PhotosLocation


İstanbul_Sirkeci_Terminal Latitude and Longitude:

41°00′54″N 28°58′38″E / 41.015000°N 28.977222°E / 41.015000; 28.977222
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Istanbul
The front facade of the station
General information
LocationSirkeci İstasyon Cd. 2, Hoca Paşa Mah., 34110
Sirkeci, Fatih, Istanbul
Turkey
Coordinates 41°00′54″N 28°58′38″E / 41.015000°N 28.977222°E / 41.015000; 28.977222
Owned by Turkish State Railways
Line(s) Istanbul-Pythion railway
Platforms4 (3 bay platforms, 1 island platform)
Tracks7
Connections Istanbul Tram at Sirkeci
Şehir Hatları at Eminönü Pier
İDO at Sirkeci Pier
Bus transport İETT Bus: [1] 81, BN1, BN2
Construction
Structure typeAt-grade
Platform levels2
ParkingYes
AccessibleYes
History
Opened27 July 1872
Closed2013
Rebuilt1890, 2013
Electrified 25 kV AC, 50 Hz OHLE
Services
Preceding station TCDD Taşımacılık Following station
Cankurtaran T6 Terminus
Former services
Preceding station Turkish State Railways Following station
Halkalı
towards Belgrade
Balkan Express Terminus
Halkalı
towards Thessaloniki
Friendship Express
Cankurtaran
towards Halkalı
Istanbul suburban

Sirkeci railway station ( Turkish: Sirkeci garı), listed on maps as Istanbul railway station ( Turkish: İstanbul garı), is a railway terminal in Istanbul, Turkey. The terminal is located in Sirkeci, on the tip of Istanbul's historic peninsula, right next to the Golden Horn and just northwest of Gülhane Park and the Topkapı Palace. Sirkeci Terminal on the European side of the Bosporus strait, along with Haydarpaşa Terminal on the Asian side, are Istanbul's two intercity and commuter railway terminals. Built in 1890 by the Oriental Railway as the eastern terminus of the world-famous Orient Express that once operated between Paris and Istanbul in the period between 1883 and 2009, Sirkeci Terminal has become a symbol of the city. [2] As of 19 March 2013, service to the station was indefinitely suspended due to the rehabilitation of the existing line between Kazlıçeşme and Halkalı for the new Marmaray commuter rail line. On 29 October 2013, a new underground station was opened to the public and is serviced by Marmaray trains travelling across the Bosphorus. Station reopened on 26 February 2024 as part of T6 (Istanbul Tram) line. Sirkeci Terminal has a total of 4 platforms (3 above, 1 underground) with 7 tracks (5 above, 2 underground). Formerly, commuter trains to Halkalı would depart from tracks 2, 3 and 4; while regional trains to Kapıkule, Edirne and Uzunköprü, along with international trains to Bucharest, Sofia and Belgrade would depart from tracks 1 and 5.

History

After the Crimean War, the Ottoman authorities concluded that a railway connecting Europe with Istanbul was necessary. The first contract was signed with Labro, a British member of parliament, in January 1857. The contract was cancelled three months later because Labro was unable to provide the investment capital required. Similar second and third contracts signed with British and Belgian entrepreneurs in 1860 and 1868 ended with the same result. On 17 April 1869 the concession for the "Rumeli Railroad" was awarded to Baron Maurice de Hirsch (Moritz Freiherr Hirsch auf Gereuth), a Bavaria-born banker from Belgium. The project foresaw a route from Istanbul via Edirne, Plovdiv and Sarajevo to the shore of the Sava River. The construction of the first 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Istanbul to Halkalı began on 4 June 1870 and was completed on 4 January 1871. An extension of the line to Sirkeci was demanded as the starting point since Yeşilköy was too far away from Eminönü, the main business district of that epoch. The first proposed option for the line was a route from Beyazit down to the shore of the Golden Horn. The Ottoman Sultan Abdülaziz decided and permitted the route to run on the shoreline of the Sea of Marmara bordering the walls of Topkapı Palace's lower garden. The extension line was completed on 21 July 1872. In 1873, a "temporary" terminus station in Sirkeci was built.

The terminal building

A lateral view of the Sirkeci Terminal.
An interior view of the Sirkeci Terminal.
Railroad tracks of the Sirkeci Terminal.

The construction of a new terminal building began on 11 February 1888. [3] The terminus, which was initially named " Müşir Ahmet Paşa Station", was opened on 3 November 1890, replacing the temporary one. The architect of the project was August Jasmund, [3] a Prussian who was sent to Istanbul by the German government in order to study Ottoman architecture, but lectured architectural design at the School of Polytechnics in Istanbul (now Istanbul Technical University). The terminal building which rises on an area of 1,200 m2 (13,000 sq ft) is one of the most famous examples of European Orientalism, and has influenced the designs of other architects. The building was also modern, having gas lighting and heating provided by large tile stoves, made in Austria, [3] in winter.

The terminal restaurant became a meeting point for journalists, writers and other prominent people from the media in the 1950s and 1960s. The same restaurant, today called "Orient Express", is a popular spot among tourists.

The station is preserved in its original state, but the areas around the terminal building have largely changed since 1890. The Istanbul Railway Museum, which opened in September 2005, is located in the station. [3]

Members of the Mevlevi Dervish order regularly conduct ceremonies at Sirkeci Terminal, which tourists and other members of the public can observe for an admission fee.

International lines

Until 2013, the terminal was the endpoint of the lines connecting Turkey to the rest of Europe. It connected to two neighbouring countries. One service connected Istanbul with Thessaloniki in Greece - this so-called Friendship Express was stopped in 2011 in the wake of the Greek government-debt crisis, but is planned to be reinstated. The other service was the Bosphorus Express, running daily between Sirkeci and Gara de Nord in Bucharest, Romania, with connecting cars to Sofia and historically to Belgrade. This train still reaches Istanbul, but now terminates at Halkali. [4]

Orient Express

On 4 October 1883, the first Orient Express departed from the Gare de l'Est in Paris, with farewell music from Mozart's Turkish March. The train was a project of Belgian businessman Georges Nagelmackers. The route passed through Strasbourg, Karlsruhe, Stuttgart, Ulm, and Munich in Germany, Vienna in Austria, Budapest in Hungary, Bucharest in Romania, Rousse and Varna in Bulgaria, ending in Sirkeci. The journey of 3,094 kilometres (1,923 mi) took 80 hours.

The direct Orient Express was withdrawn on 19 May 1977, and the Orient Express via Vienna was cut back, terminating at Budapest and later Vienna. With the opening in 2007 of a new high-speed line from Paris to Strasbourg, the Orient Express was cut again to run only from Strasbourg to Vienna, before finally being entirely withdrawn in 2009 after over 130 years. [5]

This is not to be confused with the Venice-Simplon Orient Express, a luxury tourist train using restored coaches from the 1930s. The VSOE still makes one journey per year to Istanbul, but mostly travels between Calais and Venice. [6]

Service

Between July 2005 and February 2011, the Friendship Express, (an international InterCity train jointly operated by the Turkish State Railways (TCDD) and TrainOSE linking Istanbul and Thessaloniki, Greece) terminated at Sirkeci Railway Station.

Since May 2013 there are currently no international trains from Sirkeci Terminal. For trains to Bulgaria only, there is a replacement bus service to Halkalı from where a daily train to Sofia with through cars to Bucharest is offered. [7]

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Turkish State Railways
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Marmaray station

Sirkeci
TCDD Taşımacılık commuter rail station
The Cağaloğlu portal to Sirkeci Marmaray station.
General information
Owned by Turkish State Railways
Line(s) Marmaray Tunnel
Platforms1 island platform
Tracks2
Construction
Structure typeUnderground
AccessibleYes
History
Opened29 October 2013
Electrified 25 kV AC
Passengers
201724,329 Average daily ridership
Services
Preceding station TCDD Taşımacılık Following station
Yenikapı
towards Halkalı
Marmaray Üsküdar
towards Gebze

Sirkeci is an underground railway station along the trans-Bosphorus Marmaray tunnel. This underground station was opened on 29 October 2013 along with four other stations (Kazlıçeşme, Yenikapı, Üsküdar and Ayrılık Çeşmesi) on the Marmaray line. Sirkeci is serviced by TCDD trains running between Kazlıçeşme (west of Sirkeci) and Ayrılık Çeşmesi (east of Sirkeci on the Asian side) with 6- to 10-minute intervals. Once the rehabilitation of the existing rail lines are complete, Marmaray commuter service will run west to Halkalı and east to Gebze. This service is expected to commence in 2016.

Construction of the Marmaray tunnel started in 2004 and was expected to open in April 2009. However, due to several important archaeological discoveries at Yenikapı, the opening was delayed until October 2013. [8] [9]

Sirkeci saw 681,212 boardings in February 2017, making it the fourth busiest station on the Marmaray line. Sirkeci made up 14% of all passenger boardings on the line.

Layout

Track 1 Marmaray toward Ataköy or Halkalı
Island platform Disabled access
Track 2 Marmaray toward Maltepe or Gebze

Public transport links

See also

References

  1. ^ "Sirkeci - Duraktan Geçen Hatlar" (in Turkish). Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  2. ^ "Orient Express". britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. 21 December 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d "Turkish State Railways". Archived from the original on 28 March 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  4. ^ "How to travel by train from London to Istanbul & Turkey". seat61.com. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
  5. ^ "A history of the Orient Express - the truth behind the legend..." www.seat61.com. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
  6. ^ "VSOE website". Retrieved 19 August 2023.
  7. ^ Turkish Railways website (in Turkish) Archived 2012-06-04 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Marmaray tunnel opens to Link Europe with Asia - Railway Gazette International, 29 October 2013.
  9. ^ TCDD launches Eskişehir - Konya high-speed rail service - Railway Gazette International, 28 March 2013.

External links