , Flemish painter (d.
1661 )
December 11 –
Amar Singh Rathore , Rajput nobleman affiliated with the royal house of Marwar (d.
1644 )
December 23 –
Carl Gustaf Wrangel , Field Marshal of Sweden (d.
1676 )
December 28 –
Bullen Reymes , English courtier, diplomat and politician (d.
1672 )
1614
Christopher Merret
Jahanara Begum
Martino Martini
January 1
January 5 –
Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria , Governor of the Spanish Netherlands (d.
1662 )
January 10 –
Kanō Yasunobu , Japanese painter of the Kanō school of painting, during the Edo period (d.
1685 )
January 20 –
Samuel Gott , English politician (d.
1671 )
[137]
February 2 –
Robert Ellison , English politician (d.
1678 )
February 8 –
Thomas Wendy , English politician (d.
1673 )
February 14 –
John Wilkins , English bishop, academic and natural philosopher (d.
1672 )
February 16 –
Christopher Merret , English physician and scientist (d.
1695 )
March 3 –
Sir Peter Leycester, 1st Baronet , British historian (d.
1678 )
March 8 –
Hendrik van der Borcht II , German painter (d.
1676 )
March 15 –
Franciscus Sylvius , Dutch physician and scientist (d.
1672 )
March 25
April 1 –
Martin Schoock , Dutch academic (d.
1669 )
April 2 –
Jahanara Begum , Mughal princess (d.
1681 )
April 10 –
William Thompson , English Member of Parliament (d.
1681 )
April 11 –
Helena Fourment , Dutch model, second wife of Peter Paul Rubens (d.
1673 )
April 18 –
Nicolas Robert , French painter (d.
1685 )
April 25
May 10 –
Zacharias Wagenaer , secretary, painter, then merchant and administrator (Dutch East-India Company) (d.
1668 )
May 12 –
Giovanni Bernardo Carboni , Italian painter (d.
1683 )
May 28 –
Gustav Evertsson Horn , Finnish-Swedish politician, Field Marshal (d.
1666 )
June 15 –
Emilie of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst , Regent of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1646–1662) (d.
1670 )
June 24 –
John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse of England (d.
1689 )
July 10 –
Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey , English royalist statesman (d.
1686 )
July 23 –
Bonaventura Peeters the Elder , Flemish marine painter (d.
1652 )
August 3 –
Juan de Arellano , Spanish artist (d.
1676 )
August 13 –
Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels , administrator of the archbishopric of Magdeburg (d.
1680 )
September 7 –
Gustaf Otto Stenbock , Swedish soldier and politician (d.
1685 )
September 11 –
Philipp Buchner , German composer (d.
1669 )
September 12 –
Robert Packer , English politician (d.
1682 )
September 20 –
Martino Martini , Italian missionary, cartographer and historian (d.
1661 )
September 25 –
Giles Hungerford , English politician (d.
1685 )
September 27 –
Daniel Hallé , French painter (d.
1675 )
September 28 –
Juan Hidalgo de Polanco , Spanish composer (d.
1685 )
October 3 –
Sigmund von Erlach , Swiss politician (d.
1699 )
October 6 –
Francesco de' Medici , Tuscan prince (d.
1634 )
October 12 –
Henry More , English philosopher (d.
1687 )
October 13 –
Thomas Jones , English politician and judge (d.
1692 )
October 20 (bapt.) –
Franciscus Mercurius van Helmont , Flemish alchemist (d.
1698 )
November 2 –
Philip Dietrich, Count of Waldeck -Eisenberg (1640–1645) (d.
1645 )
November 4 –
Alexander Charles Vasa , 5th son of King
Sigismund III of Poland (d.
1634 )
November 11 –
John Bulkeley , English politician (d.
1662 )
November 27 –
Fernando de Meneses, 2nd Count of Ericeira , Portuguese noble (d.
1699 )
November 30 –
William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford of England (d.
1680 )
December 16 –
Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg (d.
1674 )
December 21 –
Francis Anderson , English politician (d.
1679 )
December 27 –
Béatrix de Cusance , Frenc-Comtois noble woman (d.
1663 )
December 31 –
Mechtilde of the Blessed Sacrament , French nun (d.
1698 )
1615
Govert Flinck
Pieter de Groot
Erdmann August of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Richard Baxter
January 6 –
Richard Waldron , colonial settler, acting President of the Province of New Hampshire (d.
1689 )
January 10 –
Sir John Robinson, 1st Baronet, of London , English politician (d.
1680 )
January 13 –
Henrik Bjelke , Norwegian military officer (d.
1683 )
January 14 –
John Biddle , English theologian (d.
1662 )
January 20 –
Karmabai , Indian Jat known as Bhakt Shiromani Karmabai (d.
1634 )
January 25 –
Govert Flinck , Dutch painter of the Dutch Golden Age (d.
1660 )
January 27 –
Nicolas Fouquet , French Superintendent of Finances (d.
1680 )
[138]
January 30 –
Thomas Rolfe , only child of Pocahontas and her English husband (d.
1675 )
February 18 –
Maria Caterina Farnese , Duchess of Modena and Reggio (d.
1646 )
February 27 –
Isaac Thornton , English politician (d.
1669 )
March 10 –
Hans Ulrik Gyldenløve , illegitimate son of King Christian IV of Denmark and his mistress (d.
1645 )
March 11 –
Johann Weikhard of Auersperg , Austrian prime minister (d.
1677 )
March 13 –
Pope Innocent XII (d.
1700 )
[139]
March 17 –
Gregorio Carafa , Grandmaster of the Order of Saint John (d.
1690 )
March 20 –
Dara Shikoh , Indian prince (d.
1659 )
March 22 –
Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh , English female scientist (d.
1691 )
March 28 –
Pieter de Groot , Dutch diplomat (d.
1678 )
March 28 –
Cosimo Ruggeri , Italian astrologer
July 1 –
Samuel Hales , Connecticut settler and politician (d.
1693 )
July 9 –
Sir Thomas Sclater, 1st Baronet , English politician (d.
1684 )
July 22 –
Marguerite of Lorraine , princess of Lorraine, duchess of Orléans (d.
1672 )
July 28 –
Charles de Noyelle , French Jesuit Superior General (d.
1686 )
August 13 –
John Sherburne , American colonial (d.
1693 )
August 15 –
Marie de Lorraine, Duchess of Guise (d.
1688 )
August 18 –
John Sadler , British town clerk (d.
1674 )
September 3 –
Mary Bradbury , accused Salem, Massachusetts witch (d.
1700 )
September 7 –
John Birch , English politician (d.
1691 )
September 12
September 17 –
Nicholas Pedley , English politician (d.
1685 )
September 20 –
Giambattista Spinola , Italo-Spanish Roman Catholic cardinal (d.
1704 )
September 26 –
Heinrich Bach , German organist and composer (d.
1692 )
October 1 –
Hugh Bethell , English
Member of Parliament and High Sheriff (d.
1679 )
October 8 –
Erdmann August of Brandenburg-Bayreuth , Hereditary Margrave (d.
1651 )
October 23 –
Ove Juul , Governor-General of Norway (d.
1686 )
October 27 –
Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg , member of the House of Wettin (d.
1691 )
November 5 –
Ibrahim ,
Ottoman Sultan (d.
1648 )
November 12 –
Richard Baxter , English Puritan church leader (d.
1691 )
[140]
November 19 –
Richard Norton of Southwick Park , English politician (d.
1691 )
November 20 –
Francis Dane , American colonial priest (d.
1697 )
November 24 –
Philip William, Elector Palatine (d.
1690 )
December 6 –
Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg (d.
1690 )
December 7 –
Nicodemus Tessin the Elder , Swedish architect (d.
1681 )
December 9 –
Anne Carr, Countess of Bedford , English noble (d.
1684 )
December 19 –
Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt , German duke (d.
1682 )
December 21 –
Benedict Arnold , Rhode Island colonial governor (d.
1678 )
December 29 –
Charles Scarborough , English physician, mathematician (d.
1694 )
Date unknown:
1616
Ferdinand Bol
John Leverett
Nicholas Culpeper
John Wallis
January 1 –
Nabeshima Naozumi , Japanese
daimyō (d.
1669 )
January 5 –
Alexander von Bournonville , Flemish noble and general (d.
1690 )
January 13 –
Antoinette Bourignon , French-Flemish mystic and adventurer (d.
1680 )
January 16 –
François de Vendôme, Duke of Beaufort , French soldier (d.
1669 )
January 20 –
Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski , Polish noble (szlachcic) (d.
1667 )
January 27 or
January 28 –
Christen Aagaard , Danish poet (d.
1664 )
February 1 –
Sophie Elisabeth of Brandenburg , Duchess consort of Saxe-Altenburg (d.
1650 )
February 2 –
Sébastien Bourdon , French painter and engraver (d.
1671 )
February 14 –
Marc Restout , French painter (d.
1684 )
February 25 –
Isaack Luttichuys , Dutch Golden Age painter (d.
1673 )
February 27 –
István Esterházy , member of the wealthy Hungarian Esterházy family (d.
1641 )
February 28
March 1 –
Maurizio Cazzati , Italian composer (d.
1678 )
March 9 –
Robert Giguère , early pioneer in New France (d.
1709 )
March 13 –
Joseph Beaumont , British academic and poet (d.
1699 )
March 16 –
Thomas Jervoise , English politician (d.
1693 )
March 29 –
Johann Erasmus Kindermann , German composer and organist (d.
1655 )
April 1 –
Christian Günther II, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen-Arnstadt (1642–1666) (d.
1666 )
April 2 –
Herbert Morley , English politician (d.
1667 )
April 5 –
Frederick, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (d.
1661 )
April 7 –
Thomas Hopkins , early Providence, Rhode Island settler (d.
1684 )
April 19 –
Louis IV of Legnica , Duke of Oława and Brzeg (1633–1654) (d.
1663 )
April 24 –
Gustav, Count of Vasaborg , illegitimate son of King Gustavus Adolphus and his mistress
Margareta Slots (d.
1653 )
April 27 –
Jeremias Felbinger , German Socinian writer (d.
1690 )
May 1 –
Frederick III, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1625–1634) (d.
1634 )
May 16 –
Archibald Primrose, Lord Carrington , Scottish judge (d.
1679 )
May 19 –
Johann Jakob Froberger , German composer and keyboardist (d.
1667 )
May 23 –
Sir Edward Bagot, 2nd Baronet , English politician (d.
1673 )
May 24 –
John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale (d.
1682 )
May 25 –
Carlo Dolci , Italian painter (d.
1686 )
May 27 –
Christina Magdalena of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken , Swedish Princess by birth; margravine of Baden-Durlach by marriage (d.
1662 )
June –
John Thurloe , English spymaster for Oliver Cromwell (d.
1668 )
June 3 –
George Courthope , English politician (d.
1685 )
June 23 –
Shah Shuja , second son of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal (d.
1661 )
June 24
June 25 –
James Livingstone, 1st Viscount Kilsyth of Scotland (d.
1661 )
June 28 –
Lucas Franchoys the Younger , Flemish painter (d.
1681 )
July 7 (bapt. ) –
John Leverett , Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (d.
1679 )
July 10 –
Antonio del Castillo y Saavedra , Spanish artist (d.
1668 )
July 21 –
Anna de' Medici, Archduchess of Austria (d.
1676 )
August –
William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford , British peer and soldier (d.
1700 )
August 6 –
John Higginson , English minister (d.
1708 )
August 12 –
Johann Paul Freiherr von Hocher , Austrian chancellor (d.
1683 )
August 18 –
John Hervey , English courtier and politician (d.
1680 )
August 30 –
Giovan Battista Nani , Italian historian and diplomat (d.
1678 )
September 9 –
Nicolás de Villacis , Spanish painter (d.
1694 )
September 25 –
Alexander Morus , Franco-Scottish Calvinist preacher (d.
1670 )
October 4 –
Philippe Balthazar de Gand , French noble (d.
1680 )
October 11 –
Andreas Gryphius , German lyric poet and dramatist (d.
1664 )
October 15 –
Hoshina Masakage , Japanese
daimyō of the Edo period (d.
1700 )
October 18 –
Nicholas Culpeper , English botanist (d.
1654 )
October 20 –
Thomas Bartholin , Danish physician, mathematician, and theologian (d.
1680 )
October 21 –
Camillo Astalli , Italian cardinal (d.
1663 )
November 13 –
Nicholas Dennys , English politician (d.
1692 )
November 23 –
John Wallis , English mathematician (d.
1703 )
December 12 –
Martin Lluelyn , Welsh poet (d.
1682 )
December 13 –
Edward Chamberlayne , English writer (d.
1703 )
December 14 –
William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton , Scottish nobleman (d.
1651 )
December 17 –
Roger L'Estrange , English pamphleteer and author (d.
1704 )
December 25 –
Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau , German poet (d.
1679 )
Charles Albanel , French missionary (d.
1696 )
Henry Bard, 1st Viscount Bellomont , English Royalist (d.
1656 )
Jan Kazimierz Chodkiewicz , Polish nobleman (szlachcic) (d.
1660 )
Thomas Harrison , English Puritan soldier and Fifth Monarchist (d.
1660 )
William Holder , English music theorist (d.
1698 )
Kamalakara , Indian astronomer/mathematician (d.
1700 )
Johann Klaj , German poet (d.
1656 )
Kuzma Minin , merchant from Nizhny Novgorod
Sokuhi Nyoitsu , Buddhist monk (d.
1671 )
John Owen , English Nonconformist theologian (d.
1683 )
Edward Sexby , English Puritan soldier/Leveller (d.
1658 )
Obadiah Walker , Master of University College, Oxford (d.
1699 )
1617
Lucas Faydherbe
Elias Ashmole
Richard Lovelace
January 6 –
Christoffer Gabel , Danish statesman (d.
1673 )
January 19 –
Lucas Faydherbe , Belgian sculptor and architect (d.
1697 )
January 22 –
Lodewijck Neefs , Flemish painter (d.
1649 )
January 23 –
Ralph Josselin , English clergyman (d.
1683 )
January 30
February 5 –
Jan Thomas van Ieperen , Flemish engraver, painter (d.
1673 )
February 22 –
Robert Culliford , English politician (d.
1698 )
March 8 –
Tito Livio Burattini , Italian inventor, Egyptologist, instrument-maker (d.
1681 )
March 17
April 4 –
Sir George Wharton, 1st Baronet , English baronet (d.
1681 )
April 20 –
Sir John Goodricke, 1st Baronet , English landowner and politician (d.
1670 )
May 3 –
Roger Pepys , English lawyer and politician (d.
1688 )
May 9 –
Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Eschwege (d.
1655 )
May 23 –
Elias Ashmole , English antiquarian (d.
1692 )
[141]
June 2 –
Maeda Toshitsugu , Japanese daimyō of the early Edo period (d.
1674 )
June 13 –
Sir Vincent Corbet, 1st Baronet , English politician (d.
1656 )
June 18 –
George Evelyn , English politician (d.
1699 )
June 20 –
Franciscus Bonae Spei , French Catholic scholastic theologian, philosopher (d.
1677 )
July 31 –
Nicolás Antonio , Spanish bibliographer born in Seville (d.
1684 )
August 10 –
Richard Ingoldsby , English politician (d.
1685 )
August 13 –
Johannes Andreas Quenstedt , German theologian (d.
1688 )
August 25 –
Frances Hyde, Countess of Clarendon , English noble (d.
1667 )
September 3 –
Roshanara Begum , Mughal princess (d.
1671 )
September 13 –
Margravine Louise Charlotte of Brandenburg , Duchess of Courland by marriage (1645–1676) (d.
1676 )
September 25 –
Sir Francis Drake, 2nd Baronet , English Member of Parliament (d.
1662 )
September 29 –
Lothar Friedrich von Metternich-Burscheid , Prince-Bishop of Speyer (1652–1675) (d.
1675 )
October 5 –
Dorothy Spencer, Countess of Sunderland , English countess (d.
1684 )
October 10 –
William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire , English nobleman (d.
1684 )
October 12 –
Sir Francis Gerard, 2nd Baronet , English Member of Parliament (d.
1680 )
October 17 –
Dionisio Lazzari , Italian sculptor and architect (d.
1689 )
October 28
November 4 –
Johannes Hoornbeek , Dutch theologian (d.
1666 )
November 6 –
Leopoldo de' Medici , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1675 )
November 16 –
Frederick VI, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1659–1677) (d.
1677 )
November 19 –
Eustache Le Sueur , French painter (d.
1655 )
December –
Gerard ter Borch , Dutch painter (d.
1681 )
December 4 –
Federico Visconti , Cardinal Archbishop of Milan (d.
1693 )
December 9 –
Richard Lovelace , English poet (d.
1657 )
[142]
December 22 –
Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine (d.
1680 )
December 23 –
Magdalene Sibylle of Saxony ,
Crown Princess of Denmark (d.
1668 )
December 25 –
Jean de Coligny-Saligny , French noble and army commander (d.
1686 )
1618
Jan Six
Sir
Peter Lely
Aurangzeb
January 1 (bapt.) –
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo , Spanish painter (d.
1682 )
January 2 –
Jean Hamon , French doctor and writer (d.
1687 )
January 3 –
Jean Crasset , French Jesuit theologian (d.
1692 )
January 8 –
Madeleine Béjart , French actress and theatre director (d.
1672 )
[143]
January 14 –
Jan Six , important cultural figure in the Dutch Golden Age (d.
1700 )
January 25 –
Nicolaes Visscher I , Dutch engraver, cartographer and publisher (d.
1679 )
January 28 –
James Ley, 3rd Earl of Marlborough , English nobleman, sailor, and mathematician (d.
1665 )
January 29 –
Jean Paul Médaille , French Jesuit missionary (d.
1689 )
February 12 –
Olaus Verelius , scholar of Old Norse and Scandinavian studies (d.
1682 )
[144]
February 17 –
Matthias Abele , Austrian jurist, mine official (d.
1677 )
February 19 –
Johannes Phocylides Holwarda , Dutch astronomer (d.
1651 )
March 4 –
George Louis, Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg , German noble (d.
1656 )
March 14 –
Nadira Banu Begum , Mughal princess (d.
1659 )
March 19 –
Thomas Hinckley , last colonial governor of Plymouth Colony (d.
1706 )
April 2 –
Francesco Maria Grimaldi , Italian mathematician and physicist (d.
1663 )
[145]
April 4 –
Ferrante III Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla , Italian noble (d.
1678 )
April 9 –
Christian, Duke of Brieg , Duke of Legnica (1663–1672) and Brieg (1664–1672) (d.
1672 )
April 13 –
Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy , French writer (d.
1693 )
April 14 –
Thomas Moore , English politician (d.
1695 )
[146]
April 29 –
Vittoria Farnese d'Este , Duchess of Modena and Reggio (d.
1649 )
May 22 –
Henrik Horn , Swedish military leader and noble (d.
1693 )
June 1 –
Johann Franck , German poet and hymnist (d.
1677 )
June 15
June 24 –
Philip Packer , British barrister and architect (d.
1686 )
June 28 –
Jean Le Pautre , French designer and engraver (d.
1682 )
July 6 –
Alexander Lindsay, 1st Earl of Balcarres , Scottish politician and noble (d.
1659 )
[147]
July 17
July 21 –
Hayashi Gahō , Japanese philosopher (d.
1688 )
July 22 –
Johan Nieuhof , Dutch traveler who wrote about his journeys to Brazil (d.
1672 )
September 6 –
Walter Hoyt , Connecticut settler (d.
1698 )
September 9 –
Joan Cererols , Catalan musician and Benedictine monk (d.
1680 )
September 11 –
Francesco Grue , Italian artist (d.
1673 )
September 14 –
Peter Lely , Dutch painter (d.
1680 )
[148]
September 27 –
Jacob Alting , Dutch linguist (d.
1679 )
September 29 –
Michiel Sweerts , Flemish painter (d.
1664 )
October 8 –
Claude Lamoral, 3rd Prince of Ligne , Spanish general and prince (d.
1679 )
October 7 –
Rosina Schnorr , German businessperson (d.
1679 )
October 31 –
Mariana de Jesús de Paredes , Catholic saint, the first person to be canonized from Ecuador (d.
1645 )
November –
Simon Arnauld, Marquis de Pomponne , French diplomat and minister of
Louis XIV (d.
1699 )
November 1 –
Sir John Wittewrong, 1st Baronet , English parliamentarian (d.
1693 )
November 3 –
Aurangzeb ,
Mughal emperor of India (d.
1707 )
November 8 –
Louise de La Fayette , French courtier, friend of King Louis XIII (d.
1665 )[
citation needed ]
November 12 –
Gottfried Welsch , German physician (d.
1690 )
November 16 –
Johann Ludwig Schönleben , Carniolan priest (d.
1681 )
November 26 –
Johan Frederik von Marschalck , German-born landowner, Chancellor of Norway (d.
1679 )
December 2
December 3 –
Sir William Ayloffe, 3rd Baronet , officer in the Royalist army during the English Civil War (d.
1662 )
December 18 –
Karl Kaspar von der Leyen , German Catholic archbishop (d.
1676 )
December 26 –
Elisabeth of the Palatinate , German princess, philosopher, and Calvinist (d.
1680 )
December 28 –
Catharina Hooft , noblewoman of the Dutch Golden Age (d.
1691 )
[149]
1619
Charles Le Brun
Peter Mews
Anna Sophia I, Abbess of Quedlinburg
Jan van Riebeeck
Carel van Savoyen
Rijcklof van Goens
Anne Geneviève de Bourbon
January 10 –
Philip Sidney, 3rd Earl of Leicester , English politician (d.
1698 )
January 14
January 17 –
Johanna Elisabeth of Nassau-Hadamar , by marriage Princess of Anhalt-Harzgerode (d.
1647 )
January 21
January 24 –
Yamazaki Ansai , Japanese philosopher (d.
1682 )
January 30 –
Michelangelo Ricci , Roman Catholic cardinal, mathematician (d.
1682 )
February 1 –
Robert Phelips , English politician (d.
1707 )
February 2 –
Walter Charleton , English natural philosopher (d.
1707 )
February 9 –
Queen Inseon , Korean royal consort (d.
1674 )
February 15 –
Tsugaru Nobuyoshi , Japanese daimyō (d.
1655 )
February 24
February 26 –
Francesco Morosini , Doge of Venice from 1688 to 1694 (d.
1694 )
February 28 –
Giuseppe Felice Tosi , Italian composer (d.
1693 )
March 2 –
Marcantonio Giustinian , 107th Doge of Venice (d.
1688 )
March 5 –
Joseph Ames , English naval commander (d.
1695 )
March 6 –
Cyrano de Bergerac , French soldier and poet (d.
1655 )
March 13 –
Tobias Lohner , Austrian Jesuit theologian (d.
1697 )
[151]
March 15 –
Jean Le Vacher , French Lazarist missionary and French consul (d.
1683 )
March 20 –
Georg Albrecht, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth-Kulmbach (d.
1666 )
March 25 –
Peter Mews , English Royalist theologian and bishop (d.
1706 )
March 28 –
Maurice, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz (1657–1681) (d.
1681 )
July 3 –
Hyojong of Joseon , 17th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (1649–1659) (d.
1659 )
July 13 –
Birgitta Durell , Swedish industrialist (d.
1683 )
July 27 –
Sir Henry Felton, 2nd Baronet , English Member of Parliament (d.
1690 )
August 5 –
Thomas Hall , English politician (d.
1667 )
August 6 –
Barbara Strozzi , Italian singer and composer (d.
1677 )
August 7 –
Anna Catherine Constance Vasa , Polish princess, daughter of King Sigismund III Vasa (d.
1651 )
August 15
August 21 –
Sir John Borlase, 1st Baronet , English politician (d.
1672 )
August 28
August 29 –
Jean-Baptiste Colbert , French minister of finance (d.
1683 )
September 20 –
Sophie Elisabeth Pentz , daughter of Christian IV of Denmark (d.
1657 )
September 21 –
Sir John Wray, 3rd Baronet , English politician (d.
1664 )
October 8 –
Philipp von Zesen , German poet (d.
1689 )
October 10
October 14 –
Sir John Bright, 1st Baronet , English politician (d.
1688 )
October 16 –
Johann Friedrich König , German Lutheran theologian (d.
1664 )
October 18 –
Jean Armand de Maillé-Brézé , French admiral (d.
1646 )
October 27 –
Frederick Louis, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (d.
1681 )
November 5 –
Philips Koninck , Dutch painter (d.
1688 )
November 7 –
Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux , French writer known for his Historiettes (d.
1692 )
November 14 –
Thomas Howard, 3rd Earl of Berkshire , English politician, earl (d.
1706 )
November 25 –
Henry Mildmay , English politician (d.
1692 )
December 10 –
Thomas Dyke , English politician (d.
1669 )
December 13 –
Andrij Savka , Lemko bandit (d.
1661 )
December 17 –
Prince Rupert of the Rhine , Bohemian-born Royalist commander in the English Civil War (d.
1682 )
December 28 –
Antoine Furetière , French writer (d.
1688 )
December 31
Donald Cargill , Scottish Covenanter (d.
1681 )
Gu Mei , politically influential Chinese courtesan, poet and painter (d.
1664 )
Samuel Collins , English doctor and author (d.
1670 )
Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 8th Duke of Alburquerque , Spanish military officer and viceroy (d.
1676 )
Willem Kalf , Dutch painter (d.
1693 )
Kumazawa Banzan , Japanese philosopher (d.
1691 )
Shalom Shabazi , Jewish Yemeni rabbi and poet (d. c.
1720 )
Wang Fuzhi , Chinese philosopher (d.
1692 )
Deaths
1610
Princess Anna Maria of Sweden
Servant of God
Matteo Ricci
King
Henry IV of France
Thomas Tesdale
Adam Elsheimer
January 1
January 9 –
Herman van der Mast , Dutch Renaissance painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. c.
1550 )
January 10 –
Mateo de Oviedo , Archbishop of Dublin (b.
1547 )
February 4 –
Hannibal Vyvyan , English politician (b.
1545 )
February 5 –
Strange Jørgenssøn , Norwegian businessman (b.
1539 )
February 22 –
Polykarp Leyser the Elder , German theologian (b.
1552 )
February 27 –
Philippe Canaye , French diplomat (b.
1551 )
March 6 –
Benedict Pereira , Spanish theologian (b.
1535 )
March 7 –
Maria, Abbess of Quedlinburg , German abbess (b.
1571 )
March 19
March 20 –
Princess Anna Maria of Sweden , Swedish royal (b.
1545 )
March 24 –
Henry Cocke , English politician (b.
1538 )
March 28 –
Wolfgang, Count of Hohenlohe-Weikersheim , German count (b.
1546 )
March 30 –
Thomas Gorges , English knight (b.
1536 )
Caravaggio
July –
Richard Knolles , English historian (b.
1545 )
July 14 –
Francis Solanus , Spanish friar and missionary in South America (b.
1549 )
July 17 –
Amandus Polanus , German writer (b.
1561 )
July 18 –
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio , Italian painter active in Rome (b.
1571 )
July 22 –
Charles I, Duke of Mecklenburg (b.
1540 )
July 27 –
Jacob van Langren , Dutch cartographer and globe-maker (b.
1525 )
August 20 –
Stanisław Stadnicki , Polish nobleman (b.
1551 )
August 25 –
Mabel Browne, Countess of Kildare , Irish noble (b.
1536 )
September 13 –
Tomás de Borja y Castro , Spanish Catholic archbishop (b.
1551 )
September 19 –
Frederick IV, Elector Palatine (b.
1574 )
September 22 –
Jan Moretus , Belgian printer (b.
1543 )
1611
Juan de Ribera
Christian II, Elector of Saxony
Eleanor de' Medici
Charles IX of Sweden
January 6 –
Juan de Ribera , Spanish Catholic archbishop (b.
1532 )
January 16 –
Niiro Tadamoto , Japanese samurai (b.
1526 )
February 7 –
Ruprecht von Eggenberg , Austrian general (b.
1546 )
February 12 –
Henry Lee of Ditchley , English noble (b.
1533 )
February 26 –
Antonio Possevino , Italian Jesuit protagonist of Counter Reformation, papal diplomat (b.
1533 )
March 2 –
Ernest II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg , (b.
1564 )
March 3 –
William Douglas, 10th Earl of Angus , son of William Douglas (b.
1552 )
March 5 –
Shimazu Yoshihisa , Japanese warlord and samurai (b.
1533 )
March 13 –
Louis III, Count of Löwenstein since 1541 (b.
1530 )
March 17 –
Princess Sophia of Sweden (b.
1547 )
March 20 –
Johann Georg Gödelmann , German demonologist (b.
1559 )
July 9 –
János Imreffy , Hungarian politician (b.
1559 )
July 26 –
Horio Yoshiharu , Japanese warlord (b.
1542 )
August –
Antoni Clarassó i Terès , Spanish priest
August 2 –
Katō Kiyomasa , Japanese warlord and samurai (b.
1561 )
August 9 –
John Blagrave , English mathematician (b.
1561 )
August 12 –
Herman van den Bergh , Dutch soldier in the
Eighty Years' War (b.
1558 )
August 27 –
Tomás Luis de Victoria , Spanish composer (b. c.
1548 )
[154]
September 9 –
Eleanor de' Medici , Italian noblewoman (b.
1567 )
September 17 –
Johannes Corputius , Dutch engineer, cartographer and military leader (b.
1542 )
September 18 –
John Augustus, Count Palatine of Lützelstein , German count (b.
1575 )
September 25 –
Šurhaci , Chinese prince (b.
1564 )
1612
Leonard Holliday
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah
Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua
Anne Catherine of Brandenburg
Edward Seymour, Lord Beauchamp
John Salusbury
January 4 –
Hendrik Laurenszoon Spiegel , Dutch writer (b.
1549 )
January 9 –
Leonard Holliday , Lord Mayor of London, 1605-1606 (b.
1550 )
January 11 –
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah , fifth sultan of the Qutb Shahi Dynasty of Golkonda; founded the city of Hyderabad (b.
1565 )
January 12 –
Charles III de Croÿ , Belgian noble (b.
1560 )
January 13 –
Jane Dormer , English lady-in-waiting to Mary I (b.
1538 )
January 20 –
Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor , Austrian Habsburg ruler (b.
1552 )
[157]
February 6 –
Christopher Clavius , German mathematician and astronomer (b.
1538 )
February 9 –
Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (b.
1562 )
February 12 –
Jodocus Hondius , Flemish cartographer (b.
1563 )
February 17 –
Ernest of Bavaria , German Catholic bishop (b.
1554 )
February 18 –
Roberto di Ridolfi , Italian conspirator against
Elizabeth I of England (b.
1531 )
[158]
February 21 –
Christian Barnekow , Danish noble, explorer and diplomat (b.
1556 )
March 16 –
Margaret Fiennes, 11th Baroness Dacre (b.
1541 )
March 18 –
Bartholomew Legate , English anti-Trinitarian martyr (b. c.
1575 )
March 19 –
Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill , Polish-Lithuanian noble (b.
1585 )
April 5 –
Diana Scultori , Italian engraver
April 8 –
Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (b.
1575 )
April 11
April 19 –
Anne d'Escars de Givry , French Catholic cardinal (b.
1546 )
April 21 –
David van Goorle , theologian and theoretical scientist (b.
1591 )
May –
False Dmitry III , pretender to the Russian throne (secretly executed)
[160]
May 19 –
Gregorio Petrocchini , Italian Cardinal Bishop, Conclave member, Cardinal protector of the Augustines (b.
1535 )
May 24 –
Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury , English statesman and spymaster (b.
1563 )
May 31 –
Willem Isaacsz Swanenburg , Dutch engraver (b.
1580 )
June 5 –
Arima Harunobu , Japanese daimyō (b.
1567 )
June 8 –
Hans Leo Hassler , German composer (b.
1562 )
June 21 –
Edward Seymour, Lord Beauchamp (b.
1561 )
June 26 –
Roger Manners, 5th Earl of Rutland , eldest surviving son of John Manners (b.
1576 )
July 16 –
Leonardo Donato , Doge of Venice (b.
1536 )
July 24
July 29 –
Jacques Bongars , French scholar and diplomat (b.
1554 )
[162]
August 3 –
John Bond , English politician and classicist (b.
1550 )
August 4 –
Hugh Broughton , English scholar (b.
1549 )
August 9 –
Philipp Ludwig II, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg (1580–1612) (b.
1576 )
August 12 –
Giovanni Gabrieli , Italian composer (b. c.
1554 )
August 15 –
Michael Hicks , English politician (b.
1543 )
August 18 –
Giacomo Boncompagni , Italian feudal lord of the 16th century (b.
1548 )
August 20 –
Naitō Nobunari , Japanese samurai and daimyō of Omi Province (b.
1545 )
September 9 –
Nakagawa Hidenari , Japanese warlord (b.
1570 )
September 12 – Tsar
Vasili IV of Russia (b.
1552 )
September 13 –
Karin Månsdotter , Queen of Sweden (b.
1550 )
September 24 –
Johannes Lippius , German theologian, philosopher, composer, and music theorist (b.
1585 )
[163]
September 27 –
Piotr Skarga , Polish Jesuit and polemicist (b.
1536 )
[164]
September 28 –
Ernst Soner , German physician (b.
1572 )
October 7
October 10 –
Bernardino Poccetti , Italian painter (b.
1548 )
October 23 –
János Petki , Hungarian politician (b.
1572 )
October 28 –
Edward Darcy , English politician (b.
1544 )
November 1 –
Charles, Count of Soissons , French prince du sang and military commander in the struggles over religion and the throne (b.
1566 )
November 2 –
Maurice, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg , 1581–1612 (b.
1551 )
November 6
November 9 –
Paul Jenisch , German pastor (b.
1551 )
November 16 –
William Stafford , English spy (b.
1554 )
November 20 –
John Harington , English courtier, writer and inventor of a flush toilet (b.
1561 )
[167]
November 23
November 26 –
Thomas Walmsley , English judge (b.
1537 )
December 4 –
Jacob Taets van Amerongen , Teutonic Knights commander (b.
1542 )
December 12 –
Nicholas Mosley , Lord Mayor of London (b.
1527 )
December 22 –
Francesco IV Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (b.
1586 )
[168]
1613
Juan García López-Rico
Ikeda Terumasa
Sigismund Báthory
January 2 –
Salima Sultan Begum , Empress of the Mughal Empire (b.
1539 )
January 12 –
George Blackwell , English Catholic archpriest (b.
1545 )
January 18 –
Antoon Claeissens , Flemish Baroque painter (b.
1536 )
January 27 –
Anna of Saxony , German noblewoman (b.
1567 )
January 28 –
Thomas Bodley ,
English diplomat and library founder (b.
1545 )
[169]
February 14 –
Juan García López-Rico , Spanish Catholic priest from the Trinitarian Order, founded the Order of Discalced Carmelites (b.
1561 )
February 16 –
Johannes Letzner , German Protestant priest and historian (b.
1531 )
February 27 –
Pietro Facchetti , Italian painter (b.
1539 )
March 2 –
Rudolph Snellius , Dutch linguist and mathematician (b.
1546 )
March 13 –
Giovanni Battista Caccini , Italian artist (b.
1556 )
March 16
March 23 –
Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont , Spanish inventor (b.
1553 )
March 27 –
Sigismund Báthory , Prince of Transylvania (b.
1572 )
April 27 –
Robert Abercromby , Scottish Jesuit missionary (b.
1532 )
June 3 –
Allahverdi Khan , Georgian-born Iranian general (b.
1590 )
June 8 –
Cigoli , Italian painter (b.
1559 )
June 15 –
Magdalena Moons , Dutch heroine (b.
1541 )
July 2 –
Bartholomaeus Pitiscus , German astronomer and mathematician (b.
1561 )
July 19 –
Nicolaus van Aelst , Flemish engraver (b.
1526 )
July 20 –
Sebastian Lubomirski , Polish-Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic ) (b. c.
1546 )
July 30 –
Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b.
1564 )
August 1
August 7 –
Thomas Fleming , English judge (b.
1544 )
August 14 –
David Lindsay , Scottish bishop (b.
1531 )
August 18 –
Giovanni Artusi , Italian composer (b. c.
1540 )
August 22 –
Dominicus Baudius , Dutch historian and poet (b.
1561 )
August 25 –
William Waldegrave , English Member of Parliament (b.
1540 )
September 8
September 14 –
Thomas Overbury , English poet and essayist (murdered) (b.
1581 )
October 9 –
Henry Constable , English poet (b.
1562 )
October 11 –
John Petre, 1st Baron Petre , English politician (b.
1549 )
October 22 –
Mathurin Régnier , French satirist (b.
1573 )
October 26 –
Johann Bauhin , Swiss botanist (b.
1541 )
October 27 –
Gabriel Báthory , Prince of Transylvania (b.
1589 )
November 4 –
Cristóbal Rodríguez Juárez , Spanish Catholic archbishop (b.
1547 )
November 16 –
Trajano Boccalini , Italian satirist (b.
1556 )
November 21 –
Rose Lok , English Marian exile (b.
1526 )
November 23 –
Charles Philippe de Croÿ, Marquis d’Havré , Belgian noble and politician (b.
1549 )
November 26 –
Henry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley , English politician (b.
1534 )
December 6 –
Anton Praetorius , German pastor (b.
1560 )
December 7 –
Simon VI, Count of Lippe , imperial count and ruler of the County of Lippe (Germany) since 1563 (b.
1554 )
date unknown
1614
Maeda Toshinaga
Johannes Magirus the elder
Man Singh I
Camillus de Lellis
January 2 –
Serafino Porrecta , Italian theologian (b.
1536 )
January 21 –
Morosina Morosini-Grimani , Venetian patrician and dogaressa (b.
1545 )
February 5 –
Jakob Ebert , German theologian (b.
1549 )
February 13 –
Thomas Cambell , Lord Mayor of London (b.
1536 )
February 23 –
Murakoshi Naoyoshi , Japanese samurai (b.
1562 )
February 27 –
John Harington, 2nd Baron Harington of Exton , England (b.
1592 )
February 28 –
Jean Richardot the Younger , Belgian politician (b.
1570 )
March 5 –
Thomas Pounde , English Jesuit lay brother (b.
1538 )
March 14 –
Henrich Smet , Flemish physician (b.
1535 )
March 22 –
Filippo Salviati , Italian astronomer (b.
1582 )
April 2 –
Henri I de Montmorency ,
Marshal of France (b.
1534 )
April 7 –
El Greco , or Domênikos Theotokópoulos (Greek: Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος),
Cretian painter, sculptor and architect (b.
1541 )
[171]
April 28 –
John Egerton , English politician (b.
1551 )
May 3 –
Sasbout Vosmeer , Dutch Apostolic Vicar (b.
1548 )
June 13 –
Sengoku Hidehisa , Japanese daimyō (b.
1552 )
June 15 –
Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton , important English aristocrat and courtier (b.
1540 )
June 17 –
William Bathe , Irish Jesuit priest (b.
1564 )
June 27 –
Maeda Toshinaga , Japanese daimyō (b.
1562 )
July 1
July 4 –
Johannes Magirus the elder , German Lutheran theologian (b.
1537 )
July 6
July 14 –
Camillus de Lellis , Italian saint (b.
1550 )
July 15 –
Pierre de Bourdeille, seigneur de Brantôme , French historian and biographer
July 16 –
Tsarevich Ivan Dmitriyevich , pretender to the Russian throne, son of
False Dmitry II (b.
1611 )
July 19 –
Akizuki Tanenaga , Japanese samurai (b.
1567 )
July 28 –
Felix Plater , Swiss physician (b.
1536 )
July 30 –
Walter Cope , English noble (b.
1553 )
August 3 –
François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti , third son of Louis I de Bourbon (b.
1558 )
August 11 –
Lavinia Fontana , Italian painter (b.
1552 )
[172]
August 21 –
Elizabeth Báthory , Hungarian noblewoman and purported serial killer (b.
1560 )
[173]
August 22 –
Philipp Ludwig, Count Palatine of Neuburg , Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg from 1569 until 1614 (b.
1547 )
September –
Giovanni de Macque , Dutch composer (b. c.
1550 )
September 21 –
Jerome Gratian , Spanish Carmelite and writer (b.
1545 )
1615
Virginia de' Medici
John Ogilvie
Cherubino Alberti
Gervase Helwys
Gerard Reynst
January 15 –
Virginia de' Medici , Italian princess (b.
1568 )
January 16 –
Roger Fenton , English clergyman (b.
1565 )
January 31 –
Claudio Acquaviva , Italian Jesuit priest, elected (in
1581 ) the 5th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b.
1543 )
February 4 –
Giambattista della Porta , Italian scholar, polymath, playwright (b.
1535 )
February 3 or
February 5 –
Dom Justo Takayama , Japanese warlord (b.
1552 )
March 4 –
Hans von Aachen , German painter (b.
1552 )
March 6 –
Pieter Both , first Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b.
1568 )
March 10 –
John Ogilvie , Scottish Catholic Jesuit martyr (b.
1579 )
March 19 –
Henry Pierrepont , English politician (b.
1546 )
March 27 –
Margaret of Valois , Queen of France (b.
1553 )
[174]
October 9 –
Hasan Kafi Pruščak , Bosnian scholar and judge (b.
1544 )
October 16
October 18 –
Cherubino Alberti , Italian engraver and painter (b.
1553 )
October 31 –
Marcantonio Memmo , Doge of Venice (b.
1536 )
November 6 –
Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet , English politician (b.
1585 )
November 14 –
John Leveson , English politician (b.
1555 )
November 15 –
Anne Turner , English murderer (b.
1576 )
November 20 –
Gervase Helwys , English murderer (b.
1561 )
November 24 –
Sethus Calvisius , German calendar reformer (b.
1556 )
November 28 –
William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham , English politician and Baron (b.
1577 )
November 29 –
George Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg (b.
1591 )
November –
Edward Wright , English mathematician and cartographer (b.
1561 )
December 7 –
Gerard Reynst , Dutch merchant (b. c.
1558 )
December 26 –
August of Saxony , German prince (b.
1589 )
1616
Charles de Ligne
William Shakespeare
Miguel de Cervantes
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Jacob Le Maire
January 5 –
Simeon Bekbulatovich , khan of the Qasim Tatars, Grand Duke of Muscovy and Tver
January 6 –
Philip Henslowe , English theatre manager (b.
1550 )
January 18 –
Charles de Ligne, 2nd Prince of Arenberg , Dutch noble (b.
1550 )
February 12 –
Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg , Countess consort of Nassau-Weilburg (b.
1541 )
February 13 –
Anders Sørensen Vedel , Danish priest and historian (b.
1542 )
February 15 –
George Carey , English politician (b.
1541 )
February 18 –
Archduke Maximilian Ernest of Austria , Austrian archduke (b.
1583 )
February 28
March 3 –
Matthias de l'Obel , physician of James I of England (b.
1538 )
March 6 –
Francis Beaumont , dramatist in the English Renaissance theatre (b.
1584 )
[175]
March 8
March 19 –
Johannes Fabricius , Frisian/German astronomer (b.
1587 )
March 21 –
Giacomo Castelvetro , Italian writer (b.
1546 )
March 27 –
George Wylde I , English lawyer and politician (b.
1550 )
March 31 –
John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (b.
1575 )
April 19 –
Juan de Silva , Spanish military commander and governor of the Philippines
April 22 –
Miguel de Cervantes , Spanish author (b.
1547 )
April 23
April 27 –
Francesco Barbaro , Italian diplomat (b.
1546 )
May 4 –
Magdalene of Brandenburg , Landgravine consort of Hesse-Darmstadt (1598–1616) (b.
1582 )
May 8 –
Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury , English politician and earl (b.
1552 )
May 24 –
Margaret Clifford, Countess of Cumberland , British noble (b.
1560 )
May 30 –
Thomas Parry , English politician (b.
1541 )
June 1 –
Tokugawa Ieyasu , Japanese shōgun (b.
1543 )
June 4 –
Adam Hieronim Sieniawski , Polish–Lithuanian noble (b. c.
1576 )
June 9 –
Cornelis Schuyt , Dutch organist and composer (b.
1557 )
June 18 –
Thomas Bilson , English bishop (b.
1547 )
June 19 –
Henry Robinson , English bishop (b.
1553 )
October 10 –
Countess Maria of Nassau (b.
1556 )
October 11 –
Aleksander Józef Lisowski , Polish noble (szlachcic) (b.
1580 )
October 17 –
John Pitts , Catholic scholar and writer (b.
1560 )
October 21 –
Sakazaki Naomori , Japanese
daimyō (b.
1563 )
October 23 –
Leonhard Hutter , German theologian (b.
1563 )
October 27 –
Johannes Praetorius , German astronomer and mathematician (b.
1537 )
November 3 –
Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt , Abbess of Gernrode, Electress of Saxony, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Plön (b.
1573 )
November 8 –
Robert Dormer, 1st Baron Dormer , English politician (b.
1551 )
November 14 –
William Harris , English knight (b.
1556 )
November 20 –
Matsumae Yoshihiro , Japanese daimyo of Ezochi (Hokkaidō) (b.
1548 )
December 6 –
Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi , Moroccan writer, judge and mathematician (b.
1552 )
November 23 –
Richard Hakluyt , English author, editor and translator (b.
1553 )
December 7 –
Guillaume Fouquet de la Varenne , French chef (b.
1560 )
December 22 –
Jacob Le Maire , Dutch mariner (b.
1585 )
December 24 –
György Thurzó , Palatine of Hungary (b.
1567 )
December 31 –
Jan Szczęsny Herburt , Polish political writer (b.
1567 )
1617
John Napier
Dorothea Maria of Anhalt
Emperor Go-Yozei
Saint
Francisco Suarez
Charlotte de Sauve
Alphonsus Rodriguez
January 1 –
Hendrik Goltzius , Dutch painter (b.
1558 )
January 6 –
Dorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1561 to 1592 as the consort of Duke William (b.
1546 )
January 16 –
Wolf Dietrich Raitenau ,
Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg (b.
1559 )
January 17 –
Faust Vrančić , Croatian inventor (b.
1551 )
January 28 –
Karl II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels , Duke of Oels and Duke of Bernstadt (b.
1545 )
February 3 –
Prospero Alpini , Italian physician and botanist from the Republic of Venice (b.
1553 )
February 8 –
Edward Talbot, 8th Earl of Shrewsbury , English politician and earl (b.
1561 )
February 11 –
Giovanni Antonio Magini , Italian mathematician, cartographer and astronomer (b.
1555 )
February 16 –
Kaspar Ulenberg , German theologian (b.
1549 )
March 1 –
Edward Hoby , English politician (b.
1560 )
March 20 –
François d'Aguilon , Belgian Jesuit mathematician (b.
1567 )
March 21 –
Pocahontas , Algonquian (Native American) princess (b. c.
1596 )
[177]
March 27 –
George II, Duke of Pomerania , non-reigning Duke of Pomerania (b.
1582 )
July 8 –
Leonora Dori , French noble (b.
1571 )
July 9 –
John Herbert , Welsh politician (b.
1550 )
July 13 –
Adam Wenceslaus, Duke of Cieszyn , Duke of Teschen (b.
1574 )
July 18 –
Dorothea Maria of Anhalt (b.
1570 )
August 7 –
Otto, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel , Hereditary Prince of Hesse-Kassel, Administrator of Hersfeld Abbey (b.
1594 )
August 8 –
Frederick IV of Fürstenberg , German noble (b.
1563 )
August 13 –
Johann Jakob Grynaeus , Swiss Protestant clergyman (b.
1540 )
August 24 –
Rose of Lima , Peruvian saint (b.
1586 )
August 28 –
William Willoughby, 3rd Baron Willoughby of Parham , English baron (b.
1584 )
September 9 –
Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn , German bishop (b.
1545 )
September 25
September 27 –
John Ernest of Nassau-Siegen , German general (b.
1582 )
September 30 –
Charlotte de Sauve , French courtesan (b.
1551 )
October 10 –
Bernardino Baldi , Italian mathematician and writer (b.
1553 )
October 11 –
François Vranck , Dutch statesman and justice (b.
1555 )
October 14 –
Isaac Arnauld , French noble (b.
1566 )
October 19 –
David Hoeschel , German librarian (b.
1556 )
October 22 –
Matthias Hafenreffer , German Lutheran theologian (b.
1561 )
October 27 –
Ralph Winwood , English politician (b. c.
1563 )
October 31 –
Alphonsus Rodriguez , Spanish Jesuit lay brother, saint (b.
1532 )
November 10 –
Barnabe Rich , English soldier and writer (b. c.
1540 )
November 12 –
Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de Villeroy , secretary of state under four kings of France (b.
1543 )
November 17 – Princess
Dorothea, Abbess of Quedlinburg (b.
1591 )
November 22 –
Ahmed I ,
Ottoman Emperor (b.
1590 )
1618
Philip II, Duke of Pomerania
Marie of the Incarnation (Carmelite)
Nicolò Rusca
Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia
Jakob Rem
January 6 –
Margherita Gonzaga, Duchess of Ferrara (b.
1564 )
January 19 –
Jacobus Zaffius , Dutch Catholic provost (b.
1535 )
January 24 –
Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham , English peer and traitor (b.
1564 )
January 29 –
John Dackombe , Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b.
1570 )
February 3 –
Philip II, Duke of Pomerania -Stettin (b.
1573 )
February 10 –
Feliks Kryski , Grand Chancellor of Poland (b.
1562 )
February 14 –
Paolo Emilio Sfondrati , Italian Catholic cardinal (b.
1560 )
February 20 –
Philip William, Prince of Orange , eldest son of William the Silent, by his first wife Anna van Egmont (b.
1554 )
February 25 –
Elizabeth Spencer, Baroness Hunsdon , English baroness (b.
1552 )
February 27 –
Anne Lyon, Countess of Kinghorne , Scottish countess (b.
1579 )
March 5
March 16 –
Giovanni Bembo , Doge of Venice (b.
1543 )
[179]
March 23 –
James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn , Scottish politician (b. c.
1575 )
March 26 –
Frederick Magnus, Count of Erbach-Fürstenau (1606–1618) (b.
1575 )
March 31 –
Pedro Cornejo de Pedrosa , Spanish theologian (b.
1536 )
April –
Chief Powhatan (proper name Wahunsenacawh), Algonquin (indigenous American) leader, father of
Pocahontas (b. c.
1547 )
April 5 –
Robert Barker , English politician (b.
1563 )
April 14 –
Giovanni Battista Zuccato , Italian Catholic prelate, Bishop of Nusco (1607–1614) (b.
1543 )
April 18 –
Marie of the Incarnation , Carmelite (b.
1566 )
May 9 –
Nicolò Donato , Doge of Venice (b.
1539 )
May 24 –
John George I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1603–1618) (b.
1567 )
May 31 –
Sabina Catharina of East Frisia , Countess of Rietberg (1586–1618) (b.
1582 )
June 7 –
Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr , English Governor of Virginia (b.
1577 )
June 21 –
Kasper Hassler , German musician (b.
1562 )
Sir Walter Raleigh
October 12 –
Jakob Rem , Austrian Jesuit (b.
1546 )
October 24 –
Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel , German noblewoman (b.
1567 )
October 29 – Sir
Walter Raleigh , English soldier, politician, courtier, explorer, Virginia settler, historian, poet and spy (executed) (b.
1552 of 1554)
[180]
October 30
November 2 –
Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria (b.
1558 )
November 14 –
Anna Maria of Brandenburg , Duchess Consort of Pomerania (b.
1567 )
December 6 –
Jacques Davy Duperron , French cardinal (b.
1556 )
December 7 –
Bernardo de Sandoval y Rojas , Spanish Catholic cardinal,
Grand Inquisitor (b.
1546 )
December 9 –
Valentine Knightley , English politician (b.
1555 )
December 10 –
Giulio Caccini , Italian composer (b.
1551 )
[181]
December 14 –
Anna of Tyrol , Holy Roman Empress (b.
1585 )
December 17 –
Roger Puleston , Welsh politician (b.
1565 )
[182]
1619
Lucilio Vanini
Taj Bibi Bilqis Makani
Lawrence of Brindisi
Marko Krizin
Sur Singh
Ludovico Carracci
January 7 –
Nicholas Hilliard , English miniature painter (b. c.
1547 )
January 11 –
Diane de France , Duchess of Angoulême (b.
1538 )
January 15 –
Thomas Clinton, 3rd Earl of Lincoln , English politician (b.
1568 )
January 20 –
Éléonore de Bourbon , Dutch princess (b.
1587 )
February 3 –
Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham , English conspirator (b.
1564 )
February 9 –
Lucilio Vanini , Italian philosopher (b.
1585 )
February 12 –
Pierre de Larivey , Italian-born French dramatist (b.
1549 )
February 16 –
William Couper , Scottish bishop of Galloway (b.
1568 )
March 2
March 5 –
Demeter Naprágyi , Hungarian Catholic archbishop (b.
1564 )
March 13 –
Richard Burbage , English actor (b. c.
1567 )
[184]
March 15
March 18 –
Chō Tsuratatsu , Japanese samurai (b.
1546 )
March 20
April 5 –
Alexander Home, 1st Earl of Home , Scottish nobleman (b.
1566 )
April 10 –
Thomas Jones , Anglican Archbishop of Dublin (b. c.
1550 )
April 16 –
Denis Calvaert , Flemish painter (b.
1540 )
April 18 –
Taj Bibi Bilqis Makani , Mughal empress (b.
1573 )
April /May –
William Larkin , English court portrait painter (b. early 1580s)
May –
John Overall , English bishop (b.
1559 )
May 13 –
Johan van Oldenbarnevelt , Dutch statesman (b.
1547 )
May 21 –
Hieronymus Fabricius , Italian anatomist (b.
1537 )
May 23 –
Stephen Soame , Lord Mayor of London (b.
1540 )
June 18 –
Martin Fréminet , French painter (b.
1567 )
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^
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b Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 170–172.
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^ Bratton, Timothy (1988). "Identity of the New England Indian Epidemic of 1616–1619". Bulletin of the History of Medicine . 62 (3): 352–383.
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^ Robbins, Russell Hope (1959). The Encyclopedia of Witchcraft and Demonology . New York: Bonanza Books.
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^ His notebooks, not fully published until the 20th century, reveal a coherent
mechanical philosophy of nature with incipient atomism, a force of inertia, and mathematical interpretations of natural philosophy are present. van Berkel, K. (1983). Isaac Beeckman (1588–1637) en de mechanisering van het wereldbeeld . Amsterdam. {{
cite book }}
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^ Michael J. Walsh (1998).
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^ Charles Intervale Silin (1940).
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^ Michael Hunter; Michael Cyril William Hunter; Reader in History Michael Hunter (1995).
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^ Isaac Asimov (1976).
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^ National Portrait Gallery (Great Britain); Oliver Millar (1979).
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^ Graeff, P. de (P. de Graeff Gerritsz en
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^ Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc (1998).
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978-0-8446-7157-4 .
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978-81-7156-725-6 .
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978-0-89659-406-7 .
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